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定语从句修饰主语
在学习定语从句时,我们要学会怎么判断它是修饰主语还是在修饰宾语!以下是定语从句修饰主语的用法,一起来学习吧!
定语从句修饰主语1
如何判断定语从句是修饰主语还是宾语
定语从句修饰主语时放在主语的后面,修饰宾语时则放在宾语的后面。
一个简单句跟在一名词或代词后(先行词)进行修饰限定,这个句子就叫做定语从句。在主句中充当定语成分。
被修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句不同于单词作定语的情况,它通常只能放在被修饰的词(即先行词)之后。定语 从句由关系词(关系代词、关系副词)引导,关系代词、关系副词位于定语从句句首。
一、关系代词引导的定语从句
关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语 从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1)who, whom, that
这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下:
Is he the man who/that wants to see you?
他就是想见你的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)
He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.
他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)
2) Whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换), 例如:
They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。
Please pass me the book whose (of which the) cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。
3)which, that
它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等,例如:
A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。(which / that在句中作主语)
The package which / that you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。(which / that 在句中作宾语)
二、关系副词引导的定语从句
关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语。
1)when, where, why
关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构,因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用,例 如:
There are occasions when (on which) one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。
Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born. 北京是我的出生地。
Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer? 这就是他拒绝我们帮忙的理由吗?
2)that代替关系副词
that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和"介词+ which"引导的定语从 句,在得正式文体中that常被省略(正式文体中不可省略),例如:
His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born. 他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。
He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十 年前居住过的地方。
判断关系代词与关系副词
方法一: 用关系代词,还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语,就必须要 求用关系代词。例如:
(错) This is the mountain village where I visited last year.
(错) I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.
(对) This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year.
(对) I'll never forget the days (which) I spent in the countryside.
习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词 where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。
方法二: 准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状),也能正确选择出关系代词和关系副词,先行词在从句中作主、定、宾语时,应选择关系代词;先行词在从句中作状语时,应选择关系副词。
例如:(对)Is this the museum which you visited a few days ago?
(对)Is this the museum where the exhibition was held?
定语从句修饰主语2
as引导的定语从句
在一些习惯用法上,as能兼作关系代词、关系副词,经常引导定语从句。
惯用型1:
such… as…像……一样的
the same…as…与……同样的
I seldom meetsucha beggarasI met today.
我很少碰到今天这样的乞丐。
(as是代词,在定语从句中作宾语)
Please choosesuchapplesascan be put in my bracket.
请选择我能放入篮子里这样的苹果。
(as在定语从句中作主语)
I am notthe samekind of personasyou are.
我可不是和你一类的人。
(as在从句中作表语)
You may takethe samebusaswe take.
你可乘坐我们坐的同一辆大巴。
(as在从句中作宾语)
惯用型2:
such as…
在这种场合,such是代词,表示“这种人、这种物”,as是关系代词。
He is notsuchasyou can imagine.
他不是你能想象得到的那种人。
We have got a lot of drinkssuchasyou can find in supermarkets.
我们习了大量在超市能找到的那种饮料。
惯用型3:
as…
…, as…
as引导的定语从句,有时像非限制性定语从句一样修饰整个主句或者主句的一部分,但它的位置比较灵活,可以放在被修饰的主句后面,也可以放在主句前面。
例如:
Asyou can see, we are all students.
你能看得出,我们都是学生。
=We are allstudents,asyou can see.
=We are all students,whichyou can see.
(这是详细的解读,大家请熟悉啊)
Asyou know, we need to hurry up.
大家知道,我们需要加快速度。
He is not very honest,asyou have proved.
她不是很诚实,这一点你已证实了。
欢迎转发啊~~~发动大家来做作业,学英语~
英语作业
改错(正确句子不改):
6. I had a friend who working in a hi-tech company.
7.Do you remember the fat man we talked 10 days ago?
8.Don’t worry about the mistakes that you would possibly make.
9.It was the day in which we got together.
10.Is this the house which you are living?
分析句子的英语语法结构,并翻译成中文:
Qatar could face further sanctions by Arab states as a deadline to accept a series of demands from its Gulf neighbours, including closing down the television network al-Jazeera, passes on Sunday night. Rex Tillerson, the US secretary of state, was working the phones to see whether acompromise could be reached but Qatari leaders have effectively rejected the 13demands tabled 10 days ago by Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Egypt and Bahrain.
英语作业参考答案:
我很想知道这是不是我的过错,如果是,当然我应该向他道歉,如果不是,那是谁的错呢?是他自己的错吗?突然,我有了一个好主意——我可以同他去谈谈。我想他不会拒绝与我交谈的,因为我知道他是一个通情达理的人。
I wondered whether it was my fault. If it was my fault, of course I should apologize to him. If it was not my fault, whose fault was it? Was it his own fault? Suddenly, I got a good idea that I could have a talk with him. I thought he wouldn't refuse to talk with me because I knew he was a reasonable man.
定语从句修饰主语3
that常用作关系代词,可指代某人,也可指代某物,指物时有的时候可用which替换that,指人时可用who替换。但在下列情况下,一般用that。
一、that指代某物事时
1.先行词为all, few, little, much, the one, something, anything, everything, nothing等时。如:
(1)We'll do all that we can to protect the endangered plants and animals.
