特殊定语从句
在日复一日的学习、工作或生活中，大家一定没少看到经典的句子吧，句子是能够表达一个相对完整的意思，有一定的语调，表示不同的语气，句未有一个较大停顿的语言单位。其实很多朋友都不太清楚什么样的句子才是好的，下面是小编整理的特殊定语从句句子，仅供参考，希望能够帮助到大家。
特殊定语从句
■since / until / by when引导的定语从句
定语从句中有一类是since / until / by when引导的定语从句, 这类比较特殊的定语从句，一般都可整合为and连接的并列句。and since / until / by then= since / until / by when
借助并列句分析解此类定语从句，就会简单易懂易记。
【典型例题1】
The book was written in 1946, _______ the education system has witnessed great changes.
A. when B. during which
C. since then D. since when
【解析】句意：该书写于1946年，从那以后教育制度已经历了 巨大变化。因从句中“has witnessed”是完成时，而只有含 since引导的时间状语句子才用完成时，故此句可改写：
The book was written in 1946, and since then the education system has witnessed great changes.
【典型例题2】
The baby is due in May, _______ the new house should be finished.
A. by then B. which
C. by when D. since when
【解析】句意：“那个婴儿五月将出生，到那时他 / 她家的新房应该能装修完毕了。”故此句可改写：
The baby is due in May, and by then the new house should be finished.
【典型例题3】
I am going back to my hometown this summer, ________I will have enough time to buy a car.
A. by then B. which
C. by when D. since when
【解析】句意：今年夏天我打算回家乡，到那时我就会有足够的时间买辆车。从句的时态是将来时，所以排除D，从句中的成分是完整的，排除B，by then不能引导从句，by when在句意和时态上都吻合题意，相当于and by then,故故此句可改写：
I am going back to my hometown this summer, and by then I will have enough time to buy a car.
【典型例题4】
Tom has been living a comfortable life, _______his parents run away due to heavy debts.
A. until then B. until when
C. since then D. since when
【解析】句意：Tom在父母亲的照顾下，过着富裕的生活，直到他父母由于沉重的债务跑掉了。until then 和since then 不能引导从句，since when时态需要用完成时，正确答案是B。
本句可以改写为：
Tom has been living a comfortable life, and until then his parents run away due to heavy debts.
■which + n. 引导的定语从句
which可以加概括意义的名词，引导定语从句。
and during / by that time=during / by which time 在那段时间
and in that case = in which case 在那种情况下
and at that point = at which point 在那时
and that language = which language 那种语言
【典型例题1】
He can speak German, ________language I can only follow with difficulty.
A. that B. whose
C. which D. what
【解析】句意：他会说德语，那种语言我要很费力地才能听懂。A,D不能引导非限制性定语从句，whose和language的关系不是所属关系，所以答案是which 。此句可改写：
He can speak German, and I can only follow that language with difficulty.
【典型例题2】
She may be late, ________we ought to wait for her.
A. in which case B. in that case
C. where D. from where
【解析】句意：她可能迟到，那种情况我们该等她。C,D与题意不吻合，in that case不能引导从句，in which case 能引导从句，而且和词组吻合。本句可改写成：
He may be late and in that case we ought to wait for him
【句子转换】
1. 他被任命为主席，在那个位置上他度过了余生。
He was appointed chairman, in which post he spent the rest of his life.
= He was appointed chairman and in that post he spent the rest of his life.
2. 他发了脾气，在那个时刻我决定回家。
He lost his temper, at which point I decided to go home.
= He lost his temper and at that point I decided to go home.
3. 在家里，他好像十点半之后才有空，到那时孩子们已上床睡觉了。
At home, he never seems to have time until after 10:30 pm, by which time his children have gone to bed.
= At home, he never seems to have time until after 10:30 pm, and by that time his children have gone to bed.
4. 我们做了三年隔壁邻居，在此期间我们只见过两次面。
We were next-door neighbors for three years, during which time we met only twice.
