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初中英语定语从句的详细解析

时间:2021-07-06 09:54:40 英语 我要投稿

初中英语定语从句的详细解析

  定语从句(Attributive Clauses)在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。

初中英语定语从句的详细解析

  关系代词有:who,whom,whose,that,which等。

  关系副词有:when,where,why等。

  关系代词引导的定语从句

  关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。

  1)who,whom,that

  这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下:

  Is he the man who/that wants to see you?他就是想见你的'人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)

  He is the man whom/that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)

  2)Whose

  用来指人或物,(只用作定语,若指物,它还可以同of which互换),例如:

  They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。

  Please pass me the book whose(of which)cover is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书。

  3)which,that

  它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等,例如:

  A prosperity which/that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。(which/that在句中作宾语)

  The package(which/that)you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.你拿的包快散了。(which/that在句中作宾语)

  关系副词引导的定语从句

  关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语。

  1)when,where,why

  关系副词when,where,why的含义相当于\"介词+which\"结构,因此常常和\"介词+which\"结构交替使用,例如:

  There are occasions when(on which)one must yield.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。

  Beijing is the place where(in which)I was born.北京是我的出生地。

  Is this the reason why(for which)he refused our offer?这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗?

  2)that代替关系副词

  that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when,where,why和\"介词+which\"引导的定语从句,在口语中that常被省略,例如:

  His father died the year(that/when/in which)he was born.他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。

  He is unlikely to find the place(that/where/in which)he lived forty years ago.他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。

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