定语从句不能用that
英语最早被中世纪的英国使用,并因其广阔的殖民地而成为世界使用面积最广的语言。下面是小编为大家整理的定语从句不能用that,欢迎阅读与收藏。
六用:
(1)先行词为all, everything, anything, nothing, something(也可which),few, little, much等或先行词被all, every, any, no, little, much修饰时。如:
All that can be done has been done. 所有能做的事都已经做了。
Is there anything that I can do for you? 有什么需要我做的吗?
There is not much that can be done. 没有什么可做的了。
You can take any book that you like. 你可以拿你喜欢的任何一本书。
I have read all the novels that you gave me. 你给我的小说我都看完了。
(2)先行词为形容词最高级或先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。如:
His article is the best that has ever been written on the subject. 他的文章是有关这一题目的最好的。
This is the best book that I have ever read. 这是我所读过的最好的书。
(3)先行词为序数词或先行词被序数词修饰时。如:
This is the first time that I heard of it. 这是我第一次听说此事。
The last place that we visited was the Great Wall. 我们参观的最后一个地方是长城。
(4)先行词被the only, the very, the right等修饰时。如:
This is the very watch that I lost the other day. 这就是我那天丢的那块表。
注:以上(2)(3)(4)若先行词指人时,也可用who, whom,但常用that。如:
He was the first that / who was there. 他是第一个到达那里的人。
You are the only person that / who can help me. 你是唯一能帮我的人。
(5)先行词包括人和物两者时。如:
They talked about things and persons that they remembered in the school.他们谈论了他们记得的在学校里的人和事。
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He talked happily of the men and the books that interested him. 他高兴地谈到了他感兴趣的人和书。
(6)当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时。如:
Who is the person that is standing at the gate? 站在大门口的那个人是谁?
Which of us that knows something about physics does not know this? 我们凡是了解物理的有谁不知道这个呢?
三不用:
(1)先行词是用-one或-body构成的'复合不定代词时,不能用that,而用who, whom。如:
Is there anybody else who should be invited? 还该邀请谁?
(2)关系代词前有介词时,不能用that,而用which, whom。如:
Here is the car about which I told you. 这就是我跟你说起的那辆车。
Who is the man with whom you just shook hands? 你刚才跟他握手的那个人是谁?
(3)在非限制性定语从句中,不能用that,而用who, whom, which。如:
I have lost my pen, which I like very much. 我很喜欢我的钢笔,但它丢了。
I have two sisters, who are both students. 我有两个妹妹,她们都是学生。
定语从句that
that常用作关系代词,可指代某人,也可指代某物,指物时有的时候可用which替换that,指人时可用who替换。但在下列情况下,一般用that。
一、that指代某物事时
1.先行词为all, few, little, much, the one, something, anything, everything, nothing等时。如:
(1)We'll do all that we can to protect the endangered plants and animals.
我们将尽我们的最大努力来保护那些濒危的动植物。
(2) There is much that I wan to tell you.
我有很多想要告诉你的话。
(3) Is there anything that I can do for you?
有什么我可以帮你的吗?
2. 先行词被all, every, no, some, any, (a)few, (a)little, much等限定词修饰时。如:
(4) You can borrow any book that you want to read in our school library.
在我们图书馆,你可以借任何你想读的书。
3. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。如:
(5)This is the most beautiful city that I've ever seen.
这是我见过的最漂亮的城市。
4. 先行词被the only, the very, the right, the last 等修饰时。如:
(6)This is the very factory that they visited last summer holiday.
这恰好是他们去年参观的那个工厂。
(7)This is the only painting in this style that we have.
这种风格的画我们仅有一幅。
5. 先行词是并列结构,既有人又有物时。如:
(8)He talked happily of the writer and his books that interested him.
6. 先行词前有the same 修饰,表示和先行词是同一物时。如:
(9)This is the same purse that I lost yesterday.
这就是我昨天丢的那个钱夹。
注:如果表示的是与先行词同一类或相似的某物,则用the same…as….如:
(10)This is the same purse as I lost yesterday.
这个钱夹和我昨天丢的那个一样。
7. 先行词为数词时。
(11)Look at the books on the bookshelf. You can see the two that you bought me for my birthday.
瞧书架上那些书。你可以看到我过生日时你买的那两本。
8. 如果which引导的定语从句中又含有一个定语从句,为避免重复,第二个定语从句用that。如:
(12)They built a factory which produced things that had never been seen.
他们建了一工厂,生产以前从未见过的东西。
9. 以which作主语开头的特殊问句,为了避免重复,定语从句用that。如。
(13)Which is the bus that you will take?
你要乘的是哪一班车?
10. 关系代词在定语从句中作表语时,而且通常省略。如:
(14)My hometown is no longer the place that it used to be.
我的家乡再也不是以前那个样子了。
11. 关系代词在there be 句型中作主语时,而且常可以省略。如:
(15)This is the fastest train (that) there has ever been.
这是有史以来最快的列车。
二、that 指代某人时。
1. 泛指某人时。如:
(16)He is a man that is never at a loss.
他是一个从未一筹莫展的人。
2. 主句是以作主语的who开头的特殊问句,为了避免重复时。如:
(17)Who is the person that is talking with our headmaster?
和我们校长说话的那人是谁?
3. 先行词前有the same时。如:
(18)This is the same man that gave us a talk last year.
这和去年给我们作报告的是同一人。
4. 关系代词在定语从句中作表语时。如:
(19)He has changed. He was not the man (that) he was 10 years ago.
他变了。他再也不是10年前的他了。
另外,that也可用作关系副词,表示时间、地点、原因和方式,在口语中可以用来代替when, where, why 引导的定语从句。在以下名词day, year, time, moment, reason, place等作先行词时,可用that作关系副词引导定语从句。如:
(20)I'll never forget the day (that) I joined the League.
我永远不会忘记我入团的那一天。
(21)Is this the reason (that) they were late for the meeting?
这就是他们开会迟到的原因吗?
(22)We want to find a place (that) we can have a picnic.
我们想找一个我们能野餐的地方。
(23)This is the first time that I have been abroad for traveling.
这是我第一次到国外去旅游。
(注:先行词是time,前面有序数词或last修饰时,常用that引导定语从句或者省略。)
当先行词为表示方式的词the way时,可用that引导定语从句, that常可以省略。
(24)I don't the way you speak to her.
我不喜欢你和她说话那种方式。
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