= We were next-door neighbors for three years, and during this / that time we met only twice.
5. 被告知我的工作不能令人满意，闻讯后我便递交了辞呈。
I was told my work was unsatisfactory, at which point I submitted my resignation.
= I was told my work was unsatisfactory, and at this / that point I submitted my resignation.
6. 他在学习经济学，这门知识在当今非常重要。
He is studying economics, which knowledge is pretty important today.
= He is studying economics, and this knowledge is pretty important today.
■after / before which 引导的定语从句
and after / before that = after / before which
【典型例题1】
He was educated at a local grammar school, _______ he went on to Cambridge.
A. from which B. after that
C. after which D. from this
【解析】句意：他在当地一所文法学校上学，之后他便去了剑桥。after that意为“然后，之后”，但不能引导一个定语从句，因此B项也被排除;after which相当于and after that，故此句可改写为：
He was educated at a local grammar school, and after that he went on to Cambridge.
【典型例题2】
He left his hometown 20 years ago, _______nothing was heard about him.
A. since when B. after that
C. after which D. from this
【解析】句意：20年前他离开家乡，从那以后再没有他的消息。Since when与与过去时态不吻合，需要用完成时;B,D不能接定语从句，所以C正确。本句改写成：
He left his hometown 20 years ago and after that nothing was heard about him.
句子转换
我在东关中学工作了九年，之前我在光明中学工作。
I worked in Dongguan Senior Middle School for 9 years, before which I worked in Gunagming Senior Middle School.
= I worked in Dongguan Senior Middle School for 9 years, and before that I worked in Gunagming Senior Middle School.
【小结点拨】
根据上述学习内容，做出如下总结：
1.带有this, that的短语，引导定语从句时，要将this, that变为 which。
2.带有then, now的短语，引导定语从句时，要将then, now变为when。
巩固练习：
1.He believes in public ownership, ______ idea I quite opposed to.
A. this B. that C. which D. what
2.The baby is due in May, _______ the new house should be finished.
A. by then B. by which C. by when D. since when
3.Mark was a student at this university from 1999 to 2003, _______ he studied very hard and was made Chairman of the Students’ Union.
A. during which time B. for which time
C. during whose time D. by that time
4. The new China was founded in 1949, _______ great changes have taken place.
A. when B. during which C. since then D. since when
定语从句的特殊情况
一、只用that不用which的情况
1、 当先行词是all, little, few, much, something, everything, anything, nothing, none等不定代词时。如： Everything that happened then was like a nightmare.当时发生的一切就像是一场噩梦。
I will tell him all that you told me at the ball.我要把你在舞会上跟我说的话全都告诉他。
2、 当先行词被only, any, few, little, no, all, just, very（恰好的,表示强调）等词修饰时。例如： The only thing that we could do was to wait.我们能做的只是等待。
That’s the very thing that we can do.那正是我们能做的事。
3、当先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。例如：
The first place that we visited was the Great Wall.我们参观的第一个地方是长城。
This is the best novel that I have ever read.这是我看过的最好的小说。
4、被修饰词为数词时。例如：
Yesterday I caught two fish and put them in a basin of water. Now you can see the two that are still alive. 昨天我捉到了两条鱼，把它们放在一盆水里。 你可以看到那两条鱼还活着呢。
5、先行词被the only, the very(正是,恰是), the same, the last修饰时
The white flower is the only one ( that) I really like.
This is the very book (that) I want to find.
The last place( that) we visited was the hospital.
This is the same watch that I lost yesterday.
