英语短文改错题技巧总结
总结是事后对某一阶段的学习或工作情况作加以回顾检查并分析评价的书面材料,它能够使头脑更加清醒,目标更加明确,让我们一起认真地写一份总结吧。那么如何把总结写出新花样呢?下面是小编收集整理的英语短文改错题技巧总结,欢迎大家分享。
英语短文改错题技巧总结1
1. 动词时态
每年都有时态错误的小题,而且改动基本集中在一般过去时与一般现在时之间。时态的更改要以上下文的主体时态为依据。
(1)(2003全国卷)She liked it very much and reads it to the class. All said the story was... 84. read
(and连接并列谓语)
(2)(2004江苏卷)At once I apologize and controlled myself... 83. apologized
(and连接并列谓语)
(3)(2004全国卷) Sometimes, we talked to each other very well in class,... 82. talk
(根据sometimes可判断此句为一般现在时)
(4)(2005全国卷Ⅱ)I will write again and send you the photos we take together. 85. took
(把照片寄给你,应该是已经拍好的,用过去时)
(5)(2005全国卷Ⅰ) There are advantage for students to work while studying at school. One of them was that they can earn money. 77. is
(从上下文判断,应该是现在时,谓语用is)
(6)(2005江苏卷)We named him Jack and keep him for about three years. 76. kept
(and连接并列谓语)
2. 名词单复数
单复数互改是高考英语改错题的基本题型之一,改动的依据有:一是根据名词前的修饰限定成份;二是根据上下文的逻辑关系。
(1)(2003全国卷)Their word were a great encouragement to me. 85. words
(是把word改为words 还是把were改为was,根据名词前的修饰限定词their来决定。)
(2)(2004江苏)that was a dinner we had waited for several month. 85. months
(several修饰复数名词)
(3)(2004全国卷Ⅰ) a few minute on the Internet. 77. minutes
(a few修饰复数名词)
(4)(2005全国卷Ⅱ)But one and a half year later. 79. years
(one and a half意思为一年半,故判断此处year应为复数形式)
(5)(2005全国卷Ⅰ)There are advantage for students to work... 76. advantages
(从there are 判断应该用名词复数)
英语短文改错题技巧总结2
1. 时态一致
短文中谓语动词的时态与上下文,特定语言环境及该句的时间状语应保持呼应与一致
1) Sometimes we talked to each other very well in class, but after class we become strangers at once
2) I remembered her words and calm down
3) Today, it is much easier to be healthy than it is in the past.
2. 主谓一致
谓语动词在人称和数上应与主语保持一致
1)Now my picture and the prize is hanging in the library.
2)One evening she told me that something happened when her parents was out
3)Play football not only makes us grow tall and strong…
3. 平行一致
not only…but also…,either…or…,neither…nor…及and, but, or等并列连词或词组连接的结构可称为平行结构。在平行结构中,词性时态等形式须保持前后一致。
1) Playing football not only makes…but also give us a sense of fair play and team spirit.
2) I would describe myself as shy and quietly
3) However, we seldom felt lonely or helplessly
4. 数的一致
名词的数须与其修饰语保持一致.
1) You can find all kinds of information in just a few minute on the Internet
2) You know, that was a dinner we had waited for several month
5.主饰一致
句中主要词(中心词)应与其修饰词保持一致.
1) I would learn a lot of new words from these books, but I had terribly problems memorizing them.
2) She said that she and my schoolmate all wished me success.
3) Unfortunate, there are too many people…
6.指代一致
用于指代的各类代词应在数,格,性上与上下文保持一致。
1) And every year more and more people start a stamp collection of your own.
2) It is us who are to blame for the poverty because we used to……
3) What is more, you have to be friends with your pupils and take good care of him
7.语态一致
句中谓语动词或非谓语动词应与上下文语态保持一致。
1) Books may be keep for four weeks.
2) I have some records giving to me as birthday gifts.
8.搭配一致
句中的固定搭配应保持完整并与上下文一致。
1) I felt so nervous as I shook like a leaf.
2) They make their lives by collecting and selling used things.
3) But it didn’t matter that I would win or not
4) I have neither brothers nor sisters--- in any other words, I am an only child.
9. 逻辑一致
这是一种隐蔽性较强且年年必考的错误,检查时应通篇考虑,重点在连词,代词,肯定与否定,及相对应的动词如come与go等
1) And when I saw your wife and children waiting for me with warm smiles of welcome on their faces, I immediately knew that everything would be all right.
2) Unfortunately, I won’t be able to visit you at the airport although I have classes in the afternoon.
3) And they must not break the rules too often if we want to win the match.
