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定语从句用who whom

时间:2021-07-06 13:52:40 英语 我要投稿

定语从句用who whom

  引导的定语从句的用法 who、 whom 可以引导定语从句, 修饰表示人的先行词,那么,定语从句who whom怎样用?

  1、关系代词引导的定语从句

  1)who,whom,that

  这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下:

  Ishethemanwho/thatwantstoseeyou?(who/that在从句中作主语)

  Heisthemanwhom/thatIsawyesterday.(whom/that在从句中作宾语)

  2)Whose用来指人或物,(只用作定语,若指物,它还可以同ofwhich互换),

  例如:

  Theyrushedovertohelpthemanwhosecarhadbrokendown.Pleasepassmethebookwhose(ofwhich)coverisgreen.

  3)which,that

  它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等,例如:

  Aprosperitywhich/thathadneverbeenseenbeforeappearsinthecountryside.(which/that在句中作宾语)

  Thepackage(which/that)youarecarryingisabouttocomeunwrapped.(which/that在句中作宾语)

  关系代词that和which都可以指物,that和Who都可以指人,其用法区别:

  1)不用that的情况

  a)在引导非限定性定语从句时

  (错)Thetree,thatisfourhundredyearsold,isveryfamoushere.

  b)介词后不能用

  Wedependonthelandfromwhichwegetourfood.

  c)多用who的情况

  ①关系代词在从句中做主语

  Afriendwhohelpsyouintimeofneedisarealfriend.

  ②先行词为those,people时

  Thosewhowereeitherfoolsorunfitfortheirofficescouldnotseethecloth.

  ③先行词为all,anyone,ones,one指人时

  Onewhodoesn’tworkhardwillneversucceedinhiswork.

  ④在Therebe句型中

  Thereisastrangerwhowantstoseeyou.

  ⑤在被分隔的定语从句中

  AnewteacherwillcometomorrowwhowillteachyouGerman.

  ⑥在有两个定语从句的句子中,其一用who,其二用that,但若先行词后接两个以上的并列定语从句时,后一个必须重复前一个关系代词。

  Thestudentwhowaspraisedatthemeetingisthemonitorthatisverymodestandstudiesveryhard.

  Thereisateacherwhoisalwaysreadytohelpothersandwhoenjoyswhathedoes.

  2)只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的'情况

  a)在不定代词,如:anything,nothing,everything,all,much,few,any,little等作先行词时,只用that,不用which。

  Allthatisneededisasupplyofoil.

  Finally,thethiefhandedeverythingthathehadstolentothepolice.

  b)先行词有theonly,thevery,thejust修饰时,只用that。

  Heistheverymanthathelpedthegirloutofthewater.

  c)先行词为序数词(thelast)、数词、形容词最高级时,只用that。.

  ThefirstEnglishbookthatIreadwas“ThePrinceandthePauper”byMarkTwin.

  d)先行词既有人,又有物时。

  Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschoolsthathevisited.

  e)当主句是以who或which开始的特殊疑问句时,用that以避免重复。

  Whoisthepersonthatisstandingatthegate.

  f)关系代词在从句中做表语

  Heisnotthemanthatheusedtobe.

  2、关系副词引导的定语从句

  关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点、方式或理由的名词,在从句中作状语。

  1)when,where,why,how

  关系副词when,where,why,how的含义相当于"介词+which"结构,因此常常和"介词+which"结构交替使用,例如:

  Thereareoccasionswhen(onwhich)onemustyield.

  Beijingistheplacewhere(inwhich)Iwasborn.

  Isthisthereasonwhy(forwhich)herefusedouroffer?

  I’msurprisedthewayhow(bywhich)heworksouttheproblem.

  注意:

  ①在非限制性定语从句中,"介词+which"结构不能代替关系副词。

  如:Theysetupastatefortheirown,wheretheywouldbefreetokeepNegroesasslaves.

  ②含有介词短语的动词一般不能拆开,介词仍放在动词后面。

  Isthisthebookwhich(that)shewaslookingfor?

  3、名词/数词/代词/形容词最高级+介词+关系代词引导定语从句

  Shehaswrittenabook,thenameofwhichIhaveforgotten.

  Therearefifty-fivestudentsinourclass,allofwhomareworkinghard.

  Therearefivecontinentsintheworld,thelargestofwhichisAsia.

  4、as,which引导非限定性定语从句的差别:

  由as,which引导的非限定性定语从句,as和which可代整个主句,相当于andthis或andthat。As一般放在句首,which在句中。

  Asweknow,smokingisharmfultoone'shealth.

  Thesunheatstheearth,whichisveryimportanttous.

  as可引导非限制性从句,常带有'正如'的意思。

  Asisknow,smokingisharmfultoone'shealth.

  用法区别:

  (1)as引导的定语从句可置于句首,而which不可。

  Asweallknow,heneversmokes.

  (2)as代表前面的整个主句并在从句中作主语时,从句中的谓语必须是系动词;若为行为动词,则从句中的关系代词只能用which.。

  (3)非限定性定语从句中出现expect,think,suppose等表示猜测、想象、预料等时。

  Shesucceededinherdoingtheresearchwork,asweexpected.

  (4)As的用法thesame…as;such…as中的as是一种固定结构,和……一样……。

  Ishouldliketousethesametoolasisusedhere.

  Weshouldhavesuchadictionaryasheisusing.

  这个是复制来的,有点多

  简单说呢就是who——人,whom——人的宾格(作宾语),that/which——事物

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