我们将尽我们的最大努力来保护那些濒危的动植物。
(2) There is much that I wan to tell you.
我有很多想要告诉你的话。
(3) Is there anything that I can do for you?
有什么我可以帮你的吗?
2. 先行词被all, every, no, some, any, (a)few, (a)little, much等限定词修饰时。如:
(4) You can borrow any book that you want to read in our school library.
在我们图书馆,你可以借任何你想读的书。
3. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。如:
(5)This is the most beautiful city that I've ever seen.
这是我见过的最漂亮的城市。
4. 先行词被the only, the very, the right, the last 等修饰时。如:
(6)This is the very factory that they visited last summer holiday.
这恰好是他们去年参观的那个工厂。
(7)This is the only painting in this style that we have.
这种风格的画我们仅有一幅。
5. 先行词是并列结构,既有人又有物时。如:
(8)He talked happily of the writer and his books that interested him.
6. 先行词前有the same 修饰,表示和先行词是同一物时。如:
(9)This is the same purse that I lost yesterday.
这就是我昨天丢的那个钱夹。
注:如果表示的是与先行词同一类或相似的某物,则用the same…as….如:
(10)This is the same purse as I lost yesterday.
这个钱夹和我昨天丢的那个一样。
7. 先行词为数词时。
(11)Look at the books on the bookshelf. You can see the two that you bought me for my birthday.
瞧书架上那些书。你可以看到我过生日时你买的那两本。
8. 如果which引导的定语从句中又含有一个定语从句,为避免重复,第二个定语从句用that。如:
(12)They built a factory which produced things that had never been seen.
他们建了一工厂,生产以前从未见过的东西。
9. 以which作主语开头的特殊问句,为了避免重复,定语从句用that。如。
(13)Which is the bus that you will take?
你要乘的是哪一班车?
10. 关系代词在定语从句中作表语时,而且通常省略。如:
(14)My hometown is no longer the place that it used to be.
我的家乡再也不是以前那个样子了。
11. 关系代词在there be 句型中作主语时,而且常可以省略。如:
(15)This is the fastest train (that) there has ever been.
这是有史以来最快的列车。
二、that 指代某人时。
1. 泛指某人时。如:
(16)He is a man that is never at a loss.
他是一个从未一筹莫展的人。
2. 主句是以作主语的who开头的特殊问句,为了避免重复时。如:
(17)Who is the person that is talking with our headmaster?
和我们校长说话的那人是谁?
3. 先行词前有the same时。如:
(18)This is the same man that gave us a talk last year.
这和去年给我们作报告的是同一人。
4. 关系代词在定语从句中作表语时。如:
(19)He has changed. He was not the man (that) he was 10 years ago.
他变了。他再也不是10年前的他了。
另外,that也可用作关系副词,表示时间、地点、原因和方式,在口语中可以用来代替when, where, why 引导的定语从句。在以下名词day, year, time, moment, reason, place等作先行词时,可用that作关系副词引导定语从句。如:
(20)I'll never forget the day (that) I joined the League.
我永远不会忘记我入团的那一天。
(21)Is this the reason (that) they were late for the meeting?
这就是他们开会迟到的原因吗?
(22)We want to find a place (that) we can have a picnic.
我们想找一个我们能野餐的地方。
(23)This is the first time that I have been abroad for traveling.
这是我第一次到国外去旅游。
(注:先行词是time,前面有序数词或last修饰时,常用that引导定语从句或者省略。)
当先行词为表示方式的'词the way时,可用that引导定语从句, that常可以省略。
(24)I don't the way you speak to her.
我不喜欢你和她说话那种方式。
定语从句修饰主语4
1) 引导方式状语从句的连词主要有 as ,like, as if, as though, however:
as:
You ought to do as I tell you. 你应当照我说的做。
When at Rome, do as the Romans do. 入境随俗。
like:
She cant draw like her sister can. 她不能象她姐姐那样画画。
Do it like I tell you. 照我告诉你的那样做。
as if:
He paused as if expecting her to speak. 他停了停,像是在期待她说话。
He glanced about as if in search of something. 他四处看了看,仿佛在找什么似的。
as though:
He shivered about as though with cold. 他颤抖了一下,好象受了寒气一样。
When she had finished she waited as though for a reply.
她讲完之后等了等,像是在等候回答。
however:
Arrange your hours however you like. 你的时间你可以随意安排。
You may use it however you like. 你可以随意使用它。
In ones own home one can act however he wishes. 在家里你愿干什么就干什么。
2)the way
He doesnt speak the way I do. 他不像我这样说话。
定语从句修饰主语5
定语从句在初中英语中的重要性主要体现在完形、阅读和写作中,因此,能否较好的掌握定语从句直接关系到你英语成绩的拔高。其实,定语从句并不难.