6、主句是There be结构，修饰其主语的定语从句宜用that作关系代词修饰物。例句：
There’s still a room that is free.还有一个空房间。
7、先行词中同时包括人和物时。例如：
We talked about the people and the villages that we remembered.我们谈论了我们记得的人和村子。
He asked about the factories and workers that he had visited.他问起他去过的这几家工厂和工人的情况。
8、当主句中有who, which时，而定语从句中也要用到who或which时，为了避免who…who, which…which等重叠，定语从句要用that引导。例如：
Who is the man that is standing by the door? 站在门边的那个男人是谁？
Which of the two cows that you keep produces more milk? 你养的那两头奶牛中哪一个产奶多？
9、人或物在定语从句中表语时，用that引导定语从句，而that通常也可以省略。例如：
He is no longer the man that he was.他不再是过去的他。
二、修饰物时只用which不用that的情况
1、 当关系词前有介词时。例如：
This is the room in which Chairman Mao once lived.这就是毛主席曾经住过的地方。
2、先行词为that时。例如：
The clock is that which can tell us the time.钟是报时的装置。
三、修饰人时只用who不用that的情况
1、先行词为one, ones, anyone, those指代人时。如：
The person I want to learn from is one who studies
hard and works well.我最羡慕的是学习勤奋，工作出色的人。
2、在There be结构中，修饰主语的定语从句宜用 who关系代词指代人。例如：
There’s a gentleman who wants to see you.有位先生想见你。
3、当先行词有较长的后置定语时。例如：
I met a foreigner in the park yesterday afternoon who could speak Chinese very well.昨天下午我在公园里遇到一位中文讲得非常好的外国人。
4、一个句子中带有两个定语从句，其中一个定语从句的关系代词是that, 另一个宜用who以避免重复。The student that was praised at yesterday’s meeting is the monitor who is very modest and works very hard.受到校长表扬的学生是位谦虚好学的班长。
注意：当关系代词前面有介词时，只能用whom。例如：
The person to whom this letter was addressed died three years ago.这封信的收信人三年前就去世了。
四、way在定语从句作先行词的用法
当先行词为way时，定语从句的引导词可用in which, that或省略引导词。例如：
I don’t like the way （that /in which）he looks at me. 我不喜欢他那种样子看着我。
五、在定语从句中作状语的关系副词when, where, why的用法
1、先行词表示时间时，定语从句中的谓语动词如果是不及物动词，用关系副词when或介词+ which; 如果是及物动词，用which或that都行。例如：
I still remember the days when（=on which）we lived together.我仍然记得我们在一起的时光。
2、先行词表示地点时，如果定语从句中谓语动词是不及物动词，用关系副词where或介词+which; 如果是及物动词时，用which或that都可以。例如：
This is the small village where (=in which) Chairman Mao ever lived. 这就是毛主席曾经居住过的小村庄。
3、 表示原因时，why前的先行词是表示原因的名词reason。例如：
Can you tell me the reason why (=for which) you didn’t finish your homework? 你能告诉我你没有完成作业的原因吗？
六、whose引导的定语从句
Whose引导定语从句时，其先行词可以指人，也可以指物，当先行词指物时，可以用the+名词+of which的结构。例如：
He studies in a school whose buildings(=the buildings of which) are built on top of a hill.
他就读的学校其房子都建在山顶上。
七、of短语作为定语从句的先行词的情况
one of the +复数名词这一结构后面的定语从句中的谓语动词，通常用复数形式，与定语从句所靠近的那个复数名词在数上保持一致。但如果one of the+复数名词这一结构前面带有the/only/the only之类的限定语，从句的谓语动词则要用单数形式，此时从句在意义上修饰的是the one. 例如：
Tom is one of the boys who were late that morning. 汤姆是那天早晨迟到的男生之一。 Tom is the (only/the only )one of the boys who was late that morning.汤姆是那天早上唯一迟到的男生。
I.定语从句基础题
1. This is the bag ____ my mother bought yesterday.
A. that B. who C. whom D. this
2. Is this the factory ____ a lot of students visited yesterday?
A. the one B. which C. who D. whom
3. The lesson (which, that) we studied yesterday was hard to understand.
4. Is this the shop ___ sells children’s clothing?
A. which B. where C. in which D. what
5、They work in a factory (which /that) makes radio parts.
