状语从句和定语从句怎么用

　　状语从句和定语从句怎么用？你弄懂了没有？许多人并不是很清楚了解，以下是小编整理的相关用法，欢迎阅读。

　　状语从句用法

　　1. adverbial clause of time时间状语从句: 常用的连接副词：

　　when, as, while, before, after, since, till (until), hardly…when, No sooner… than, every time, directly, immediately, whereupon, the minute, the moment, the instant,

　　e.g. I had hardly / scarcely got home when it began to rain.

　　I had no sooner got home than it began to rain.

　　The instant I got home, it began to rain.

　　注意：当hardly, scarcely或no sooner置于句首,句子必须用倒装结构：

　　--Hardly（Scarcely） had I got home when it began to rain.

　　--No sooner had I got home than it began to rain

　　2. adverbial clause of place地点状语从句: 常用的连接副词：

　　where, wherever, everywhere, anywhere, as far as

　　e.g.

　　Wuhan lies where the Yangtze and Han River meet.

　　The river stretched away as far as he could see. 这条河他一眼看不到尽头.

　　Everywhere (wherever) you go, people are much the same.

　　Where I live,there are plenty of trees.

　　Wherever I am,I will be thinking of you.

　　3. adverbial clause of cause 原因:

　　because, as, knowing that, seeing that, for fear that, on the ground(s) (that), now that, for the reason that, by reason that,

　　e.g.

　　She is suing for divorce because her husband deserted her and the child.

　　This machine differs from the other one as it is more powerful.

　　We succeeded by reason that we are better organized.

　　The doctor looks sleepy simply because he sat up all night with the patient.

　　The doctor looks tired not because he isn’t feeling well, but because he sat up all late last night.

　　4. adverbial clause of condition条件:

　　if, unless, provided (that)/ providing (that), suppose (that) / supposing (that), as long as, in case, Given (that)

　　e.g.

　　In case the house burns down, we’ll get the insurance money.

　　As long as we don't lose heart, we’ll find a way to overcome the difficulty.

　　If it is possible, call the doctor.

　　If it is necessary, call me. 省略谓语

　　Your guess is nothing, if (it is) not correct.

　　provided (that)/ providing (that), suppose (that)/ supposing (that)

　　e.g. Suppose (that)/ Supposing (that) he is out, what shall I do next?

　　Supposing (that) / Suppose (that) he is out, what shall I do next?

　　I will agree to go provided (that) / providing (that) my expenses are paid.假如为我负担费用,我就同意去.

　　Given that the earthquake has damaged severely, we still try to enable the survivors to be as independent as possible.

　　Given (the fact) that ordinary people are bombarded by all different kinds of ads, selecting a suitable product is not that easy.(受到轰炸般的广告宣传)

　　5. adverbial clause of purpose (result and degree): 目的状语从句与结果、程度状语从句的比较

　　1 ）目的状语从句 so that, in order that, for fear that, in case that, lest that, in the hope that, for (on) purpose that, to the end that 等

　　e.g. She word so carefully that it might not cause any misunderstanding. 她很小心地讲话,生怕产生误会.

　　She word very carefully on purpose that it might not cause any misunderstanding.

　　2）结果、程度状语从句 so ..that; such…that, 等

　　e.g.

　　--You must speak louder so that (in order that) you can be heard by all.

　　--He wrote the name down for fear that (lest that) he should forget it. 他写下名字,以免忘记.

　　--You’d better take more clothes in case the weather is cold. 你最好多带衣服,以防天冷.

　　6. adverbial clause of result or degree结果:

　　such that, to such an extent, to such a degree, with the result that

　　e.g.

　　I was in the bath, with the result that I didn’t hear the knock at the door.

　　It was such good news that I could not believe it at first. 这么好的消息,一开始我简直不能相信

　　The temperature lowed to such an extent (a degree) that the water froze.

　　The situation is such that agreement is unlikely. 这种形式下是不可能达成一致的.

　　The topics were such that they all had something to write about.这些题目对他们来说都有东西写.

　　7. adverbial clause of concession让步:

　　1) though, although, as “虽然”, 尽管； (倒装时用 as, though)

　　2) even if, even though “即使”

　　3) wh__ever “无论……”

　　4) no matter + 疑问词, “无论……”

　　5) whether …. or…. “不管…都…”

　　1) though, although, as 表示 “虽然”；

　　(A) 正常语序：

　　注意：不能与but 同时使用；但是 though 和 yet 可以同时使用.

　　-- Although it's raining, they are still working in the field.

　　-- He is very old, but he still works very hard.

　　-- Though the sore be healed, yet a scar may remain. 伤口虽愈合,但伤疤留下了.（谚语）

　　(B) Inverted 倒装语序：

　　倒装句中用as / though引导让步状语从句,但不能用although.表语或状语提前（形容词、副词、分词、实义动词提前）

　　e.g.

