where定语从句和状语从句区别

时间:2024-06-08 00:18:06 赛赛 英语 我要投稿
  • 相关推荐

where定语从句和状语从句区别

  从句,即从属子句,是复句中具有分属地位的分句,它是一种绝大部分语言都有的语法结构。以下是小编整理的where定语从句和状语从句区别,希望对大家有所帮助。

  where定语从句和状语从句区别

  最简单的办法是看where是否有指代先行词

  应到定语从句还是状语从句的区别主要可以从以下三点来看:

  一、where引导定语从句时,where是关系副词,在从句中作地点状语,其前面有表示地点的先行词,where引导的从句修饰先行词.例如:

  The bookshop where I bought this book is not far from here.

  This is the house where I lived two years ago.

  We will start at the point where we left off.

  二、where引导状语从句时,where是从属连词,where引导的从句修饰主句的谓语动词,where前面没有表示地点的先行词.例如:

  Wuhan lies where the Changjiang River and the Han Jiang Rivermeet.

  Make a mark where you have any doubts or questions.

  I found my books where I had left them.

  有时,where引导的地点状语从句兼有抽象条件含义,可放在主句的前面,而where引导的定语从句则不能。例如:

  Where there is a will,there is a way.〔谚语〕有志者事竟成。

  Where there is water,there is life.有水的地方就有生命。

  三、在有些情况下,where引导的定语从句可转换为where引导的地点状语从句。例如:

  A tall building was put up at the place where there used to be a desert.(=A tall building was put up where there used to be a desert.)在以前曾是沙漠的地方盖起了一幢高楼。

  Bam boo grows best in places where it is warm and where it rains often.)温暖而多雨的地方最适合于竹子生长。

  where定语从句和状语从句练习题

  1. The famous scientist grew up ____ he was born and in 1930 he came to Shanghai.(2002年春季高考上海)

  A. when B. whenever C. where D. wherever

  2. Hes got him self into a dangerous situation ____ he is likely to lose control over the plane.(2001年上海)

  A. where B. which C. while D. why

  3. She found her calculator ____ she lost it.(2000年上海)

  A. where B. when C. in which D. that

  4. You should m ake it a rule to leave things ____ you can find them again.(NMET99)

  A. when B. where C. then D. there

  5. After the war, a new school building was put up ____ there had once been a theatre.(NMET97)

  A. that B. where C. which D. when

  6. After living in Paris for fifty years, he returned to the sm all town ____ he grew up as a child.(NMET96)

  A. which B. where C. that D. when

  7. When you read the book, youd better make a mark ____ you have any questions.(MET86)

  A. at which B. at where C. the place where D. where

  8. I can still rem em ber the sitting-room ____ my m other and I used to sit in the evening.(MET86)

  A. what B. which C. that D. where

  不难看出,上述试题都考查where引导的定语从句与状语从句。在第2, 6, 8题中, where引导的是定语从句,答案分别是A, B和D。在第1, 3, 4, 5, 7题中, where引导的是地点状语从句,答案分别是C, A, B, B和D。那么,如何区别where引导的定语从句与状语从句呢?笔者认为,可从以下几个方面加以区别。

  一、where引导定语从句时, where是关系副词,在从句中作地点状语,其前面有表示地点的先行词, where引导的从句修饰先行词。例如:

  The bookshop where I bought this book is not far from here.我买这本书的那个书店离这里不远。

  This is the house where I lived two years ago.这就是我两年前住的那个房子。 We will start at the point where we left off.我们将从上次停下来的地方开始。

  二、where引导状语从句时, where是从属连词, where引导的从句修饰主句的谓语动词, where前面没有表示地点的先行词。例如:

  Wuhan lies where the Changjiang River and the Han Jiang River meet.武汉位于长江和汉江汇合处。

  Make a mark where you have any doubts or questions.在有疑问的地方做一个记号。 I found my books where I had left them.我在我原来放书的地方找到了我的书。 有时, where引导的地点状语从句兼有抽象条件含义,可放在主句的前面,而where引导的定语从句则不能。例如:

