定语从句关系副词讲解

　　定语从句，是指一类由关系词引导的从句,因为这类从句的句法功能多是做定语，所以曾被称为定语从句，这类从句除了可以做定语之外，还可以充当状语等其他成分，所以现代语言学多使用“关系从句”这一术语。在英语中，定语从句主要通过关系代名词法构成。下面是小编为大家整理的定语从句关系副词讲解作文，仅供参考，希望能够帮助到大家。

　　定语从句关系副词讲解：

　　when的用法

　　关系副词when在定语从句中用作状语，表示时间，用以修饰表示时间的先行词；在许多情况下可以理解为“介词+which”的意思(which的意思与先行词所表示的意思等价)，其中的“介词”通常应根据先行词的含与搭配来确定。如：

　　1988 was the year when he was born. 1988是他的出生年。

　　句中的when he was born为修饰the year的定语从句，关系副词when在此相当于in which。表示在某一年，英语习惯上用介词in，如in 1988, in 2008等，所以此处用in which。

　　I’ll never forget the day when I first met you. 我永远不会忘记第一次见你的那天。

　　句中的when I first met you为修饰the day的.定语从句，关系副词when在此相当于on which。表示在某一天，英语习惯上用介词on，如on that day, on Friday等，所以此处用on which。

　　Don’t forget the time when the wedding will start. 不要忘记婚礼开始的时间。

　　句中的when the wedding will start为修饰the time的定语从句，关系副词when在此相当于at which。表示在某一时刻，英语习惯上用介词at，如at that time, at the moment等，所以此处用at which。

　　where的用法

　　关系副词where在定语从句中也是用作状语，表示地点，用以修饰表示地点的先行词；在许多情况下也可以理解为“介词+which”的意思(which的意思与先行词所表示的意思等价)，其中的“介词”通常应根据先行词的含与搭配来确定。如：

　　What is the name of the town where you live? 你住的那个城市叫什么名字?

　　句中的where you live为修饰the town的定语从句，关系副词where在此相当于in which。表示住在某城市，英语习惯上说 live in a city，所以此处用 in which。

　　This cross marks the spot where she died. 这个十字符号标明她死去的地点。

　　句中的 where she died 为修饰 the spot 的定语从句，关系副词 where 在此相当于 at which。表示在某一地点，英语习惯上说 at a spot，所以此处用 at which。

　　why的用法

　　关系副词why在定语从句中也是用作状语，表示原因；why引导定语从句时，其先行词只有一个，那就是the reason；在许多情况下why也可以理解为for which。如：

　　These are the reasons why we do it. 这些就是我们这样做的理由。

　　句中的why we do it为修饰the reason的定语从句，关系副词why在此相当于for which。

　　Do you know the reason why she doesn’t like me? 你知道她不喜欢我的原因吗?

　　句中的why she doesn’t like me为修饰the reason的定语从句，关系副词why在此相当于for which。

　　why是一个比较特殊的关系副词，它引导定语从句时，除可换成for which外，有时也可换成that，甚至省略。如：

　　他失去工作的主要原因是他喝酒。

　　正：The main reason why he lost his job was that he drank.

　　正：The main reason for which he lost his job was that he drank.

　　正：The main reason that he lost his job was that he drank.

　　正：The main reason he lost his job was that he drank.

　　定语从句关系副词考点整理：

　　关系副词有when, where, why三个，在定语从句中一般作状语；how不能作关系副词。

　　考点1.关系副词在定语从句中常作状语

　　1.【2015陕西】As the smallest child of his family,Alex is always longing for the time______he should be able to be independent.A.whichB.whereC.whomD.when

　　2.【2009重庆】Life is like a long race ______ we compete with others to go beyond ourselves.A. whyB. whatC. thatD. where

　　3.【2012浙江】Welive in an age______more information is available with great ease than ever before.A. whyB. whenC. to whomD. on which

　　4.【2013四川】Nowadays people are more concerned about theenvironment______they live.A. whatB. whichC. whenD. where

　　考点2.the way作先行词

　　首先要确定the way在定语从句中作什么成分。如果the way在定语从句中作主语或宾语，要选用关系代词。

　　①I don’t like the way ______ will cost too much money.

　　②The way ______ he thought of to solve the problem was not practical.

　　在句①中，the way在定语从句中作主语，因此要填关系代词that/which。在句②中，the way在定语从句中作宾语，因此也要用关系代词：that/which/省略。

　　如果the way在定语从句中作状语(定语从句还原后是in the way)，关系词用下面三种情况的任一种：in which；that；省略。

　　The way ______ he answered the question was surprising.A. howB. thatC. in whichD./ E. B/C/D

　　定语从句恢复为完整的一句话后为：He answered the question in the way.in the way在定语从句中作状语，因此选E。

　　5.That is not the way ______ I do it.A./B. whichC. for whichD. with which

　　6.This is the only way______you can find.A. thatB./C. in which D. A, B and CE. A and B

　　7.I don’t like the way______he spoke to his mother.A. thatB./C. in whichD. A, B and C

　　考点3.situation, case, point, business等作先行词，关系副词常用where

　　8.【2009浙江】I have reached a point in my life______I am supposed to make decisions of my own.A.whichB.whereC.howD.why

　　9.【2003上海】I can think of many cases______students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldn’t write a good essay.A. whyB. whichC. asD. where

　　10.【2008江西】Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers______consumer complaints have resulted in changes in the law.A. whereB. whenC. whoD. which

　　11.【2004湖南】I work in a business______almost everyone is waitingfora great chance.A. howB. whichC. whereD. that

　　12.【2009福建】It’s helpful to put children in a situation______they can see themselves differently.A. thatB. whenC. whichD. where

　　考点4.occasion(时机)作先行词时关系副词用when

　　It was a rare -indeed unique occasion when I was able to put Ritchie right.

　　考点5.when引导非限制性定语从句

　　13.It was an exciting moment for these football fans this year,______for the firsttimein years their team won the world cup.A. thatB. whileC. whichD. when

　　14.The rainbow can’t be seen at noon,______the sun is high inthesky.A. whileB. whenC. soD. that

　　15.Weplayedin the garden till sunset,______it began to rain.A.whenB.afterC.whileD.then

　　I.单句改错

　　1.【2006安徽】Most public libraries also have a reading-room, that you can sit at the desk and read the daily newspapers,magazinesand other books, but you are not permittedto take them out.

　　2.We’rejusttrying to reach a pointwhichboth sides will sit down together and talk.

　　3.There are some reasons for they do this.

　　4.I hope I can be admitted to a good college, which I will have a chance to improve my English further.

　　II.语法填空（每空至多填三词）

　　5.【2014上海】After graduation from university,Ihad been unable to secure a permanent job in my small town. So I decided to leave home for New York, ______Imight have a better chance to find a good job.

　　6.【2013福建】As students, there are many waysin_____you can serve thecommunity.

　　7.【2008湖北】The cityIgrew upis very hot and damp in summer.

　　8.【2015天津】The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere______his employeesenjoy their work.

　　III.写作技能提升

　　9.现在我们已经到了一个对我们未来非常重要的时刻，我们应当全身心地学习（point, be critical to, suppose, devote…to）

　　10.有许多案例，学生课堂不听讲，最后以辍学告终。（case, drop out of）

　　11.一方面，我钦佩他的才能，但另一方面，我不喜欢他对待别人那种方式。（gift, the way, treat）

　　12.我英语差的原因是我对英语不感兴趣。（the reason, be interested in）

　　13.正常情况下，我们10点到家，这时大多数人已经睡着了。（normally, go to sleep）

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