　　Tired as (though) he was, he climbed away from the seaside.

　　Come what may, we’ll always stand by you. 无论发生了什么,我们都会支持你.

　　(= No matter what may come, ……) (= Whatever may come, …..)

　　Say what you will, I won’t change my mind.

　　(=No matter what you will say, …..) (=Whatever you will say, …..)

　　Try as I might, I couldn’t lift the stone.

　　Notice：

　　a.名词在句首不能带任何冠词.

　　Child as (though) he was, he knew what was the right thing to do.

　　= Though he was a small child, he knew what was the right thing to do.

　　b.句首是实义动词,助动词倒装.

　　Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.

　　= Though he tries hard, he never seems…

　　虽然他尽了努力,但他的工作总做的不尽人意.

　　c. 倒装句不能用although

　　2) even if, even though 表示“即使”; even if与even though有区别：

　　even if 引导把握不大或假设的事情; even though 引出的是事实.

　　e.g.

　　Even if we achieve great success in our work, we should not be proud.

　　即使我们在工作中取得了巨大成绩,也不应该自满.

　　Even though he knows it, he’ll not let out the secret.（他知道这个秘密）

　　Even though he was late, he was not criticized by the teacher．

　　虽然他晚了, 可他并没有受到老师的批评.

　　3) wh__ever 表示“无论……”

　　4) “no matter +疑问词”: “无论…”

　　-- Whatever happened, he would not mind.

　　--No matter what happened, he would not mind.

　　替换：no matter what = whatever no matter who = whoever

　　no matter when = whenever no matter where = wherever

　　no matter which = whichever no matter how = however

　　5) whether…or- 无论…都…; 不管……还是…..

　　e.g.

　　Whether you believe it or you do not believe it,it will happen tomorrow.

　　Whether you believe it or not. It‘s true. 无论你是否相信.这都是真的.

　　I show everything on my face, whether (I am) angry or pleased.

　　I would like to buy it, no matter how much it cost.

　　8) adverbial clause of manner方式: as, as if (as though), (in) the way, what

　　(1) as “正如”, “按照……的方式(样子, 办法)”, 常位于主句之后

　　e.g. Always do to the others as you would be done by. 你希望人家怎样待你,你就要怎样待人.

　　Men fear death as children fear the dark.

　　You must try to hold the tool as I do. 你必须像我这样拿工具

　　Leave the things as they are. 别动这些东西

　　We must do as the Party tells us (to do). 我们必须按照党的指示办事

　　(2) 在(just) as…so…位于句首时,为比喻的.含义"正如…","就像".

　　e.g.（Just）as we sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds.

　　正如打扫房屋一样,我们也要扫除我们头脑中落后的东西

　　(Just)As water is to fish, so air is to man. 我们离不开空气,犹如鱼儿离不开水.

　　在even as …so: inversion用倒装,意为：“即使..会.., 但是还会..”

　　e.g. Even as love crowns you so shall he crucify you. 即使爱会帮你加冕,但是它也会将你钉在十字架上.

　　Even as he is for your growth so is he for your pruning. 即使他会助你成长,但是也会像修剪花木一般对你.

　　(3) as conjunctions

　　e.g. Air is to man as (what) water is to fish. (in the same manner as)人需要空气,就像鱼儿需要水一样.

　　Men fear death as (what) children fear dark. 大人怕死,就像孩子怕黑一样.

　　Man is inclined to do evil as (what) water is inclined to flow down. 凡人都会犯错,就像水要往下流一样.

　　She played with him as a cat would (play) with a mouse.

　　He climbed Mount Everest (just) as you would (clime) a ladder.

　　An individual is to a community ____ a screw is to a machine.

　　A. which B. that C. what (as) D. where

　　(4) used with past participles (P.P.)

　　e.g. As (it is) expected, the conference will go on. 正如会议被期望的那样,会议将继续.

　　We met on Jan as (it was) scheduled. 我们如期一月见了面.

　　(5) as it is, as it was 实际上; as it were 似乎

　　e.g. Describe the accident as it was.

　　He speaks, as it were, for your benefit. (but he doesn’t.)

　　定语从句用法

　　1.非限定性定语从句只能用which不用that

　　2.that代替关系副词

　　that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when,where,why和"介词+ which"引导的定语从句,在口语中that常被省略,

　　例如：His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born.

　　他父亲在他出生那年逝世了.

　　He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago.

　　他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方.x09

　　3.that前不能有介词4.只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况

　　a) 在there be 句型中,只用that,不用which.

　　b) 在不定代词,如：anything,nothing,the one,all,much,few,any,little等作先行词时,只用that,不用which.

　　c) 先行词有the only,the very修饰时,只用that. x09

　　d) 先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时,只用that..

　　e) 先行词既有人,又有物时.

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