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表语从句的定语
导语:表语从句(Predicative Clause)就是用一个句子作为表语。以下小编为大家介绍表语从句的定语文章,欢迎大家阅读参考!
表语从句的定语
1.连系动词be,appear,seem,look等之后可以跟表语从句.
It was because he didn't pass the exam.那是因为他没有通过考试.
It seems(that)he was late for the train.看来他没搭上火车.
It appears that she was wrong.看来她错了.
It seems to me that we should answer for this.在我看来,我们似乎应该对此事负责.
It appears to her that he wants to teach us all he has.在她看来,他似乎要把他所会的都教给我们.
2.引导表语从句的引导词有以下几类.
1)wh-疑问词
My question is who left.我想问的是谁离开了.
What I wonder is when he left.我想知道他是何时离开的.
That's what he wants.那是他想要的.
This is where they once lived.这就是他们曾经住过的地方.
That is why he didn't come here.这就是他为何没到这儿来的原因.
2)whether
My question is whether he left(or not).我的问题是他是否离开了.
注:if不能引导表语从句.
3)that
The fact is that he left.事实是他离开了.
注:引导表语从句的连词that间或可以省略.
The truth is(that)I didn't go there.事实是我没去那儿.
4)because,as,as if,as though
It's just because he doesn't know her.这是仅仅因为他不认识她.
Things are not always as they seem to be.事物并不总是如其表象.
He looks as if he's tired.他好像累了.
定语从句:修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句,一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面.2.关系词:引导定语从句的关联词成为关系词 关系词有关系代词和关系副词.关系代词有that,which,who,whom,whose,as
表语从句(Predicative Clause)就是用一个句子作为表语。说明主语是什么,由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语充当表语。
表语是用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的,表语常由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、动词的-ing、从句来充当,它常位于系动词(be, become, appear, seem,look,sound,feel,get,smell等词)之后。如果句子的表语也是由一个句子充当的,那么这个充当表语的句子就叫做表语从句。
一、名词作表语
Africa is a big continent.
非洲是个大洲。
That remains a puzzle to me.
这对我还是个难题。
二、代词作表语
What’s your fax number?
你的传真号是多少?
Who's your best friend?
你最好的朋友是谁?
三、形容词作表语
I feel much better today.
我今天感觉好多了。
He is old but he is healthy。
他很老,但他很健康。
四、数词作表语
She was the first to learn about it.
她是第一个知道的人。
五、不定式作表语
Her job is selling computers.
她的工作是销售电脑。
Our next step was to get raw materials ready.
我们下一步是把原料准备好。
作表语的不定式短语通常是说明主语的内容,这时主语通常是如下名词:
hope, idea, job, plan, wish, aim, purpose, thing, business
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The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, not to make it more difficult.
新技术的目的是使生活更便利,而不是更繁琐。
Her wish is to become a singer.
她的愿望是当一名歌手。
Our plan is to finish the work in two weeks.
我们的计划就是在两星期内完成这项工作。
六、介词短语作表语
The patient is out of danger.
病人脱险了。
I don’t feel at ease.
我感到不自在。
七. 副词作表语
The sun is up.
太阳升起来了。
I must be off now.
我得走了。
八.从句作表语
This is what he said.
这就是他所说的话。
表语从句的注意事项
A
表语从句一定要用正常语序。
False: The question is when can he arrive at the hotel.
Right: The question iswhen he can arrive at the hotel.
B
引导名词性从句时if/whether(是否)用法辨析:
if不能引导表语从句,只能用whether 来引导。
引导宾语从句时if/whether可以互换,但介词后面的宾语从句只能用whether来引导。
位于句首的主语从句只能用whether来引导,同位语从句也只能用whether来引导。
False: The question is if the enemy is marching towards us.
Right: The question is whether the enemy is marching towards us.
C
不像宾语从句,在有表语从句的复合句中,主句时态和从句时态可以不一致。
Right: The question is who will travel with me to Beijing tomorrow.
Right: The question is why he cried yesterday.
D
that在表语从句中不可以省掉。 表语从句只能置于主句之后,而主句的动词只能是连系动词。
名词性从句在be等系动词后作表语时被称为表语从句。
例如:
The problem is how we can get the things we need.
问题是我们怎样能弄到我们需要的'东西。(how 在表语从句中充当方式状语)
The scissors are not what I need.
这把剪刀不是我所需要的。(what 在表语从句中充当宾语)
What I told him was that I would find him a good play.
我告诉他的是我会给他找个好剧本。(what在主语从句中作直接宾语, that作为表语从句的引导词在该表语从句中不充当句子成分,但不能省略)
That is what I want to tell you.
那就是我想要对你讲的。(what在表语从句中充当直接宾语)
That is why she failed to pass the exam.
那就是她考试不及格的原因。(why 在表语从句中充当原因状语)
“That is why...”是常用句型, 意为“这就是……的原因/因此……”, 其中why引导的名词性从句在句中作表语, 该句型通常用于针对前面已经说明过的原因进行总结,
又如:
That is why you see this old woman before you know,Jeanne.
珍妮, 这就是现在这个老太婆出现在你面前的原因。(前文提到Jeanne对老妇人显得苍老憔悴深感诧异,说话人对她讲述了其中的原因之后,用这一句来进行概括)。
That is why I came.
这就是我来的原因。
下面是两个与“That is why...”形式相似的结构, 它们与“That is why...”结构之间的关系要能够辨析清楚:
(1)“That is why...”与“That is the reason why...”同义, 只不过从语法结构上讲, “That is the reason why...”中why引导的是—个定语从句, 将其中的the reason去掉则与“That is why...”结构一样, 例如:
That is (the reason) why I cannot agree.
这就是我不能同意的理由。
(2)“That is because...”句型中从属连词because引导的名词性从句在此作表语, 这也是个常用句型, 意为“这就是为什么……/因为……”。“That is because...”与“That is why...”之间的不同在于“That is because...”指原因或理由, “That is why...”则指由于各种原因所造成的后果, 例如:
He did not see the film last night. That is because he had to help his little sister with her homework.
昨天晚上他没有去看电影, 那是因为他得帮助他的妹妹做作业。(第一句话说明结果, 第二句话说明原因)
He had seen the film before. That is why he did not see it last night.
他以前曾看过那部电影, 因此他昨天晚上没有去看。(第一句话说明原因, 第二句话说明结果)
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