高三定语从句讲解

　　高三定语从句讲解

　　1.定语从句的前面都有先行词（被修饰语）

　　2.定语从句应紧跟在先行词之后

　　3.先行词与定语从句之间要有关系词（有时可省略）

　　4.关系词在定语从句中充当某一成分

　　The skirt _____ is made of silk is very expensive. I can’t afford it.

　　A what B / C that D it

　　I love people _____ are friendly to others.

　　A which B whose C what D who

　　Sorry, we don’t have the coat ______ you need.

　　A what B who C whom D which

　　That is the school ____ last year.

　　A which I studied B at which I studied

　　C where I studied at D in where I studied

　　This was the place _____ last year.

　　A which I visited B where I visited

　　C when I visited D in which I visited

　　注：从句的谓语动词 Lee is one of the students who are working very hard.

　　He led us to a place where we have never been before.

　　用that不用which的一些特殊情况

　　1) 先行词为all, much, little, something, anything, everything, nothing等

　　Is there anything (that) I can do for you?

　　You should hand in all that you have.

　　2) 先行词前有形容词最高级修饰和序数词修饰

　　This is the most exciting report that I have ever read.

　　The first step (that) we are to take is very difficult.

　　3) 先行词被the only, the very(恰恰，正好)等限定词修饰时。

　　The only thing that we can do is to give you some money.

　　This is the very dictionary that is of great help.

　　4) 先行词既指人又指物时，用that 不用which，也不用who/whom

　　He talked about the people and the books that interested him.

　　My father and mother talked a lot about the things and the persons that they could remember.

　　限制与非限制

　　Boys who attend this school have to wear uniforms.

　　Those who want to go please sign their names here.

　　He has two sisters, who are working in the city.

　　The children, who wanted to play football, were disappointed when it rained.

　　句型转换：

　　That is his father, and he works in Shanghai.

　　That is his father, ______ works in Shanghai.

　　I like the boy, who is very lovely.

　　I like the boy, _____ is very lovely.

　　He told me a story yesterday, and I think it is very interesting.

　　He told me a story yesterday, _____ I think is very interesting.

　　介词+关系代词

　　1. In front of my house, there is a tree, in which some birds are singing. (在树上一般用介词in)

　　2. The computer for which I paid 5,000yuan is made in Shenzhen( pay 与for搭配)

　　3. Do you know the girl with whom the man talked just now?

　　(talk 究竟接to, with还是接about, 这该由动词及现行词决定)

　　注：She has a little daughter, who is looked after by her grandma.

　　就不能写成：

　　She has a little daughter, after whom is looked by her grandma.

　　因为，look after 是不可分开的固定短语。

　　改错：

　　This is the longest train which I have ever seen.

　　The radio set which I bought it last week has gone wrong.

　　They talked for about an hour of things and persons who they remembered in the school. I don't like the way which you speak to her.

　　1.定语从句要避免成分重复

　　2定语从句要避免漏用先行词

　　3含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开

　　as与which的区别

　　which 引导的`非限制性定语从句只能位于主句后，但as引导的从句可位于主句前、中、后。

　　1. I live a long way from work, as [which] you know.

　　As is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.

　　as在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语通常要有be或别的系动词，但which不受此限制。如：

　　2. As might be expected, John was admitted to the university.

　　as 引导的定语从句通常表示一个众所周知或意料之中的事，但 which 不受此限制。如： He married her, which was unexpected. (不可用as)

　　as引导的非限制性定语从句与主句之间关系密切，as 本身意含“正如”或“就像”之意。而which引导的非限制性定语从句与主句之间在逻辑意义上近似于并列关系，

　　3. as多用于固定搭配中：as is often the case(这是常有的事)，as was expected(不出所料)，as often happens(正如经常发生的那样)，as is known to all / as is well known / as we all know (众所周知)，as has been said before(如上所述)，as is mentioned above(正如上面所提到的)等。

　　It rained hard yesterday, ____ prevented me from going to the park.

　　A. that B. which C. as D. it

　　Such…..that/such….asSuch…that引导的状语从句与such…as引导的定语从句的区别：

　　His plan was such a good one as we all agreed to accept.

　　His plan was such a good one that we all agreed to accept it,

　　1. I don't like such books ____ he recommended.

　　A. as B. that C. so D. after which

　　2. Mr. Smith is _________ a good teacher _________ we all respect him.

　　A. such, that B. such, as C. so, that D. so, as

　　3. Such a book ___ you lent me is too difficult to understand.

　　A. that B. which C. as D. like

　　of whom / which引导的定语

　　在非限制性定语从句中，先行词作为一个整体，表示整体中的一部分，即表示“部分与整体”的关系时，用of which / whom。表示部分的可以是具体数目或百分数，也可以是few, several, some, half, many, much, most, all, the majority等。

　　The buses, were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd. Our school has 80 teachers, 50 are women.

　　one of +复数名词+关系代词+复数形式动词

　　The Great Wall is one of the world –famous buildings that draw lots of visitors.

　　Titanic is one of the most wonderful movies that have been produced in Hollywood. the only one of +复数名词+关系代词+单数形式动词

　　The Great Wall is the only one of the buildings on the earth that is seen from the moon. Titanic is the only one of those wonderful movies that has been produced in Hollywood. Tom isn’t the only one of the boys who have passed the exam.=Tom is one of the boys who have passed the exam.

　　He is one of the students who _____(have)passed the exam.

　　He is the only one of the students who______(have) passed the exam.

　　He is not the only one of the students who _____(have)passed the exam.

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