as可以引导的定语从句
导语:英语单词as可作关系代词,下面小编讲解as可以引导的定语从句,欢迎参考。
as作关系代词时,引导定语从句在从句中充当主语、宾语、介词宾语或表语,既可以指人,也可以指物。
(1)as引导定语从句时,有如下结构:“the same …as”,“such …as”, “as…as”“so many (much, few, little)…as”,译作“像……一样的人(或物)”。例如:
This is such an easy novel as you can read.
这本小说很容易,你能读得懂。
They have never read so many books as I read last year.
他们从来都没有读过像我去年读过的那些书。
(2)as单独引导定语从句时,修饰整个主句或主句中的一部分,可以放在句首、句中或句末。当as在从句中作主语时,从句的谓语通常是被动语态或系表结构;as在从句中作宾语时,从句的谓语常用“情态动词+动词原形”构成。常见的结构如下:
as is known to all 众所周知
as has been said above 如上所述
as was expected 正如预料的那样
as has been pointed out 正如指出的那样
as we all can see (know, hear)正如大家看到的(知道的、听到的)那样。例如:
As is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.
众所周知,月球每个月绕地球转一周。
引导限制性定语从句:
用在 such, same, as 等之后,引导限制性定语从句。如:
I live in the same place as Tom does. 我和汤姆住在同处。
He’s not such a fool as he looks. 他并不像看上去的那样愚蠢。
He smokes as expensive a cigarette as he can afford. 他抽一种他买得起的最贵的烟。
引导非限制性定语从句:
(2) 单独用作关系代词,引导非限制性定语从句,可放在主句之前、之后或中间,且主从句之间一般要用逗号隔开。如:
As was expected, he succeeded at last. 正如我们所料,他终于成功了。
I had coffee after dinner, as is my usual practice. 我饭后喝咖啡,这是我的.习惯。
Freddie, as might be expected, was attending the conference. 弗雷迪在参加会议,这是可以预料到的。
as与which的用法区别:
① 引导限制性定语从句的区别:as用作关系代词引导限制性定语从句时,它通常只用于 such, same, as 等之后,而which 用作关系代词引导限制性定语从句时,则用于除 such, same, as 之外的其他结构。
② 引导非限制性定语从句的区别:which引导非限制性定语从句时,通常只能位于主句后,而as引导的非限制性定语从句位于主句之前、之后或中间。
根据从句谓语动词的特点来看,as在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语通常要有be或别的系动词,但which不受此限制。如:
Li Ming was late, which (=and this) made Mr. Zhang very angry. 李明迟到了,这件事使张先生非常生气。(不可用as)
根据句意的逻辑性来看,as引导的定语从句只表示一个众所周知或意料之中的事,但which不受此限制。如:
He married her, as [which] was natural. 他和她结婚了,这是很自然的。
He married her, which was unexpected. 他和她结婚了,这是出乎意料的。(不可用as)
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