雅思定语从句

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雅思定语从句

　　一、引导定语从句的关系词

　　指代人

　　who，whom，that

　　指代事物

　　which，that, as

　　所属关系

　　whose，of which

　　指地点

　　where

　　指时间

　　when

　　指原因

　　why

　　二、关系代词that和which在很多情况下可以互换，但下列情况只用that。

　　All that can be done has been done.

　　Do you have anything that you don’t understand ?

　　There is little that can be believed about it .

　　The book doesn’t say much that amuses children.

　　先行词是all ,everything,nothing,anything,something,much,little,none等不定代词，引导定语从句用that 。

　　Hamburg is the most beautiful city that I’ve ever seen.

　　This is the best TV that is made in China.

　　The first museum that he visited in China was the History Museum.

　　先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时，引导定语从句用that 。

　　I’ve read all the books that you lent me.

　　No sample that we nave received is satisfactory.

　　Please send us any information that you have about the subject.

　　He is the only person that was present at the time.

　　先行词被any,some,no,much,few,little,every,all,very,only,last修饰时，引导定语从句用that 。

　　The famous writer and his works that the radio broadcast have aroused great interest among the students.

　　A victim is a person,animal or thing that suffers pain,death,harm,etc.

　　先行词中既有人又有事物时，引导定语从句用that .

　　Who that you have ever seen can do it better ?

　　Who that you are talking to is the young fellow ?

　　Who做先行词时，引导定语从句用that 。

　　三、不用that，而用which，who，whom的情况

　　He made the same mistakes again ,which made his parents very angry.

　　Yesterday I bought a dictionary,which cost me more than 100 yuan .

　　Mr Smith,who gave a talk several months ago,will come again.

　　My uncle has come back from abroad,whom I haven’t met for along time.

　　在非限制性定语从句中，指事物用which，指人用who或whom。

　　Her bag ,in which she put all her money,has been stolen.

　　This is the ring on which she spent 1000 dollars.

　　Xiao Wang ,with which I went to the concert, enjoy it very much.

　　在介词后面，指事物用which，指人用whom。

　　四、Where 引导的.定语从句

　　先行词是表示地点的名词或含有地点意义的抽象名词，用引导定语从句。从句做状语。

　　This is the town where (= in which ) I spent my childhood.

　　The table where (= at which ) she is sitting is a new one.

　　I’ll show you the paint where you failed.

　　注意 1:

　　若定语从句缺主语或谓语，用which或that引导定语从句。

　　The library where students often study was on fire last night.

　　The library,which was built in the 1930s,needs repairing.

　　The library which you visited yesterday was built in 1990.

　　注意 2: 区分where引导的定语从句和状语从句

　　Where前面有被修饰的地点名词时，是定语从句，否则是状语从句。

　　When you read books ,you had better make a mark at the spot where you have any questions.

　　When you read books , you had better make a mark where you have any questions.

　　五、When 引导的定语从句

　　先行词是表示时间的名词，用when引导定语从句。从句作状语。

　　I’ll never forget the day when (= on which ) I met you.

　　This was the time when ( =at which ) he left for Beijing .

　　We will put off the outing until next week, when we won’t be busy.

　　注意：

　　若定语从句缺主语或宾语，用which或that引导定语从句。

　　I’ll never forget the day when we first met in the park.

　　I’ll never forget the time which/that I sent on campus.

　　I’ll never forget the time which/that was spent with you.

　　六、why引导的定语从句

　　先行词是表示原因的名词，用引导定语从句。从句作状语。

　　This is the reason why ( = for which ) I didn’t come here.

　　The reason which/that she gave was not true.

　　七、whose引导的定语从句

　　表示所属关系。

　　The river whose banks are covered with trees flows ti the sea.

　　八、特别注意：如何判断介词

　　1、看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配

　　The girl for which he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.

　　He is the man on whom I think you can depend .

　　2、看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配

　　He referred me to some reference books with which I am not very familiar.

　　Dolphins might be trained to cooperate with fishermen and help them by finding or even catching fish, in all of which activities dolphins are expert.

　　3、根据先行次判断，所用的介词与先行词搭配

　　The rate at which wild animals are being destroyed has increased.

　　This is our classroom ,in the front of which there is a teacher’s desk.

　　4、名词/代词/数词+ of +which/whom

　　The committee consists of 20 members, 5 of whom are women.

　　The book contains 50 poems, most of which was written in 1930s.

　　There are two left, one of which is almost finished ,and the other of which is not quite.

　　I have a sentence , the meaning of which I don’t understand.

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