初中定语从句典型案例

　　下面是小编收集整理的定语从句的连词选用和句意理解的经典案例，希望对您有所帮助!如果你觉得不错的话,欢迎分享!

　　定语从句案例讲解:

　　先行词是“人”，在从句中做主语，宾语，定语，连词用that/who/whom/whose

　　先行词是“物”，在从句中做主语，宾语，定语，连词用that/which/whose

　　先行词是“人” 和 “物”，在从句中做主语，宾语，定语，连词用that/ whose

　　先行词是“物”，在从句中做状语，一般需要添加介词后才能把从句写完整，连词用when/where/why

　　e.g. They work in a factory where/in which radio parts are made.

　　1. 先行词：_a factory_

　　2. 主句：They work in a factory.

　　3. 从句：radio parts are made in (a factory). (注意: 本句中的“in”是后来添加的,不是they work in a factory中的 “in”

　　4. “先行词+从句”部分的翻译理解：无线电零件被生产的/生产无线电零件的(那个工厂) (定语从句 +的 +先行词)

　　5. 整句的翻译理解：他们在生产无线电零件的那个工厂工作。

　　e.g. The reason why/for which I am late is that my bike broke down on my way here.

　　1. 先行词：_the reason_

　　2. 主句：the reason is that my bike broke down on my way here.

　　3. 从句：I am late for (the reason)

　　4. “先行词+从句”部分的翻译理解：我迟到的(那个原因)

　　5. 整句的翻译理解：我迟到的那个原因是我的自行车在我来的路上坏了。

　　注意：判断主句和从句

　　1) 谓语动词1+连词+谓语动词2，连词后的谓语动词以及相邻的词汇是从句

　　2) 谓语动词1+谓语动词2+连词/连词+谓语动词1+谓语动词2，与连词相邻的谓语动词以及相邻的词汇是从句

　　3) 看主句，从句，各自的句意完整，并合乎逻辑。

　　练习题：The English play in which my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great success.

　　e.g. He talked about the teachers and schools that/省略 he had visited.

　　1. 先行词：_the teachers and schools_

　　2. 主句：He talked about the teachers and schools.

　　3. 从句：he had visited (the teachers and schools)

　　4. “先行词+从句”部分的翻译理解：他所看过的(那些老师和学校)

　　5. 整句的翻译理解：他谈了他所看过的那些老师和学校。

　　注意：先行词在从句中做宾语时，连词that/which/whom可以省略

　　e.g. She donated some money to the children whose parents died in the earthquake.

　　1. 先行词：_the children_

　　2. 主句：She donated some money to the children.

　　3. 从句： (the children)’s parents died in the earthquake.

　　4. “先行词+从句”部分的.翻译理解：父母死于地震中的(那些孩子们)

　　5. 整句的翻译理解：她把钱捐给了那些父母死于地震中的那些孩子们。

　　She donated some money to (the children) whose parents died in the earthquake.

　　= She donated some money to (the children) the parents of whom died in the earthquake.

　　= She donated some money to (the children) of whom the parents died in the earthquake.

　　whose+n=of whom the +n =the +n of whom (适用于先行词是表示人的名词)

　　whose+n=of which the +n=the+n of which (适用于先行词是表示物的名词)

　　注意：限制性定语从句的翻译必须包括“定语从句 +的 + 先行词”

　　非限制性定语从句的翻译，从前向后，不需要 “…的…”翻译.

　　练习题：Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase whose price was very reasonable.

　　e.g. I have many friends, of whom some are businessmen.

　　=I have many friends, some of whom are businessmen.

　　从句: some of my friends are businessmen.

　　注意：介词+which/whom/whose/where中的介词

　　1) 找到先行词

　　2) 找出含有先行词的从句

　　e.g. He made great progress in English learning, which made his parents pleased.

　　先行词：He made great progress in English learning.(先行词是一句话，意指完整的一件事)

　　连词：which

　　用限制性定语从句连接句子

　　1. 圈出“先行词”。

　　2. 根据两个单句的意思确定主从句。

　　3. 主句的部分或者全部内容先出现

　　e.g. A modern city has been set up in the place. The place was a wasteland ten years ago.

　　先行词：the place

　　根据句意，两个句子都可以做主句和从句，因此有两种答案

　　A modern city has been set up in the place which was a wasteland ten years ago.

