定语从句who和whom
定语从句(也称关系从句、形容词性从句),是指一类由关系词(英语:relative word)引导的从句,因为这类从句的句法功能多是做定语,所以曾被称为定语从句(英语:attributive clause),这类从句除了可以做定语之外,还可以充当状语等其他成分,所以现代语言学多使用“关系从句”这一术语。who和whom如何在定语从句中使用呢?下面是小编帮大家整理的定语从句who和whom,供大家参考借鉴,希望可以帮助到有需要的朋友。
定语从句who和whom 篇1
在定语从句中,关系代词who (whom) 和that都可指人和物,在一般情况下,可以互换使用,但在下列情况下值得注意:
一、用who (whom) 而不用that的情形
(1) 在非限制性定语从句中的先行词指人时,只能用who (whom)。
如:My sister, who is studying abroad, sent me a beautiful present just before this Christmas. 我姐姐,她在国外学习,就在圣诞节前给我寄来了漂亮的礼物。
(2) 当定语从句对指人的先行词进行隔位修饰时,只能用who (whom)。
如:Do you know the girl in front of the blackboard who is speaking to the students? 你认识黑板前面正在给学生们讲话的那位女孩子吗?
(3) 当先行词为people和those时,只能用who (whom)。
如:Those who want to go there come here please. 那些想去那儿的人请来这边。
(4) 当先行词为one, ones, anyone, everyone, none, all(指人) 时,只能用who (whom)。
如:Anyone who is against us is our enemy. 任何反对我们的人就是我们的敌人。
(5) 先行词指人,而关系代词在从句中作主语时,一般多用who。
如:The man who came here yesterday said he would come again in a few days. 昨天来这儿的那个人说过几天他会再来。
(6) 在there be句型中名词的定语从句多用who (whom)。
如:There are students in our class who / whom you have met. 我们班有些学生你见过。
(7) 当句子中有两个指人的现行词分别带有两个定语从句时,若一个定语从句的引导词为that, 那么,另一个定语从句的引导词必定为who。
如:The boy that you met just now is Li Ming’s brother who just graduated from a university. 刚才你会到的那个男孩是李明的刚从大学毕业的弟弟。
二、用that 而不用who (whom)的情形
(1) 当先行词前面有形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时,引导词只能用that。
如:The tallest player that plays football for our team is from Shandong. 在为我们队踢足球的最高哪个运动员来自山东。
(2) 当先行词前面有only, some, any, no, every, little, few, much, all, very形容词修饰时,引导词只能用that。如:
He is the only student that said “no” to the teacher. 他是唯一的一个对老师说“不”的学生
(3) 当主句是以who开头的特殊疑问句时,引导词只能用that。
如:Who is woman that you talked with just now? 刚才跟你谈话的那位妇女是谁?
(4) the same as 与 the same that
the same as所引导定语从句的内容与先行词同类而不同物;the same that表示所引导的从句内容与先行词同类同物,即:同一事物。
如:She is wearing the same coat that I lost a few days ago. 她正穿着我几天前所丢失的上衣。(暗含:她偷了我的上衣)
She is wearing the same coat as I lost a few days ago. 她正穿着跟我几天前所丢失的上衣同样的'上衣。(暗含:她所穿的上衣不是我所丢失的那一件)
定语从句who和whom 篇2
1、定义不同
who和whom都是人称代词,who为主格人称代词(Subject Pronoun), whom为宾格人称代词(Object Pronoun)
who, whom 用于指人,who 用作主语、宾语和表语,whom用作宾语。在口语中,有时可用who代替whom,who和whom做宾语时可省略。
例句:
The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.
经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。(who 作主语)
Who is the teacher (whom) Li Ming is talking to?
正在与李明谈话的老师是谁?(whom 作宾语)
2、用法不同
whom是who的宾语格式,只能做宾语。who 可以做主语,又可以做宾语。
例句:
Who has the biggest ears in your family?
(who 作主语)你们家谁的耳朵最大?
Whom did you invite?
(whom 是动词 invite “邀请”的承受者,作宾语)你邀请了谁?
3、介词提前,介词后必须用且只能用whom不用who
there is nobody to whom he can turn for help.这里引导词同样当宾语,但是位于介词to后,只能用whom,而不能用who(that同样不行)。
定语从句who和whom 篇3
who, whom在定语从句中的区别是:who指代人,在从句中作主语。whom也指代人,在从句中作宾语,此外当紧跟介词时只能用whom,不能用who。
1,who在定语从句中指代人,在从句中作主语。
例:They chose some men who knew how to make tools.
例:They also chose men who could speak English.
2, whom在定语从句中指代人,whom在从句中作宾语,此外当紧跟介词时只能用whom,不能用who。
例:The boy whom the teacher praised is good at math.
例:They chose young men, many of whom loved adventures.
例:These workers, 30% of whom have no experience, work together as a team.
需要注意的是:在口语中,定语从句中的whom可以用who代替,也可以省略掉。但是紧跟介词时只能用whom。
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