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英语短文改错题技巧总结3
一、高考英语短文改错题题型特点
高考英语短文改错题是以篇章为单位, 要求考生有很高的阅读理解能力,考生必须摆脱孤立片面的思维定势,以一种连贯的思路、整体的眼光去适应这一题型。但是高考短文改错题具有高起点、低落点的特点,对学生的语言感觉和语言能力要求较高,但改正的错误往往比较简单。很多学生做不好改错题不是因为没有掌握这些语法知识,而是不能通过语感找出错误。所以培养学生有意识地去注意一些高考短文改错的常考题型特点非常重要。
二、高考英语短文改错题错误类型
1. 动词考查。主要考查动词的时态、语态、主谓一致和非谓语动词的使用。
The time passes quickly. Evening came.passes改为passed
High over the water, they discover a hole in the balloon. discover改为discovered
My parents will do all they can make sure that I get a good education. make前加to
...was very surprised see this when the balloon landed in front of them. see前加to
Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper as I was...talk改为talking
2. 名词考查。主要涉及可数与不可数名词以及名词的单复数的误用。
Their word were a great encouragement to me. word改为words
There are advantage for students to work while... advantage改为advantages
3. 代词的误用和限制词的搭配
代词涉及人称代词、指示代词、不定代词,主要是代词的格与数的错用和漏用。如男性用了女性代词,单数用了复数代词或相反;应当用形容词性的物主代词用了名词性等。限制词的搭配主要涉及冠词、指示代词、物主代词的错误搭配。
The three of them were very excited.them改为us
Finally, the men threw most of his clothes to save themselves. his改为their
As everyone knows, its famous mountain with all kinds of animals and plants. famous前加a
4. 形容词和副词
主要涉及到形容词和副词的原级、比较级与最高级的误用,以及形容词和副词的误用等。
...a concert can be very excited. excited改为exciting
The two men threw all their equipment into the water to make their balloon light. light改为lighter
5. 考查上下文的逻辑关系
如but, and, so, however, otherwise, however等一些并列连词和连接副词的误用。before, after, when, until, since等状语从句引导词的误用等,还有动词、肯定和否定的误用或多用等。
...as if my parents treat me as a visitor and a guest. Do they... and改为or
It was about noon we arrived at the foot of the mountain. noon后加when
So then, a concert costs so much. So改为But
I wont be able to meet you at the airport although I have classes in the afternoon. although改为because/as
6. 固定词组及惯用法的搭配
主要指一些动词词组的介词或副词使用错误
...sisters...in any other words, I am an only child. My parents... 去掉any
Evening came down. 去掉down
The balloon was coming up. up改为down
The crowded are waiting for to greet them... 去掉for
to spend on anything as if they please.
7. 数词的误用
主要是序数词与基数词的混用和错用,以及hundred, thousand, dozen, score等词和具体数量词连用时的用法以及表示约数的用法。
三、高考英语短文改错题的正确的解题方法
短文改错不同于单句改错,其改错的过程是在一个特定的语境下进行的,其中的每一个错误都与上下文息息相关。因此,解题时考生要运用从篇章着手,了解大意,到逐句分析,依行查错,再到复读全文、检查核对三步走的策略。
答题时考生应聚焦以下几点:
1. 句中的时态、语态与语篇的行文协调吗?
2. 非谓语动词的形式正确吗?
3. 主谓语一致吗?
4. 各种代词以及one, it, that等在指代关系上的使用正确吗?
5. 名词的数与格正确吗?
6. 受母语的影响,although和but, because和so, return 和back, repeat和again重复使用了吗?
7. 表示转折并列关系的连词、副词使用正确吗?
如:but, and, or, therefore, however的使用。
8. 固定搭配正确吗?
9. 冠词的使用正确吗?
