由when引导的定语从句
英语,最早被中世纪的英国使用,并因其广阔的殖民地而成为世界使用面积最广的语言。下面是小编为大家整理的由when引导的定语从句,欢迎阅读与收藏。
when 可以引导很多从句:
1.宾语从句:例如 I don`t know when he left here.我不知道他上面时候离开的.此时when作连接词引导宾语从句.
2.定语从句:例如 He left his hometown in that year when his father died.他在他父亲死的那一年离开了他的家乡.此时when作连词修饰that year,引导定语从句.
3.状语从句:例如 He will go to the doctor`s when it is sunny.当天晴时,他就会去看医生.此时when引导状语,意思是“当...时候”.
4.主语从句:例如When he left here is a question.他上面时候离开这儿的还没有人知道.此时when引导主语从句,意思是“什么时候”
附:由“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
1. 由“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句主要用于正式文体,在非正式文体中通常将介词放至句末。如:this is the man to whom i referred. 我指的就是这个人。this is the man (whom) i referred to. 我指的就是这个人。
2. 直接用于介词后作宾语的关系代词which不能换成that,直接用于介词后作宾语的关系代词whom不能换成who。但若介词用于句末,则用作宾语的which, whom也可换成that, who,或者省略不同。如:这是一个我们讨论了许多的问题。this is a subject about which we have talked a lot.(which不能换成that,也不能省略)this is a subject which we have talked about a lot. 这是一个我们讨论了许多的问题。(which可以换成that,也可以省略)
3. 关系副词when, where, why根据情况有时可换成“介词+关系代词which”。如: that is the day when [=on which] he was born. 那就是他出生的日子。that is the house where [=in which] he lived. 那就是他住过的房子。that is the reason why [=for which] he must apologize. 那就是他必须道歉的原因。
4. 在很正式的文体中,“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句可紧缩成“介词+关系代词+不定式”结构。如:在那儿孩子们有个玩耍的花园。正:there the children had a garden in which to play. (很正式)正:there the children had a garden in which they could play. (较正式)正:there the children had a garden to play in. (较口语化)注:这类“介词+关系代词++不定式”结构中的介词不能没有,也不能放在句末。如不能说there the children had a garden which to play in.
定语从句that
that常用作关系代词,可指代某人,也可指代某物,指物时有的时候可用which替换that,指人时可用who替换。但在下列情况下,一般用that。
一、that指代某物事时
1.先行词为all, few, little, much, the one, something, anything, everything, nothing等时。如:
(1)We'll do all that we can to protect the endangered plants and animals.
我们将尽我们的最大努力来保护那些濒危的动植物。
(2) There is much that I wan to tell you.
我有很多想要告诉你的话。
(3) Is there anything that I can do for you?
有什么我可以帮你的吗?
2. 先行词被all, every, no, some, any, (a)few, (a)little, much等限定词修饰时。如:
(4) You can borrow any book that you want to read in our school library.
在我们图书馆,你可以借任何你想读的书。
3. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。如:
(5)This is the most beautiful city that I've ever seen.
这是我见过的最漂亮的城市。
4. 先行词被the only, the very, the right, the last 等修饰时。如:
(6)This is the very factory that they visited last summer holiday.
这恰好是他们去年参观的那个工厂。
(7)This is the only painting in this style that we have.
这种风格的画我们仅有一幅。
5. 先行词是并列结构,既有人又有物时。如:
(8)He talked happily of the writer and his books that interested him.
6. 先行词前有the same 修饰,表示和先行词是同一物时。如:
(9)This is the same purse that I lost yesterday.
这就是我昨天丢的那个钱夹。
注:如果表示的.是与先行词同一类或相似的某物,则用the same…as….如:
(10)This is the same purse as I lost yesterday.
这个钱夹和我昨天丢的那个一样。
7. 先行词为数词时。
(11)Look at the books on the bookshelf. You can see the two that you bought me for my birthday.
瞧书架上那些书。你可以看到我过生日时你买的那两本。
8. 如果which引导的定语从句中又含有一个定语从句,为避免重复,第二个定语从句用that。如:
(12)They built a factory which produced things that had never been seen.
他们建了一工厂,生产以前从未见过的东西。
9. 以which作主语开头的特殊问句,为了避免重复,定语从句用that。如。
(13)Which is the bus that you will take?
你要乘的是哪一班车?
10. 关系代词在定语从句中作表语时,而且通常省略。如:
(14)My hometown is no longer the place that it used to be.
我的家乡再也不是以前那个样子了。
11. 关系代词在there be 句型中作主语时,而且常可以省略。如:
(15)This is the fastest train (that) there has ever been.
这是有史以来最快的列车。
二、that 指代某人时。
1. 泛指某人时。如:
(16)He is a man that is never at a loss.
他是一个从未一筹莫展的人。
2. 主句是以作主语的who开头的特殊问句,为了避免重复时。如:
(17)Who is the person that is talking with our headmaster?
和我们校长说话的那人是谁?
3. 先行词前有the same时。如:
(18)This is the same man that gave us a talk last year.
这和去年给我们作报告的是同一人。
4. 关系代词在定语从句中作表语时。如:
(19)He has changed. He was not the man (that) he was 10 years ago.
他变了。他再也不是10年前的他了。
另外,that也可用作关系副词,表示时间、地点、原因和方式,在口语中可以用来代替when, where, why 引导的定语从句。在以下名词day, year, time, moment, reason, place等作先行词时,可用that作关系副词引导定语从句。如:
(20)I'll never forget the day (that) I joined the League.
我永远不会忘记我入团的那一天。
(21)Is this the reason (that) they were late for the meeting?
这就是他们开会迟到的原因吗?
(22)We want to find a place (that) we can have a picnic.
我们想找一个我们能野餐的地方。
(23)This is the first time that I have been abroad for traveling.
这是我第一次到国外去旅游。
(注:先行词是time,前面有序数词或last修饰时,常用that引导定语从句或者省略。)
当先行词为表示方式的词the way时,可用that引导定语从句, that常可以省略。
(24)I don't the way you speak to her.
我不喜欢你和她说话那种方式。
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