  Where there is a will, there is a way.[谚语]有志者事竟成。

  Where there is water, there is life.有水的地方就有生命。

  三、在有些情况下, where引导的定语从句可转换为where引导的地点状语从句。例如:

  A tall building was put up at the place where there used to be a desert.(=A tall building was put up where there used to be a desert.)在以前曾是沙漠的地方盖起了一幢高楼。

  Bam boo grows best in places where it is warm and where it rains often.(=Bamboo grows best where it is warm and where it rains often.)温暖而多雨的地方最适合于竹子生长。

  where引导定语从句

  一、where 初印象

  Where最早出现在初一时对划线部分的提问的练习题中。例如:

  I have been hiding in the room.

  如果对划线部分提问,(当时不明白对划线部分提问是什么意思,现在才明白)也就是说,划线部分的信息是不知道,而又是提问者想知道的,因此需要找一个兼具二者功能的一个词,作为提问的关键信息词,开始发问。从陈述到提问,我们用where替代了in the room, 并且作为最关键的信息放在句首,而后将原来的句子整体变成疑问句,配合where,放在其后,所以构成问句:

  Where have you been hiding?(新概念二册60)

  二、从特殊疑问词where到定语从句where

  其实,从特殊疑问词where到定语从句where, where的根本是没有发生变化的,where依然代替了一个表示地点的介词短语而已。where在定语从句中的用错主要原因在于很多学习者将事物等价了地点。在定语从句中,where所修饰的名词,我们一般认为表示明显地点的名词,如the park, theplace, the square等,实际上这些名词并非表示地点,而是表示事物的名称而已,他们表示公园,地方和广场,如果要表示地点,需要说“在花园里”,“在这个地方”,或“在广场上”等,也就是说从名词到地点在英语中的关键点在于是否需要添加介词。综上:

  the square 表事物,即广场,在定语从句中直接替代才可以用which/that

  in the square表地方,即在广场上,在定语从句中替代才可用where。

  三、where引导词的定语从句:从思维到直接表达

  实际上,世界上任何一个名词,若可以表示一个事物,如果添加上适当的介词,均可以表示地点。也就是说任一个表示事物的名词,均可以用which, that, 或where来写句子。例如:

  The table which was smashed into pieces by Jeremy was boughtlast week.

  这个句子的思维过程是:作者看到了桌子,对应出英文单词the table, 接着直接用对桌子本身的描述来修饰桌子,第一步先替代桌子本身用which/that,因为直接描述,所以后面直接写桌子怎么样,也就是需要写上从句的谓语成分,也就是was smashed into pieces yesterday. 后面接着写作者真正要写的关于桌子的内容也就是:was bought last week.

  当然,对桌子的修饰,作者如果并不是直接说桌子,而是其他主体来说,这是的思维过程则不同,例如:

  The table which I bought last week was smashed into pieces yesterday.

  当看到桌子,说出the table, 然后用which代替桌子之后,这是桌子脑海中出现与桌子相关的其他主体,例如上句中的我(I),接下来作者在思考是需要构建出的句子,一方面是我发出的,两一方面也必须将桌子含到从句之中,所以作者说出I bought yesterday这样的从句,然后作者在说出真正想说的关于桌子的部分即可。

  倘若出现where引导词的定语从句修饰桌子,如:

  The table where a cat is sitting was bought last week.

  这个句子的思考过程是,作者看到桌子,对应出英语the table, 然后写上where,即表示on the table 也就是作者打算写发生在桌子上的一件事情,来修饰桌子,本句中作者写出了a cat is sitting, 然后再写出作者想要表达出的内容,也就是wasbought last week. 即可。

  以上是表示地点的名词在添加定语从句时的思考过程,希望对大家有所帮助,也希望各位交流。

【where定语从句和状语从句区别】相关文章:

that和where定语从句11-10

定语从句与从句的区别01-17

定语从句where的例句07-27

定语从句that和what的区别08-03

同位语从句和定语从句的区别09-13

定语从句中where的用法04-25

定语从句where怎么用12-05

定语从句的引导词where12-22

定语从句when和in which的区别08-16