翻译资格考试中英互译试题2016
第二，中国是经历了深重苦难的国家。在工业革命发生前的几千年时间里，中国经济、科技、文化一直走在世界的第一方阵之中。近代以后，中国的封建统治者夜郎自大、闭关锁国，导致中国落后于时代发展步伐，中国逐步成为半殖民地半封建社会。外国列强入侵不断，中国社会动荡不已，人民生活极度贫困。穷则思变，乱则思定。中国人民经过逾百年前赴后继的不屈抗争，付出几千万人伤亡的巨大牺牲，终于掌握了自己的命运。中国人民对被侵略、被奴役的历史记忆犹新，尤其珍惜今天的生活。中国人民希望和平、反对战争，所以始终奉行独立自主的和平外交政策，坚持不干涉别国内政、也不允许别人干涉中国内政。我们过去一直是这样做的，今后也会这样做下去。
Second, China has gone through many vicissitudes. For several thousand years before theindustrial revolution, China had been leading the world in economic, technological and culturaldevelopment. However, feudal rulers of the 18th and 19th centuries closed the door of China inboastful ignorance and China was since left behind in the trend of development. The countrywas subdued to a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society. As a result of incessant foreigninvasions thereafter, China experienced great social turmoil and its people had to lead a lifeof extreme destitution. Poverty prompted the call for change and people experiencing turmoilaspired for stability. After a hundred years of persistent and unyielding struggle, the Chinesepeople, sacrificing tens of millions of lives, ultimately took their destiny back into their ownhands. Nevertheless, the memory of foreign invasion and bullying has never been erased fromthe minds of the Chinese people, and that explains why we cherish so dearly the life we leadtoday. The Chinese people want peace; we do not want war. This is the reason why Chinafollows an independent foreign policy of peace. China is committed to non-interference inother countries’ internal affairs, and China will not allow others to interfere in its own affairs.This is the position we have upheld in the past. It is what we will continue to uphold in thefuture.
第三，中国是实行中国特色社会主义的国家。1911年，孙中山先生领导的辛亥革命，推翻了统治中国几千年的君主专制制度。旧的制度推翻了，中国向何处去?中国人苦苦寻找适合中国国情的道路。君主立宪制、复辟帝制、议会制、多党制、总统制都想过了、试过了，结果都行不通。最后，中国选择了社会主义道路。在建设社会主义实践中，我们有成功也有失误，甚至发生过严重曲折。改革开放以后，我们从中国国情和时代要求出发，探索和开拓国家发展道路，形成了中国特色社会主义，提出要建设社会主义市场经济、民主政治、先进文化、和谐社会、生态文明，维护社会公平正义，促进人的全面发展，坚持和平发展，全面建成小康社会，进而实现现代化，逐步实现全体人民共同富裕。独特的文化传统，独特的历史命运，独特的国情，注定了中国必然走适合自己特点的发展道路。我们走出了这样一条道路，并且取得了成功。
Third, China is a socialist country with Chinese characteristics. In 1911, the revolution led byDr. Sun Yat-sen overthrew the autocratic monarchy that had ruled China for several thousandyears. But once the old system was gone, where China would go became the question. TheChinese people then started exploring long and hard for a path that would suit China’s nationalconditions. They experimented with constitutional monarchy, imperial restoration,parliamentarism, multi-party system and presidential government, yet nothing really worked.Finally, China took on the path of socialism. Admittedly, in the process of building socialism, wehave had successful experience and also made mistakes. We have even suffered serioussetbacks. After the “reform and opening-up” was launched under the leadership of Mr. DengXiaoping, we have, acting in line with China’s national conditions and the trend of the times,explored and blazed a trail of development and established socialism with Chinesecharacteristics. Our aim is to build a socialist market economy, democracy, an advancedculture, a harmonious society and a sound eco-system, uphold social equity and justice,promote all-round development of the people, pursue peaceful development, complete thebuilding of a moderately prosperous society in all respects and eventually achievemodernization and ensure prosperity for all. The uniqueness of China’s cultural tradition,history and circumstances determines that China needs to follow a development path that suitsits own reality. In fact, we have found such a path and achieved success along this path.
第四，中国是世界上最大的发展中国家。中国发展取得了历史性进步，经济总量已经跃升到世界第二位。作为有着13亿多人口的国家，中国用几十年的时间走完了发达国家几百年走过的发展历程，无疑是值得骄傲和自豪的。同时，我们也清醒认识到，中国经济总量虽大，但除以13亿多人口，人均国内生产总值还排在世界第八十位左右。中国城乡低保人口有7400多万人，每年城镇新增劳动力有1000多万人，几亿农村劳动力需要转移就业和落户城镇，还有8500多万残疾人。根据世界银行的标准，中国还有2亿多人口生活在贫困线以下，这差不多相当于法国、德国、英国人口的总和。今年春节前后的40天里，中国航空、铁路、公路承载了大约36亿人次的流动，相当于每天都有9000万人在流动之中。所以，让13亿多人都过上好日子，还需要付出长期的艰苦努力。中国目前的中心任务依然是经济建设，并在经济发展的基础上推动社会全面进步。