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定语从句关系副词的用法
定语从句,是我们在英语的学习过程当中会遇到的一种语法知识点,那么你知道关系副词的用法吗?以下是小编为你整理的定语从句关系副词的用法,希望对你有所帮助,祝你学习进步!
定语从句关系副词的用法1
关系副词when的用法
when 既可引导限制性定语从句,又可引导非限制性定语从句。先行词是时间名词,在从句中充当时间状语,相当于“介词+which”。如:
Can you tell me the time when the film will start?—Can you tell me the time at which the film will start? 请告诉我电影什么时候开始好吗?(限制性定语从句)
I will never forget the day, when I joined the Party.—I will never forget the day, on which I joined the Party. 我入党的那一天,我永远不会忘记。(非限制性定语从句)
关系副词where的用法
where既可引导限制性定语从句,又可引导非限制性定语从句。先行词是地点名词,在从句中充当地点状语,相当于:“介词+which”。如:
This is the school where I studied a few years ago.—This is the school in which I studied a few years ago. 这就是我几年前所在读书的学校。(from www.yygrammar.com)
Let’s go to the concert, where you will find much fun.—Let’s go to the concert, in which you will find much fun. 我们去音乐演唱会吧,在那里你会找到很大的乐趣。
关系副词why的用法
why只能引导限制性定语从句,先行词只有reason一词,在从句中充当原因状语,相当于:“for + which”。如:
Do you know the reason why he is not here now?—Do you know the reason for which he is not here now?你知道他还没有来这儿的原因吗?
关系副词that的用法
that只能引导限制性定语从句,充当关系副词时,其作用相当于:“介词+关系代词”,在从句中充当时间、地点、方式、原因状语等。如:
1.在定语从句中作时间状语。现行词有:each time, every time, anytime, the first time, the moment, the minute, the hour, etc. 但现代英语中,that往往省略。如:
Each time (that) I meet him, he will smile and say“hello”. 每次我会见他时,他都会笑着说“喂,你好!”
2.在定语从句中作方式状语, 现行词是way, 如:
Can you show me the way (that) you solve the problem like this?请告诉我你解决这类问题的方法好吗?
3.在定语从句中作原因状语,现行词只有reason一词,如:
I don’t know the reason (that) he has left school now. 我不知道他辍学的原因。
4.在定语从句中做其他状语,现行词如price, speed等,如:
I think the price (that) she sells her apple is too high. (that = at which) 我认为她卖苹果的价格太高。
定语从句关系副词的用法2
1.when的用法
when代替的'先行词是表示时间的名词,在定语从句中作时间状语。when往往可以由介词+which代替。
Can you tell me the time when the film will start? 你能告诉我电影什么时候开始吗?
Can you tell me the time at which the film will start?
The solution to the mystery of the monarch’s amazing ability comes at a time when it is in serious trouble. 金斑蝶惊人能力之谜的谜底在它陷入严重困境之际揭晓。
(when可以用during which代替)
2.where的用法
where代替的先行词是表地点的名词,在定语从句中作地点状语。where往往可以由介词+which代替。
Eventually, it manages to reach the places where it will spend the winter. 最终,它设法到达了过冬的地方。(where可以由in which代替)
They were welcomed to the Chinese-style compound where they were to live. 他们受到了欢迎,住在中国式的大院里。(新外研版必修一)(where可以由in which代替)
where的先行词也可以是一些类似于地点的抽象名词,例如,case(情况,案例),situation(情况,形势,境遇),degree(程度),point(时刻,阶段),job(工作),career(事业),family(家庭)等。
We have reached a point where a change is really needed. 我们已经到了一个真正需要改变的时刻。
I don’t want a job where I’m always ordered to do the work all day. 我不想要一份总是被命令整天干活的工作。
We have got into a situation where we were supposed to make a decision immediately. 我们陷入了一种应该立即做出决定的境地。
All the neighbors admire this family where the parents are treating their child like a friend. 所有的邻居都很羡慕这个家庭,他们的父母像对待朋友一样对待他们的孩子。
3.why的用法
why代替的先行词通常是the reason,在定语从句中作原因状语。
Sadly, human activity is the main reason why the number of monarch butterflies is falling. 可悲的是,人类活动是黑脉金斑蝶数量下降的主要原因。
And of course, the main reason why they were so excited is that pandas are just so cute. 当然,他们如此兴奋的主要原因是熊猫太可爱了。
4.关系代词和关系副词的选择
在定语从句中是选择关系代词还是关系副词,取决于定语从句中缺少什么成分,如果缺少主语,宾语,表语,定语,需选择关系代词(who,whom,that,which,whose,as等);如果缺少状语,需选择关系副词(when,where,why)
I will never forget the days when we stayed in the countryside. 我永远不会忘记我们在农村度过的日子。(定语从句中缺少时间状语)
I will never forget the days that /which we spenttogether. 我永远不会忘记我们一起度过的日子。(定语从句中缺少spent的宾语)
That was the reason why he was late. 那就是他迟到的原因。(定语从句中缺少原因状语)
The reason that you gave us was not reasonable. 你给我们的理由不合理。(定语从句中缺少宾语)
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