总之,改错是一个具有一定难度而且较为复杂的过程,包含内容多,涉及范围广,要做好这种测试题,非下苦功不可。只有通过广泛阅读,反复大量实践,不断提高,才能走出一条成功之道。
英语短文改错题技巧总结4
一、注意事项
1. 先将全文通读一遍,弄清文章大意。
2. 判断对错不但要从本行、本句,还要综观全文。
3. 多词处记住在该词上画斜线。
4. 缺词、错词处别忘了在原文中做记号。
5. 一般情况下有一个肯定是对的,有一两个是填词或者删词,大多数是改词。
6. 留心逻辑的错误,尤其是动词、人称代词,肯定、否定等。
7. 遇到没把握的地方,千万不要随便改动。
8. 注意考点分布的广泛性。如名词单复数,代词、形容词的变化等。另外动词时态容易出题,再就是逻辑方面。
短文改错一般只有一个正确答案,有3个左右的小题是句子残缺或者多余,需要添加或者去掉某些成分;有6个左右的小题有错误,需要改正。在改错测试题中,冠词、名词、代词、动词、形容词、副词、连词和介词等都会涉及到。我个人认为,相关性错误是短文改错考查的核心,考生一定要明确每个小题考查的知识点和命题者的命题意图是什么。
冠词考查分两个方面,一是冠词主语残缺或多余,考生要注意关于含有冠词(不含冠词)的用法以及加冠词与不加冠词的区别,如:in charge of与in the charge of, out of question与out of the question的区别;二是冠词the, a, an(定冠词和不定冠词)之间的相互误用。
名词主要考查单数名词变复数名词,这主要是受东西方文化差异的影响,英语中除了不可数名词和单数名词用单数外,可数名词要用复数形式。
代词主要有人称代词、物主代词、关系代词、反身代词、疑问代词、复合疑问代词、指示代词。要注意代词的各人称之间和单复数之间的误用,关系代词which, that, as之间的误用,关系代词that与疑问代词what之间的误用,关系代词which与关系副词when, where以及what与how的误用等。
动词是短文改错的重点和难点,因为它涉及到动词的时态(主要是一般现在时变成一般过去时)和语态误用(主要是缺少助动词),非谓语动词的误用(主要是现在分词与过去分词之间的误用,动词不定式符号to的添加,动词原形变成动名词或现在分词的形式等),动词的动作、结果与状态之间的误用(例如:listen与hear,look与see,watch与notice等),以及动词的错用(came与went的错用,此处涉及行文逻辑问题)。
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形容词与副词主要涉及它们之间的相互误用,另外考生应该注意形容词与名词或代词的位置关系,副词与动词的位置关系,以及形容词与副词的位置关系。
连词主要有两类,即并列连词和从属连词,考查点主要是并列连词(分递进式、转折式、选择式和因果式4种)之间的误用(主要是but与so/and之间的误用),从属连词之间的误用以及并列连词与从属连词之间的误用等。
介词主要涉及到相关介词的误用,例如:John went to school through(through-across)a bridge three times a day.
二、一致性问题
1.主谓一致
1)What are your favourite sport? are→Is
这是对疑问句主谓一致的.考查。
2)Play football not only makes us grow up tall... play→Playing
动词原形加—ing构成动名词形式,与谓语动词makes一致。
3)Now my picture and the prize is hanging in the library.is→are
主语为复数概念我的照片和奖牌。
2.时态一致
1)It was very kind of them to meet me at the railway station and drove me to their home.drove→drive
连词and连接的是两个并列的动作meet和drive。
2)They offered me coffee and other drinks.We have a good time talking and laughing. have→had
整篇文章记述过去发生的事情,用的是过去时。
3)Hello, I learn about you from my English teacher...learn→learned
从教师那儿知道,是过去发生的行为,故须用过去时。
4)My favourite sport is football.I was a member of our school football team.was→am
整篇文章描述现在的情况,用的是一般现在时。此句也应改为一般现在时。
5)...not only makes us...but also give us a sense of fair play...give→gives
not only...,but also...连接的应是两个相等的成分,用第三人称单数。
6)I am happy with any programme but the others spent a lot of time arguing...am→was
此句描述的是过去的事情,且下句也是用的过去时,故要改为was。
7)I remembered her words and calm down.calm→calmed
连词and连接两个相等的成分。
3.名词的单复数一致
1)...and asked me lots of question.question→questions
question为可数名词,用在lots of后面,应加s。
2)We study quite a few subject. such as maths... subject→subjects
a few后面应跟可数名词的复数形式。
3)...and often watch football match on TV...match→matches
经常观看足球赛,足球赛应为复数形式。
4)She said that she and my schoolmate all wished me success... schoolmate→schoolmates
此处同学为复数概念,应加上s。
4.代词的性、数一致
1)The Smiths did his best to make me feel...his→their
主语The Smiths用以指代一家人或夫妇俩,后面的代词应该用their。
2)And they must not break the rules too often if we want to win the games. they→we
全文谈论的都是我们的事,此处也应一致。
5.语意一致
She was smiling but nodding at me. but→and
微笑和点头在语意上是并列的关系。
三、词义的重叠
1.Today I visited the Smiths—my first time visit to...
这一题是考查英汉不同的表达习惯。汉语的第一次访问,英语说my first visit即可,time是多余的。
2.First, let me tell you something more about myself.
因为是头一次交朋友,以前并不了解,无所谓更多。more明显是多余的。
3.Now I can’t watch much television but a few years ago I used to watch it every night...and there was no way of settling the matter except by selling the set.
此题难度较大。它在语义上出现重叠,但答案一直到短文最后一句才出现。电视机既已卖掉,就不可能再看了,更不可能看很多。故要去掉much。
4.Whenever I see them I often think of my English teacher.
此题易受汉语的影响,造成语意上的重叠。每当我看见他们,我总会想起我的英语教师。但英语中whenever之后一般不用often。
四、逻辑关系
I live in Beijing, where is the capital of China.where→which
考查定语从句中关系代词与关系副词的用法。此处where应改为which,因为它在定语从句中做主语。
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