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定语从句宾语省略
定语从句宾语省略的情况是怎样的?为了让同学们更加了解,下面是小编收集整理的定语从句宾语省略,希望能够帮助到大家。
关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时可以省略
1. 当关系代词在从句中担任动词宾语的时候
The people (who) we met at the party were very friendly to us.
2. 关系代词在从句中作介词,而介词在句尾时
Here is the man (that) you have been looking for.
3. 关系代词在从句中作表语时
Shang Hai is no longer the city (that) it used to be.
4. 在there be句型中,和先行词为way时,关系代词总是省略
There is an old man (who ) wants to see you.
I don’t like the way (that) you talk to somebody else.
我们知道,关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时可以省略,但也有几种特殊情况,关系代词不用作宾语也可以省略,同学们学习和使用时请注意。
在下列情况下,引导宾语从句的关联词可以省略。
一、that在定语从句中作表语时。例如:
She is all (that) a teacher should be. 她具备一个老师应该具备的所有条件。
二、that在从句中作补语时。例如:
Im not the fool(that) you thought me. 我不是你以前所认为的那个傻子了。
He is the nicest teacher (that) the students consider him in their school. 他就是学生认为学校中最好的那个老师。
三、作状语时的省略。
1. 当先行词是reason,且在定语从句中作原因状语时,可以用关系副词why或关系代词that,也可以省略。例如:
The reason (why/that) he failed was his laziness. 他失败的原因是因为他懒惰。
That is the reason I did it. 那就是我做那件事的原因。
2. 当先行词是way,且在定语从句中作方式状语时,关联词可用in which或that,也可以省略。例如:
The way(in which/ that) these comrades look at problems is wrong.这些同志看待问题的方式是错误的。
That was the way(in which / that) she worked the problem out. 她就是用那种办法解决问题的。
3. 当先行词是time时,关联词可用when, that或省略。例如:
The second time (that) I saw him was in 2000. 我第二次见到他是在2000年。
I dont know the exact time (when/ that) the sports meeting will take place. 我不知道运动会举办的确切时间。
4.当先行词是place时,关联词可用where,that或省略。例如:
The place(where/ that) we will have our picnic is not decided yet. 我们举行野餐的地点还没定下来。
This is the right place he was born.这儿就是他的出生地。(注意:句末不可用介词in)
同学们往往认为关系代词作宾语时就一定可以省略,其实不然.在下列四种情况下,关系代词虽作宾语,却不能省略。
一、在介词+whom /which结构中, whom, which不能省略。例如:
Do you know any shops nearby in which I can buy flowers?你知道附近有可以买到花的商店吗?
That is the headmaster with whom my father was talking just now.刚才和我爸爸交谈的那个人是校长。
二、在非限制性定语从句中,作宾语的关系代词也不能省略。例如:
Mr Green, whom you know, is the tallest in our school. 格林先生是我们学校里最高的,你也认识他。
The elephant is like a spear, as anyone can see. 大象像长矛,任何人都知道。
三、在the same ... as, such ... as, as ... as, the same... that结构中, as, that 即使作宾语,也不能省略。例如:
I have bought the same bike as you (have). (指同类用as)我买了一辆和你的一样的自行车。
This is the same book that I read the day before yesterday. 这就是我前天读过的那本书。(关系代词that如要换成as, 则指与我读的书一样,而不是同一本。)
四、当and, but, or等连词连接两个或两个以上的定语从句修饰一个先行词时,关系代词第一个可省略,第二、第三个等不可省略。例如:
This is the book (which) I read yesterday and which I found very interesting. 这就是我昨天读的那本书,它很有趣。
定语从句中的省略问题
定语从句中关系词省略的6种情形关系词有时可以省略,但这只限于限制性定语从句中,在非限制性定语从句中,关系词则不可省略。
一、关系代词作宾语时的省略
当关系代词who, whom, which和that在定语从句中用作动词宾语或介词位于句末时的介词宾语时,可以省略。如:在定语从句中用作动词宾语或介词位于句末时的介词宾语时,可以省略。如:Is there anything (which) you wanted?想要什么东西吗? Who is the man (that / who / whom) you were talking to?刚才和你讲话的人是谁?
二、关系代词作表语时的省略
当关系代词that在定语从句中用作表语时,可以省略。如:China is not the country (that) it was.中国已不是过去的中国了。(that作表语)
三、关系代词作宾补时的省略
当关系代词that在定语从句中用作宾语补足时,可以省略。如:I’m not the madman (that) you thought me.我并不是你所认为的那个疯子。(that作宾语补语)
四、关系副词when的省略
用作时间状语的关系副词when通常不能省略,但有一种特殊情况,即用于day, year, time等少数几个词后时可以省略(也可换成that)也可换成。如:That was the year (that) I first went abroad.就是那一年我第一次出国了。I’ll never forget the day (that) we met.我永远也忘不了我们见面的那一天。
五、关系副词where的省略
用作地点状语的关系副词where通常不能省略,但有一种特殊情况,即用于place, somewhere, anywhere, everywhere, nowhere少数几个词后时可以省略(也可换成that)。如:This is the place (where) they met yesterday.这就是他们昨天碰头的地方。Have you somewhere (that) I can lie down for an hour?你有没有一个什么地方可以让我躺一个小时?
六、关系副词why的省略
关系副词why通常只用于the reason后引导定语从句,且通常可换成that或for which,均可省略。如:That’s the reason (why, for which, that) he came.这就是他来的原因。
Give me one reason (why) we should help you.给我举出一个我们应当帮助你的理由。
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