定语从句有介词用that

　　定语从句中,介词后面能不能加that，定语从句that的用法是如何的呢？

　　定语从句的关系代词that的用法:

　　若先行词指人或物则代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语或宾语

　　The animal that which is lost is a panda.

　　先行词指物代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语

　　She is the person that who we are worried about.

　　先行词指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语

　　注意1 that which在代物时常常可以通用,但有时只宜于用which ,不用that

　　(1) 关系代词前有介词时.

　　This is the hotel in which you will stay.

　　(2) 如有两个定语从句,其中一句的关系代词是that,另一句宜于用which.

　　Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the liberary which was newly open (新开放) to us.

　　注意2that which在代物时常常可以通用,但有时只宜于用that ,不用which.

　　(1) 先行词是形容词最高级或者它的前面有形容词最高级时

　　This is the best that has been used against air pollution(反对空气污染) in cities.

　　English is the most difficult subject that you will learn during these years.

　　(2) 先行词是序数词,或它的前面有一个序数词时

　　He is the last person that I want to see.

　　(3) 主句中已有疑问词时

　　Which is the bike that you lost?

　　(4) 先行词既有人又有物时

　　The bike and its rider that had run over (撞倒了)an old man were taken to the police station.

　　(5) 先行词是all,much,little,something,everything,anything,nothing,none,the one等代词时

　　You should hand in all that you have.

　　We haven’t got much that we can offer you.

　　I mean the one that you talked about just now.

　　(6) 先行词前面有only,any,few,little,no,all,one of,the same,the very等词修饰时

　　The only thing that we can do is to give you some money.

　　Li Ming is the only one that got full marks (满分)in our class.

　　Li Ming is one of the students that want to be teachers in our class.

　　(7) 有两个定语从句,其中一个关系代词已用which,另外一个宜用that

　　Edison built up a factory(办了一个工厂) which produced things that had never been seen before.

　　定语从句的关系副词 Where的用法:若先行词指地点且其在定语从句中充当地点状语.

　　This is the house+I was born in the house.(=I was born there)

　　介词短语副词

　　=This is the house where I was born.这就是我在那儿出生的房子.

　　先行词关系副词

　　in which I was born.

　　介词+关系代词

　　which I was born in.

　　关系代词

　　这里作介宾的which和that可以省略

　　that I was born in

　　关系代词.

　　that用作先行词时后接定语从句的用法(that which型)

　　当代词that用作先行词后接定语从句时，定语从句通常用关系代词which来引导。如：

　　We have that which we need.我们需要的'东西都有了。

　　That which I say and do is my own affair.我说什么做什么是我自己的事。

　　The true cost often differs from that which had first been projected.实际成本经常与最初计划的有所不同。

　　What is that which you have just stuffed into the plastic cup?你刚才塞在塑料杯里的是什么东西?

　　They say the only real knowledge is that which can be measured.据说唯一真实的知识是可以检验的知识。

　　但that which这一说法相当正式，在现代英语中通常改用what。如：

　　That which (=What) many people say is not always true.很多人说的话并不表示一定是真的。

　　顺便说一句，that后可接定语从句，但this后习惯上不接定语从句。

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