人教版初二英语下册基础知识点
学好英语,就等于打开了世界的一扇窗户。初二的时候,正是巩固好初中英语知识的时期,这个时候是提高英语成绩的最佳时期。下面是百分网小编为大家整理的初二英语知识点归纳,希望对大家有用!
初二英语知识点
【重点短语】
1. work on doing sth. 致力于做某事
2. as soon as ... 一……就…....
3. once upon a time 从前
4. continue to do sth. 继续做某事
5. make sth. happen 使某事发生
6.try to do sth. 努力做某事
7. the journey to sp. ......之旅
8. tell the/a story 讲故事
9. put on 穿
10. a little bit 有点儿
11. keep doing sth. 坚持做某事
12. give up 放弃
13. instead of 代替;反而
14. turn...into... 使......变成......
15. get married 结婚
16. the main character 主要人物;主人公
17. at other times 在另外一些时候
18. be able to 能;会
19. come out (书、电影等)出版
20. become interested in... 对……感兴趣
21. walk to the other side 走到另一边去
初二英语语法知识点
宾语从句
1.语序
无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句,宾语从句都必须使用陈述语序,即“主句+连词+宾语从句(主语+谓语+……)”句式。根据连接词在从句中所担任的不同成分,可分为以下四种:
(1)连接词+谓语。连接词在从句中作主语。常见的连接词有: who, what, which等。如:
Could you tell me who knows the answer,please?你能告诉我谁知道答案吗?
The small children don't know what is in their stockings.这些小孩子不知道袜子里有什么东西。
I don't know which belongs to my father.
(2)连接词+名词+谓语。连接词在从句中作主语的定语。常见的连接词有:whose, what, which, how many, how much等。如:
He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class.他问我们班上谁的书法最好。
The teacher asked us how many people there were in the room.老师问我们房间里有多少人。
(3)连接词+主语+谓语。连接词在从句中作宾语、状语或表语。常见的连接词有:who(m), what, which, how many, how much, when, why, how, where, if /whether(在句中不充当任何成分)。如:
He hasn't decided if he'll go on a trip to Wuxi.他还没决定是否去无锡旅行。
Could you tell me what I should do with the money ?你能告诉我我如何处理这笔钱吗?
(4)连接词+名词+主语+谓语。连接词在从句中作宾语或表语的定语。常见的连接词有:what, which, how many, how much, how等。如:
Do you know which class he is in ?你知道他在哪个班吗?
She asked me if I knew whose pen it was.她问我是否知道这是谁的'钢笔。
2.连接词
(1)当由陈述句充当宾语从句时,用that引导,that无词义,在口语或非正式文体中常省略。如:
He said that he could finish his work before supper.他说他会在晚饭前完成工作。
(2)当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时,用if或whether引导,意为“是否”。如:
I don't know if /whether he still lives here after so many years.
但在下列情况下只能用whether:
①在具有选择意义,又有or或or not时,尤其是直接与or not连用时,往往用whether(if…or not也可以使用)。如:
Let me know whether /if he will come or not.(=Let me know whethe or not he will come)
I don't know whether/if he does any washing or not.(=I don't know whether or not he does any washing.)
I wonder whether we stay or whether we go.
②在介词之后用whether。如:
I'm interested in whether he likes English.我关心的是他是否喜欢英语。
We're thinking about whether we can finish the work on time.
I worry about whether I hurt her feelings.我担心是否伤了她的感情。
③在不定式前用whether。如:
He hasn't decided whether to visit the old man.他尚未决定是否拜访那位老人。
I don't know whether to go.我不知去否。
He hasn't decided whether to go by bus or by train.他还未决定是乘公共汽车去还是坐火车去。
④whether置于句首时,不能换用if。如:
Whether this is true or not, I can't say.这是否真的我说不上来。
⑤引导主语从句和表语从句时宜用whether。如:
Whether she will come or not is still a question.她是否能来还是个问题。
The question is whether we can catch the bus.问题是我们能否赶上公共汽车。
⑥ 若用if会引起歧义时,则用whether。如:
Please let me know if you like the book.可理解为:a. Please let me know whether you like the book.请告诉我你是否喜欢这本书。B. If you like the book, please let me know.你如果喜欢这本书,请告诉我。
(3)如果宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句,只需用原来的特殊疑问词引导。如:
Could you tell me why you were late for the meeting this morning?
初二英语知识重点
一、现在分词的构成的注意要点
1)动词以单个e 结尾去掉e, 加ing,如:
love _loving
argue _ arguing
2)动词以 —ee结尾直接加ing,如:
agree_ agreeing
see _ seeing
3)动词为单音节:以单一元音字母 + 单一辅音字母结尾辅音字母双写,再加ing,如:
hit _ hitting
run _running
4)动词为双音节或者多音节:最后一个音节为重读音节,以单一元音字母 + 单一辅音字母结尾辅音字母双写,再加ing,如:
begin__ beginning
admit__ admitting
5)以 y 结尾的动词直接加ing,如:
carry __carrying
enjoy__enjoying
二、现在进行时态的肯定式、否定式、疑问式及简略回答。
1)肯定式:be+v-ing
She is singing in the next room.
2)否定式:be+not+v-ing
The students aren’t cleaning the room.
3)一般问句:be动词提前。
肯定答语Yes,主语+be。
否定答语No,主语+be not。
Are you playing the computer game? Yes, I am. /No, I am not.
4)特殊问句:对谓语动词进行提问的:What+be +主语+doing+其他?
What is the old man doing under the tree?
对其他成份进行提问的,疑问词+一般疑问句?
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