非限定性定语从句易错点

　　1. 引导限制性定语从句时，关系代词which可以与that互换；但引导非限制性定语从句时，只能用which。

　　例1.She heard a terrible noise, ______ frightened her.

　　A. that B. which C. what D. who

　　例2.She heard a terrible noise ______ frightened her.

　　A. that B. / C. what D. who

　　解析：例1意为：“她听到一个可怕的声音，这使她感到恐惧。”that不能用于引导非限制性定语从句，故选B。例2意为：“她听到了一个使她恐惧的可怕声音。”引导修饰noise的限制性定语从句可以用which或that来引导,故选A。

　　2. 先行词为reason时，限制性定语可以用why或for which来引导；非限制性定语从句则只能用for which来引导。

　　例3.I had told them the reason, ______ I didn’t attend the meeting.

　　A. for which B. at which C. for whom D. why

　　例4I had told them the reason ______ I didn’t attend the meeting.

　　A. when B. which C. why D. for that

　　解析：例3意为：“我早已把理由告诉了他们，于是我没有出席会议。”先行词为reason时，非限制性定语从句应用for which引导，故选A。例4意为：“我已经把没有出席会议的原因告诉了他们。”the reason why...是常见搭配，答案为C。

　　3. 引导限制性定语从句的.关系代词在从句中担任宾语时可以被省略；但引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词即使作宾语也不能省略。

　　例5.He was eager to go to the hospital to see his stepmother,______ he loved and respected as his own mother.

　　A. as B. which C. / D. whom

　　解析：本句意为：“他急于去医院看望他的继母，他像对待亲生母亲一样孝敬她。”关系代词whom引导非限制性定语从句并作宾语，不能被省略，故选D。

　　4．引导限制性定语从句时并作从句宾语的关系代词whom可以用who来代替；但在非限制性定语从句中，whom就不能用who替换。

　　例6. Do you know Tom, _____ we talked about?

　　A. which B. that C. whom D. who

　　例7.The American journalist ______ the announcer mentioned in the news broadcast is said to have been killed by the gangsters. Which of the following is wrong?

　　A. who B. whom C. whose D. /

　　解析：例6意为：“你认识汤姆吗? 我们谈到过他。”应选C。例7意为：“播音员在新闻广播中提到的那位美国记者据说已遭歹徒杀害。下列哪一项是错误的？”关系代词作mentioned的宾语且指人时，可用who/whom/that，在限制性定语从句中可省略，故C是错的。

　　5．当非限制性定语从句修饰整个主句时，其关系代词可以用as 和which，但位于举句首不能用which，只能用as。此时非限制性定语从句可置于主句之前、之后或之中。

　　例8______ I expected, he didn’t believe me.

　　A. Which B. As C. That D. When

　　解析：本句意为：“正如我所预料的那样，他不相信我的话。”非限制性定语从句修饰整个主句，应用as引导，故答案为B。

　　例9.Mary was late for school,______ often happened.

　　A. as B. for which C. that D. why

　　解析：本句意为：“玛丽上学迟到了，这是常有的事。”根据句意，关系代词as引导的非限制性定语从句修饰前面的主句，其位置非常灵活，故答案为A。

　　6. 由“介词+关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句，关系代词指代整个主句时，不能用as，只能用which，因为有介词关系。

　　例10.He bought the car for more than $20,000,______ his father was angry.

　　A. about that B. with as C. when D. with which

　　解析：本句意为：“他花两万多美元买了这辆车，他父亲对此很生气。”which位于介词with的后面，指代前面的主句，故答案为D。

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