定语从句的主谓省略

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定语从句的主谓省略

　　英语语法让很多学生都头疼，因为复杂难懂的句式和词组有时难以记忆。以下是小编为大家收集的定语从句的主谓省略，欢迎阅读，希望大家能够喜欢。

　　用who和whom的情况

　　先行词为one，ones，anyone，those，且指代人时。如：

　　The persons I want to talk about with you are Faye Wong and Li Yapeng， the ones who signed a divorce agreement on Friday in Urumqi.

　　在there be结构中，修饰主语的定语从句宜用关系代词who指代人。如：There’s a gentleman who wants to see you.

　　一个句子中带有两个修饰人的定语从句，其中一个定语从句的关系代词是that，另一个宜用who以避免重复。如：The student that was praised at yesterday’s meeting is the monitor who is very modest and works very hard.

　　当关系代词前面有介词，只能用whom。whom在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，介词可放在后面，也可提前以构成“介词+whom（先行词指人）”结构。如：The settlement is home to nearly 1，000 people， many of whom left their village homes for a better life in the city.

　　whose的用法

　　关系代词whose一般指人，表示“该人的”，也可指物，表示“该物的”，在以物为先行词时，可用of which代替在从句中作定语。如：Theprize will go to the writer whose story/of whom the story shows the most imagination.

　　注意：关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。如：

　　Tom is one of the engineers who are sent abroad.

　　Tom is the only one of the engineers who has come up with the solution.

　　选择关系代词/副词的原则

　　在选择关系词时，最重要的是分析定语从句所缺的成分。若从句缺主语、宾语、定语或表语，那么必须用关系代词；若从句不缺主语、宾语、定语或表语，那么必须用关系副词。

　　This is the mountain village that/which I visited last year. （关系词在从句中作宾语）

　　I will never forget the day when my father returned from America. （关系词在从句中作状语）

　　先行词是表示方法、方式的way，后面的定语从句缺方式状语时可以用that或in which引导，也可以省略关系词。如果后面的定语从句中缺少宾语，要用that或which引导，也可以省略关系词。如：

　　I don’t like the way that/in which/不填 he speaks to his mother.

　　例1 （2015·湖南卷） It is a truly delightful place， ________ looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages.

　　A. as B. where C. that D. which

　　解析 D。此句是非限制性定语从句，先行词place在定语从句中作主语，所以要用关系代词引导。as引导非限定性定语从句时要放在句首，故选用which。句意：这真是一个令人愉快的地方，这里蜿蜒的'小路和美丽的村舍一定和一百年前看起来一模一样。

　　例2 （2015·北京卷） Opposite is St. Paul’s Church， ________ you can hear some lovely music.

　　A. which B. that C. when D. where

　　解析 D。这是一个定语从句。先行词是St. Paul’s Church，从句主谓宾成分完整，去掉空后依然是完整的句子，可推断出引导词在从句中作地点状语，用where。句意：对面是圣保罗教堂，在教堂里你能听到一些优美的音乐。

　　点拨关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句。做题之前先看句中有没有逗号，逗号是非限制性定语从句的标志。然后再看句子中缺不缺成分，在定语从句中从句主语和宾语都不缺少时，应该考虑关系副词。

　　定语从句that表语

　　所谓that表语从句就是用一个句子作为表语。它跟在be动词或系动词后面，说明主语是什么或者怎么样的。例如：

　　a)He has become what he wanted to be.他已经成为了想成为的那个人。

　　b)The problem is when we have a meeting. 问题是我们什么时候能举行会谈。

　　我们说过，宾语从句要用陈述语序。其实，表语从句也是如此。上面的例子如果写The problem is when do we have a meeting就错了。

　　但是和宾语从句不同的是，宾语从句中的that可以省略，但在表语从句中，这个懒千万不能偷！is suggestion is that we can try to catch the next train. 他建议我们去赶下一班火车。

　　上面的例句中，引导表语从句的that一定不能省略哦。另外，通常情况下，if和whether可以互换，但是在表语从句中却行不通，一定要用whether。例如：

　　The question is whether you have enough time to do it.问题在于你是否有足够的时间去做。

　　千万不能写成the question is if you have enough time to do it

　　练习题目：

　　1. The question is ________ we will have our sports meet next week.

　　A. that B. if C. when D. whether

　　2.The reason why he failed is ________he was too careless.

　　A. because B. that C. for D. because of

　　3. Go and get your coat. It’ s ________you left it.

　　A. where B. there C. there where D. where there

　　4.The problem is _________to take the place of Ted

　　A. who can we get B. what we can get C. who we can get D. that we can get

　　5. What I want to know is ______ he likes the gift given by us.

　　A. that B. if C. whether D.不填

　　6. The reason is_________ I missed the bus.

　　A. that B. when C. why D. what

　　7. That is __ ___ we were late last time.

　　A. that B. when C. why D. what

　　8. She looked _________ she were ten years younger.

　　A. that B. like C. as D. as though

　　9.—I fell sick! --I think it is _______ you are doing too much.

　　A. why B. when C. what D. because

　　10. The reason why he hasn’t come is ___________.

　　A. because his mother is ill B. because of his mother’s being ill

　　C. that his mother is ill D. for his mother is ill

　　11. —He was born here.

　　-- That is _______ he likes the place so much.

　　A. that B. what C. why D. how

　　12.That is ______ Lu Xun once lived.

　　A. what B. where C. that D. why

　　13._______your father wants to know is________ getting on with your studies.

　　A. What; how are you B. That;how you are

　　C. How;that you are D. What;how you are

　　14. The trouble is__________ we are short of tools.

　　A. what B. that C. how D. why that

　　15. America was __________was first called “India”by Columbus.

　　A. what B. where C. the place D. there where

　　16. China is becoming stronger and stronger. It is no longer_________ .

　　A. what it used to be B. what it was used to being

　　C. what it used to being D. what it was used to be

　　17. ________he really means is ________he disagrees with us.

　　A. What … that B. That … what C. What … what D. That … what

　　18. The energy is ________ makes the cells able to do their work.

　　A. that B. which C. what D. such

　　19 —I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.

　　—Is that_____ you had a few days off?

　　A. why B .what C. when D. where

　　20 .I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella ____I got wet through.

　　A. It’s the reason B. That’s why C. There’s why D. It’s how

　　答案 1~5: DBACC 6~10 :ACDDC 11~15:CBDBA 16~20: AACAB

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