　　一座现代化的城市已经建在了十年前还是废墟的地方。

　　The place where/in which a modern city has been set up was a wasteland ten years ago. 一座现代化城市被建设的那个地方十年前是一片废墟。

　　e.g. Working conditions are difficult in the place. I’d like to go there.

　　先行词：the place (there是指the place)

　　根据句意，I’d like to go there.是主句，working conditions are difficult in the place.是从句

　　I’d like to go where working conditions are difficult.

　　我想去工作条件艰苦的地方

　　Working conditions are difficult in the place where I’d like to go. (wrong)

　　工作条件很艰苦是在我想去的地方或工作条件在我想去的地方很艰苦。(句意不合乎逻辑)

　　定语从句用that不用which的情况

　　1) 先行词前被序数词，最高级修饰时

　　2) 先行词是不定代词everything, anything等

　　3) 先行词被all, the very, the only, the first, the last, the right,修饰时

　　4) 先行词既有人又有物时

　　定语从句用who不用that的情况

　　先行词是anyone, those, everyone, he时

　　定语从句省略连词的情况

　　1.)先行词在从句中做宾语时

　　2.)the way (that/in which)+定语从句，连词可以省略

　　定语从句中的习惯搭配

　　介词+连词时，连词不能是that/who

　　when=prep +which where=prep +which why= for + which

　　the way (that/in which) +从句 ….的方式

　　a case/point/stage/situation/occasion where +从句 ….的情况/阶段/时期

　　as we all know, as is known to us all, (as一般用于句首)

　　e.g. I don’t appreciate the way (that/in which) he talked to his mother.

　　定语从句中的易错点：(语法填空，短文改错，完形填空)

　　注意标点符号逗号和句号

　　1. I have many friends, most of whom are fromChina.

　　2. I have many friends. Most of them are fromChina.

　　3. We visited the kids, whose parents died in the accident.

　　4. We visited the kids. Their parents died in the accident.

　　注意that/which/where的区别，一看标点符号，二看先行词在从句中的句子成分(主，宾还是状)

　　1. He gave us some advice, that did good to us.(wrong)

　　2. He gave us some advice, which did good to us.(right)

　　3. We visited the school, which we had many good memories.(wrong)

　　4. We visited the school, where we had many good memories(right).

　　注意先行词在从句中做主语时，连词后从句的谓语动词要与先行词保持一致的问题

　　1. Those who wants to succeed have to work hard.(wrong)

　　2. Those who want to succeed have to work hard.(right)

　　注意介词后不能使用连词that/who

　　1. The person to who you spoke is Lee (wrong)

　　2. The person to whom you spoke is Lee(right)

　　注意短文改错中常常需要添加连词的情况

　　1. A stone was put up over the place he was buried.(wrong)

　　2. A stone was put up over the place where he was buried. (Right)

　　注意定语从句中先行词，连词和从句中代词it, them, he, him, there等重复的情况,一般需要删掉从句中的代词it, them, he, him, there

　　1. Please pass me the book (that/which) I have been looking for it. (wrong)

　　2. Please pass me the book (that/which) I have been looking for. (right)

　　3. We are going to visit the factory where our best friend works there. (wrong)

　　4. We are going to visit the factory where our best friend works. (right)

　　根据汉语意思写出含有定语从句的句子

　　明天我会把你要的那本杂志带来的。

　　第一步：找出 “定语(的)+名词”，其中的名词 magazine即为“先行词”

　　“定语(的)+名词” 即为 “定语从句”

　　你要(的)那本杂志 you ask for the magazine

　　第二步：根据 “名词/先行词”在从句中的句子成分来确定连词,并把名词/先行词提前-----那本杂志你要的 the magazine (that/which/省略)you ask for

　　第三步：翻译出全句 Tomorrow I will bring the magazine (that/which) you ask for.

　　翻译成英语=名词+定语从句

　　练习题: 老师讲解的这部分知识太难理解了.

　　1. “定语(的)+名词” : 老师讲解的这部分知识.

　　2. 名词/先行词: the knowledge

　　3. “定语(的)+名词” 即为 “定语从句” ; the teacher explained the knowledge

　　4. The knowledge (that/which) the teacher explained

　　5. The knowledge (that/which) the teacher explained is difficult to understand.

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