英语定语从句语法顺口溜
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英语语法顺口溜：定语从句7---As/which/So /such …that
As/which在句末，若有否定as错;
as和 which都可指代前面一句话，请看例句:
1)Alice received an invitation from her boss, which came as a surprise.
爱丽丝受到了她老板的邀请，这使她感到吃惊。
2)The weather turned out to be very good, which was more than we could expect.
天气结果变好了，这是我们没有预料到的。
若有否定as错;
3)The result of the experiment was very good, _______ we hadn't expected.
A. when B. that C. which D. what
【简析】答案是C。由于非限定性定语从句是否定结构，只能用which引导，不能用as来替代which。
句首只能用as,还有认知猜想词;
置于句首时，非限定性定语从句只能用as引导。
例如：
As is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.
众所周知，月亮每月绕地球一周。
与表示认知猜想的词，如know, expect, see, report, 连用时，要用as。
1)As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health.
我们知道，吸烟对健康有害。
2)As is expected, his daughter entered a key university.
正如人们所期望的那样，他的女儿考入了一所重点大学。
固定结构用as, the same /such/so/as;
1) 在the same …as….结构中。意思是 “像……一样的`”。 例如：
Chongqing is not the same city as we have seen in other places.
重庆和我们在其它地方看过的城市不一样。
注意区分: the same ….that….,请看例句：
This is the same pen that I lost. 这正是我所丢的钢笔。(同一)
This is the same pen as I lost. 这支钢笔和我丢的那支一样。(相似，不是一个)
2)在as...as结构中，意思是“像……那样的”。例如：
No period in history has had as many important changes _______ have taken place in the past century. 没有哪个历史阶段像过去的一个世纪这样有如此多的重大变化。
3)在such…as…结构中, 意思是“像……那样的”。例如：
Mathilde had to work hard day and night and bought such a diamond necklace as she had lost to pay back to Jeanne.
马帝尔德不得不日日夜夜地干活，来买一个像被她丢掉的那样的钻石项链还给让。
So /such …that宾不离，so/such…as宾要弃;
在so/such…that结构中，that后引导的不是定语从句，而是状语从句，从句中必须有宾语;在so/such…as结构中， as后引导的是定语从句，从句中不带宾语。
例如：
1)He studies in such a good school that all other students in his village admire him.
他在那样好的一所学校学习，以至于村子里其他的学生都很羡慕他。
解析：that后是状语从句，状语从句中有宾语him。
2)He studies in such a good school as all other students in his village admire.
他在那样好的一所学校学习，村里的其它学生都很羡慕那所学校。
解析：as后是定语从句,as代替先行词school,在定语从句中做admire的宾语。
初中英语定语从句知识点：关系代词引导的定语从句
1.who指人，在从句中做主语
(1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One.
(2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.
2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。
(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about.
注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。
(3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend.
3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略
(1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. ( which 在句子中做主语)
(2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. ( which 在句子中做宾语)
4. that指人时，相当于who或者whom;指物时，相当于which。
在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。
(5) The people that/who come to visit the city are all here. (在句子中做主语)
(6) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning (在句子中做宾语)
5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语
(1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor.
(2) I lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.
whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替
(3)The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.
=The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.
(5)Do you like the book whose color is yellow
=Do you like the book the color of which is yellow
返回：初中英语知识点详解——定语从句篇
初中英语定语从句知识点：关系副词引导的定语从句
1.关系副词也可以引导定语从句
关系副词在从句中分别表示时间.地点或原因。关系副词when在从句中充当时间状语，where 充当地点状语，why充当原因状语。
2. that可引导定语从句表示时间.地点或原因
That有时可以代替关系副词 when, where 或者why引导定语从句表示时间.地点或原因，在 that引导的这种定语从句中，that也可以省去。
1.二者差异比较
限制定语从句紧跟先行词，同先行词这间一般不加逗号，仅修饰先行词，可以由关系代词.关系副词或that来引导。非限制性定语从句仅作补充或说明，用逗号与主句隔开，既可修饰先行词，又可修饰整个主句，不可用that引导。
2.关系代词和关系副词的选择依据
弄清代替先行词的关系词在从句中作什么成分,作状语的应选用关系副词，作主语.宾语或表语的可选用关系代词。
3. 先行词与定语从句隔离
定语从句一般紧跟在先行词之后，但定语从句与先行词之间有时也会插入别的成分，构成先行词与定语从句的隔离。例如：
1) This is the article written by him that Is poke to you about.
2) He was the only person in this country who was invited.
As
1.
(1)assuch the same
(2)as which
The elephant's nose is like a snake, as anybody can see.
(3)the same… that the same …as
2.As
as.which
(1) As is expected, the England team won the football match.
(2) The earth runs around the sun, as is known by everyone.
——
初中英语定语从句知识点：that在定语从句中的用法
(1)不用that的情况
(a) 在引导非限定性定语从句时。
(错)The tree, that is four hundred years old, Is very famous here.
(b) 介词后不能用。
We depend on the land from which we get our food.
We depend on the land that/which we get our food from.
(2) 只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况
(a) 在there be 句型中，只用that，不用which。
(b) 在不定代词，如：anything, nothing, the one, all等作先行词时，只用that，不用which。
(c) 先行词有the only, the very,the same,the last,just修饰时，只用that。
(d) 先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时，只用that,不能用which。.
(e) 先行词既有人，又有物时。
(f) 先行词指物，在主句中作表语时.
(g) 为了避免重复.
(h)先行词是the way或the reason时，that可作关系副词，也可省略
(i) 主句的主语是疑问词who /which时
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