those后接定语从句的四大类型
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those后接定语从句的四大类型 篇1
一、those who型
当代词 those 后接定语从句时，定语从句通常用关系代词who来引导。如：
Those who earn most pay most tax. 挣钱最多的人交税也最多。
Thanks are due to all those who helped. 向所有帮过忙的人表示感谢。
Thanks are due to all those who took part. 向所有参加的人表示感谢。
We kept seats for those who might arrive late. 我们给可能来晚的人留了座位。
Apologies to those of you who wrote in to complain. 向那些写信来投拆的人致歉。
Life goes on for those of us who remain here below. 对于我们凡人来说，生活依旧。
This statue commemorates those who died in the war. 这座雕像是纪念战争死难者的。
Only those who had booked in advance were allowed in. 只有那些预先订票的人可以进去。
Early settlers paved the way for those who arrived later. 早期的移民为后来者奠定了基础。
Tickets are limited and will be allocated to those who apply first. 票数有限，先申请者先得。
There are plenty of restaurants for those who tire of shopping. 厌烦购物的人有很多餐馆可去。
Those who wish to come here will do so at their own risk. 愿意来的人都可以来，但责任自负。
He was one of those people who take delight in conveying disagreeable news. 他是那种专喜欢报忧的人。
Inevitably those who suffer the most are the mothers and children. 不可避免的是遭受最大痛苦的是母亲和儿童。
The market favoured those who had property and discriminated against those who did not. 市场偏爱那些有财产的人，歧视那些没有财产的。
二、those whom型
当 those 后引导定语从句的关系代词用作宾语时，可以省略作宾语的whom。如：
He could imitate in speech or writing most of those he admired. 他能模仿大多数自己崇拜的偶像的讲话和写作风格。
Eric was a gifted teacher beloved by all those he taught over the years. 埃里克是位天才的教师，多年来他一直受到所以学生们的热爱。
He sought reconciliation with those he had stolen from. 他想与那些曾被他盗窃的人寻求和解。
Build on the qualities you are satisfied with and work to change those you are unhappy with. 以自己满意的优点为发展基础，努力改变自己不满意的地方。
三、those whose型
当 those 后引导定语从句的关系代词用作定语且表示所属关系时，关系代词用 whose。如：
The syndrome is more likely to strike those whose immune systems are already below par. 这种综合征更容易对那些免疫系统已经低于正常水平的人构成威胁。
四、those that / which 型
许多人认为，those 后后的定语从句只能用 who 来引导，不能用 that 或 which，其实是误解。
1. 当先行词 those 指人时，其后的定语从句可以用 who 来引导，也可以用 that 来引导，但以用 who 引导为普通。如：
None are so deaf as those that will not hear. 最聋的人莫过于不愿听别人意见的人。
His simple message was that God will punish those that do evil. 他的意思非常简单：上帝将会惩罚作恶者。
2. 当先行词 those 指事物时，其后的定语从句不可以用 who 来引导，可以用 that 来或 which 来引导。如：
The votes in the marginals are those that really count. 边缘席位的选票才是最关键的。
The design of the new house is similar to those that have already been built. 这栋新房子的设计与已经建好的那些房子相似。
We must try to find out those which may be attacked most easily. 我们必须设法找出容易受攻击的东西。
You are asked to indicate those which most describe your personality. 要求你指出最能表明你性格的那些方面。
另外注意，those后可接定语从句，但these后习惯上不接定语从句。
those后接定语从句的四大类型 篇2
those that 定语从句
关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。
关系副词有：when, where, why等。
关系代词引导的'定语从句
关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1)who, whom, that
这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：
Is he the man who/that wants to see you?
他就是想见你的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)
He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.
