中考定语从句易错题

　　定语从句，一个简单句跟在一名词或代词后（先行词）进行修饰限定，就叫做定语从句。以下是小编为大家收集的中考定语从句易错，希望能够帮助到大家。

中考定语从句易错题

　　命题角度1

　　正确区分关系代词与关系副词的用法

　　1.(典型例题精选 )I walked in our garden,Tom and Jim were trying a big sign onto one of the trees.

　　A. whichB. whenC. whereD. that

　　[考场错解]B

　　[专家把脉]以句意来看，很容易把本题当作是一个时间状语从句或是等立连词when引导的从句。根据题干分析，后者是用来说明Tom and Jim要做的事情的地点．也就是说应该用定语从句来修饰和说明情况，故填 where来引导非限制性定语从句。

　　[对症下药]C

　　2.(典型例题精选 ) If a shop has chairswomen can park their men, women will spend more time in the shop.

　　A. thatB. whichC. whenD. where

　　[专家把脉]本题考查了对定语从句及其引导词的判断。该句句意为“如果商店里有椅子供和妇女来购物的男人们使用。妇女们在商店中会待更长的时间。”chairs在句中作先行词表示地点，后跟定语从句须用where引导，where在从句中作状语。

　　[对症下药]D

　　3.(典型例题精选 )You can find whatever you need at the shopping center,is always busy at the weekend.

　　A. thatB. whereC. whatD. which

　　[考场错解]A

　　[专家把脉]本题考查非限制性定语从句。that， what不引导非限制性定语从句，where表示地点。

　　[对症下药]D

　　4.(典型例题精选 ) Her sister has become a lawyer,she wanted to be.

　　A. whoB. thatC. whatD. which

　　[考场错解]A

　　[专家把脉]考生乍一看先行词“a lawyer"指人，误选 A。分析从句及根据题意“她姐姐已当了一名律师，那是她过去曾想从事的一种职业(律师)”故选D。which引导非限制性定语从句，而B that不能引导非限制性定语从句。这是有关定语从句的题，故不选c。

　　[对症下药]D

　　5.(典型例题精选Womendrink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart dis ease than thosedon' t.

　　A．who；不填B．不填；who

　　c．who；whoD．不填表；不填

　　[考场错解]B

　　[专家把脉]本题考查who引导的定语从句。第一个空who在从句中做主语，women为先行词；第二空中， who引导的从句省略了“drink two cups of coffe a day”，先行词为those。

　　[对症下药]C

　　6.(典型例题精选We' re just trying to teach a pointbeth sides will sit down together and talk.

　　A. whereB. thatC. whenD. which

　　[考场错解]B或C

　　[专家把脉]考生易把此题理解为when引导的时间状语从句，而误选C。本题考查where引导的定语从句， where在从句中作状语；而that引导定语从句时，在从句中做主语或宾语。因此本题应选A。

　　[对症下药]A

　　专家会诊

　　1．定语从句相当于一个形容词，起定语作用，修饰名词或代词。

　　2．定语从句的引导词的三种功用：(1)引导定语从句；(2)替代先行词；(3)在定语从句中充当一定的`成分。

　　3．解题要领：根据定语从句中所缺成分来确定是用关系代词还是关系副词，决不要因先行词是时间名词就用when，是地点名词就用where。

　　4．当先行词指物时，许多情况下既可以用关系代词which，也可以用关系代词that，但在下列情况下，只能使用关系代词that(1)当先行词是不定代词all，much，little，something, everything, anything, nothing, none, the one时。如: Do you have anything that you want to say for youraelf ?You should hand in all that you have.

　　(2)当先行词前面有only，any，few，little，no， all，very等词修饰时。如：

　　This is the very book that I' m looking for.

　　The only thing that we can do is to give you some mane),.

　　(3)当先行词是形容词最高级时或它的前面有形容词最高级修饰时。如：

　　This is the best that has been wasted against pollution.

　　This is the most interesting film that I' ve ever seen.

　　(4)当先行词是序数词或它前有一个序数词时，如：

　　This train is the last that will go to Huangzhou.

　　What is the first American film that you have seen?

　　(5)当先行词既有．人又有物时，如：

　　Do yon know the things and persons that they are talking about?

　　(6)当主句的主语是疑问词who或which时。如：Which is the bike that you lost? Who is the boy that won the gold medal?

　　(7)有两个定语从句时，其中一个关系代词已用which，另外一个空用tbato如：

　　They secretly built up a small factory which pro- duced things that could cause pollution.

　　拓展：定语从句习题

　　请看下面一道题：

　　The letter they were looking forward to _________ at last.

　　A. arrived B. arriving C. had arrived D. arrive

　　对于此题，基础稍差的同学可能选D，认为空格前的 to 是不定式符号，所以后接动词原形；基础稍好的同学可能会选B，知道 look forward to 是短语，意为 look forward to “盼望”，其中的 to 是介词，而不是不定式符号，所以后接动名词；只有基础扎实、语感好、而且细心的同学才会选A，诚如上面所说，look forward to 中的 to 是介词，而不是不定式符号，所以后接动词作宾语时，要用动名词，而不用动词原形。但问题是此句中的动词 arrive 不是介词 to 的宾语，而是句子的谓语。句子的正解分析是：the letter 为句子主语，they were looking forward to 是修饰主语的定语从句(介词 to 的宾语是引导该定语从句的关系代词 that，被省略)，arrived 是句子谓语。

　　请看以下试题：

　　(1) The professor you referred to _________ just now.

　　A. comes B. come C. coming D. came

　　答案选D，句子主语为 the professor，you referred to 为修饰 the professor 的定语从句，空白处填 came，为句子谓语。

　　(2) The theory he sticks to _________ to be of no use in our studies.

　　A. proves B. prove C. proving D. be proved 答案选A，he sticks to 是修饰主语 the theory 的定语从句，句子的基本结构为 The theory proves to be of no use in our studies.

　　(3) The work he devoted his time to _________ worth praising.

　　A. wasB. be C. being D. been

　　答案选A，he devoted his time to 是修饰主语 the work 的定语从句。句子的基本结构为 The work was worth praising.

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