一. 定语从句的概念
在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,引导定语从句的词叫关系词,定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。
二. 引导定语从句的关系词
引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词,常见的关系代词包括that, which, who(宾格whom,所有格whose)等,关系副词包括where, when, why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的重要成分。
三. 定语从句的分类
根据定语从句与先行词的关系,定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词,主句与从句不用逗号分开,从句不可省去。非限制性定语从句与主句之间有逗号分开,起补充说明作用,如省去,意思仍完整。
四. 关系代词的用法
1. that 既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。作主语时不可省略,作宾语可省略。例如:
Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.
玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。(that作主语)
The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue.
我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。(that作宾语)
2.which用于指物,在句中作主语、宾语或表语。作主语不可省略,作宾语可省略。例如:
The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.
位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。(作主语)
The film (which) we saw last night was wonderful.
我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。(作宾语)
3.who, whom用于指人,who 用作主语,whom用作宾语。在口语中,有时可用who代替whom。who和whom作宾语时也可省略。例如:
The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.
经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。(作主语)
Who is the teacher (whom) Li Ming is talking to?
正在与李明谈话的老师是谁?(作宾语)
注意:
(1)当定语从句中含有介词,介词放在句末时,who,whom,that, which可省略,但介词在关系代词前时,只能用介词+which/whom结构。例如:
This is the house in which we lived last year.
这是我们去年居住的房子。
Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.请告诉我你从谁那借的这本英文小说。
(2)含有介词的固定动词词组中,介词不可前置,只能放在原来的位置上。例如:
This is the person whom you are looking for.
这就是你要找的那个人。
(3)that 作介词的宾语时,介词不能放它的前面,只能放在从句中动词的后面。例如:
The city that she lives in is very far away.
她居住的城市非常远。
(4)关系词只能用that的情况:
a. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰,或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时,只能用that,而不用which.例如:
He was the first person that passed the exam.
他是第一个通过考试的人。
b. 被修饰的先行词为all, any, much, many, everything, anything, none, the one等不定代词指物时,只能用that,而不用which.例如:
Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop?
你在商店里有什么东西要买吗?
c. 先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last, little, few 等词修饰时,只能用that,而不用which.例如:
This is the same bike that I lost.
这就是我丢的那辆自行车。
d. 先行词里同时含有人或物时,只能用that, 而不用which.例如:
I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.
我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。
e. 以who或which引导的特殊疑问句,为避免重复,只能用that.例如:
Who is the girl that is crying?
正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁?
f. 主句是there be 结构,修饰主语的定语从句用that,而不用which,例如:
There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom.
桌子上那本书是汤姆的。
(5)关系词只能用which,而不用that 的情况:
a. 先行词为that, those时,用which, 而不用that.例如:
Whats that which is under the desk?
在桌子底下的那些东西是什么?
b. 关系代词前有介词时,which,而不用that.例如:
This is the room in which he lives.
这是他居住的房间。
c. 引导非限制性定语从句,先行词指事物时,用which, 而不用that,例如:
Tom came back, which made us happy.
汤姆回来了,这使我们很高兴。
五. 关系副词的用法
1. when指时间,其先行词表示时间,when在定语从句中作时间状语。例如:
This was the time when he arrived.
这是他到达的时间。
2. where指地点,其先行词表示地点,where在定语从句中作地点状语。例如:
This is place where he works.
这是他工作的地点。
3. why 指原因,其先行词是原因,why在定语从句中做原因状语。例如:
Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school.
没人知道他为什么上学总迟到。
好啦,关于定语从句,你学会了吗?
定语从句修饰主语6
定语从句一类的题目要考虑三个要素:先行词、关系词、关系词在定语从句中的成分。
定语从句的关系词的解题技巧是:关系代词(that;which;who)在从句中做主语或者宾语, 关系副词(when;where;why)在从句中任状语。
这个句子的定语从句是I've visited...visit是一个及物动词,它需要带一个宾语,由此我们可以判断出需要填入的是一个关系代词。where是关系副词,不能选;that是关系代词,可以填入,在从句中做visit的宾语。为了更明白的说明这个问题,请比较以下两个句子:
1.I can tell you about the place that I've visited.(that做从句里visit的宾语)
2.I can tell you about the place where I saw Tom yesterday.(where在从句中做状语,因为从句动词saw已经有宾语Tom)。
定语从句修饰主语7
【知识点】定语从句的倒装结构。
“介词+关系代词+从句谓语+从句主语”,即将整个谓语放在主语前面。我们的学习不仅要知其然,还要知其所以然。那么,为什么要采用倒装呢?往往是因为定语从句的主语较复杂,所以按照英语的尾重原则而后置了。
【句子拆分】
this is the world——主句;
out of which ... of a society——定语从句,修饰world;
where there ... from fear——定语从句,修饰society。
【翻译难点】
1、for the first time in history 为插入语,不要因此影响了对原句的理解。插入语可以先不看,再调整原句语序,得到 the hope of a society grows out of which (the world),表示”希望建立这样一个社会“。
2、freedom from want and freedom from fear,其中freedom from来自于形容词短语 free from,表示“免除,没有”。另外要注意名词 want 意思为”贫困“。所以整个短语可译成”摆脱贫困,摆脱恐惧“。
【精品译文】在这个世界,人类首次希望建立这样一个社会——在那里,他们将会摆脱贫困,摆脱恐惧。
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