他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)
2) Whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换), 例如：
They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。
Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。
3)which, that
它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，例如：
A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。(which / that在句中作宾语)
The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。(which / that在句中作宾语)
those后接定语从句的四大类型 篇3
在定语从句中those为先行词时，关系词有指人指物的that，指物的which，指人的who。
定语从句先行词是those
That(指物)和those(指人或物)可做定语从句的先行词,this和these不可做先行词,those做定语从句先行词时,当其指物关系词用that/which等,当其指人时,关系词用who等,具体示例如下：
He admired those who looked beautiful.他很喜欢那些看上去很美的人.(指人)
He admired those which looked beautiful.他很喜欢那些看上去很美的东西.(指物)
(错)He admired that who danced well.(that不能指人)
(对)He admired those who danced well.他赞赏跳舞好的人.(those可指人)
如何选择定语从句的引导词
一看指人还是物，二看介词在何处;
三看句中作何用，四看是否属特殊。
现将四句口诀分述如下：
“一看指人还是物”：指人时用who，whom;whose和that既可指人又可指物;which只能指物。that和which在句中作主语或宾语;在非正式文体中，作宾语的whom，which或that可省略。
【高考链接】
The old town has narrow streets and small houses _____ are built close to each other.
A. they B. where C. what D. that
答案：D。
解析：分析句子结构可知，空格处及后面部分为定语从句，先行词small houses为物，故用that引导定语从句，that在定语从句中作主语。
“二看介词在何处”：介词置于从句之首还是置于从句的其他地方，引导词的使用有区别。当介词置于从句之首时，若指人，介词之后只能用whom而不能用who和that;若指物，则只能用which而不能用that。
【经典例析】
试比较以下两句：
1. Do you know the woman with whom I shook hands at the school gate?
2. Do you know the woman whom I shook hands with at the school gate?
第一句中介词with置于定语从句之首，其后的whom不可以替换成who或that，也不能省略;第二句中的引导词whom作介词with的宾语，可替换为who或that，也可省略。
“三看句中作何用”：如何选用定语从句中的引导词，关键是要看引导词在从句中充当什么成分。若作主语，则在who，that或which之中选择;若作定语，则用whose;若作状语，则在when，where，why之中挑选。
【高考链接】
The prize will go to the writer _____ story shows the most imagination.
A. that B. which
C. whose D. what
答案：C。
解析：whose引导定语从句，且在从句中作定语，修饰story;whose story相当于the story of whom。
“四看是否属特殊”：定语从句中引导词的使用还要注意一些特殊情况，如who与that均可指人，which和that均可指物，但这些引导词在具体的语言环境中有区别，不能换用。
【经典例析】
1. This is the first time that I’ve been to the museum, which I have been looking forward to for many years.
当先行词被序数词修饰时，引导词只能用that而不用which。
2. Those who are studying in our school can borrow five books at a time.
为避免重复，先行词为指人的that或those时，引导词用who而不用that。
3. Such magazines as you bought last time are well worth reading.
such ... as，the same ... as属于固定搭配。
最后，我们再用一则歌谣帮助大家巩固关系词在定语从句中的一般用法。
关系词，引定从，它们的用法各不同。
that可作主、宾用，指人指物它都行;
which 通常指物用，主语、宾语它也能;
who和whom指人用，分作主、宾要弄清;
whose一词它真行，修饰人、物都管用;
时间状语应用when，地点状语where行，
要问原因为什么，关系副词why最清;
as一词属特殊，常与such，the same连用，
修饰全句或部分，常常用作主或宾。
those后接定语从句的四大类型 篇4
基本释义
adj.& pron. that的复数
adj. 那些的，那
n. 那，那个（ that的名词复数）；
（指较远的人或事物）那；
（指已提到过或已知的人或事物）那；
（特指）那
反义词
pron. 那些 there
例句
1.What are those for?
那些 是干嘛用的？
2.Libya and saudi arabia were among those invited.
利比亚和沙特阿拉伯也在邀请之 列。
3.Those elected will serve for two years.
当选者任期为两年。
4.Those are your hands?
那 是你的手？
常用短语
1.one of those things命中注定的事...
2.one of those days倒霉的一天
3.in those days在过去
4.those days那些日子
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