6. The hotel _______ during our holidays stands by the seaside.
A.we stayed at B. where we stayed at C. we stayed D. in that we stayed
7. Please show me the book ___ you bought yesterday.
A. which B. whom C. whose D. this
8、A plane is a machine_____ can fly.(machine后加which/that)
9、The hospital(that/ which )was built five years ago has been modernized
A. that B. whose C. which D. as
10、The film (which/that) we saw the day before yesterday is very interesting.
11. The man ____ lives next to us is my English teacher.
A. whom B. which C. who D. /
12. The girl _______ an English song in the next room is Tom’s sister.
A. who is singing B. is singing C. sang D. was singing
13、Those that want to go put up your hands.(that--who)
14. The girl ___ you saw in the street is Mary.
15、The man____ came yesterday is our English teacher.
16、The students _______are playing football on the playground are of Class Two .
17、This is the professor ________ taught me chemistry in 1980 .
18、Do you know the student _______was praised at the meeting?
19、Those_____ want to go to the computer room write your names here.
20.你在会上看到的那个女孩是个出名的游泳运动员。
21. The girl ___________ you saw at the meeting is a well-known swimmer.
22. The man _______ was here just now is a doctor.
A. whom B. who C. / D. he
23.昨天在动物园我和他说话的那个人是一位工程师，我父亲的一个朋友
24. The man (who, whom, that) I spoke to in the zoo yesterday is an engineer, a friend of my father’s.
II.特殊定语从句的用法
25. This is the school ______ Mr. Smith once taught.
A. in that B. when C. where D. there
26. I still remember the sitting-room ______ my mother and I used to sit in the evening.
A. what B. which C. that D. where
27. Have you visited the house ________ the famous scientist was born?
A. where B. in that C. that D. which
28、They work in a factory (where) radio parts are made.
29. Who can think of a situation ________ this idiom can be used?
A. which B. that C. where D. in that
30. The factory _______ Mr. Li used to work was closed last week.
A. when B. where C. that D. which
31、This is the room which food is kept. (which--where)
32、We shall visit the college where his father teaches there.(去掉there)
33. Do you still remember the day _______ we first met?
A.when B.that C.where D. which
34. 1949 was the year_____ new China was born.
A. that B. when C. what D. on that
36. October 1,1949 was the day ______ the People’s Republic of China was founded.
A. which B. when C. where D. in which
37、1949 is the year_____ the People’s Republic of China was founded.
38.他就是我们昨天在报纸上见到照片的那个工人。
39. He is the very worker______ picture we saw in the newspaper yesterday.
40、This is the boy_____ father died three years ago.
41、Can you think of anyone who’s house was here?(whos--whose)
42、Is there any one in your class_____ family is in the city.
A．whose B．which C．who’s D．who
43. I met the man ______ car had broken down.
44. They are going swimming in the river _____water is very clear.
45.我总不太明白他犯这样一个错误的原因。
I never really understand the reason why he made such a serious mistake.
46. Is that the reason ____________ you are late for school?
A. which B. what C. why D. for that
47、Do you know the reason _____she got so angry yesterday ?
A．why B．which C．for that D．for why
48、I know the reason that she looks so worried. (that --why)
49. There is no difficulty _____ cant be overcome in the world .
A. that B. which C. what D. who
50. In the dark street, there wasnt a single person _____she could turn for help .
A. that B. who C. from whom D. to whom
1.Ive read all the books_______you gave me.
A.which B.them C.what D.that
2.There isnt much______I can do.
A.what B.which C.that D.how
3.He keeps a record of everything ______he had seen there.
A.he B.that C.which D.what
4.Tell us about the people and the places_______are different from ours.
A.that B.who C.which D.whom
5.Mr John said that Suzhou was the first city______he had visited in China.
A.that B.where C.which D.what
6.Is this the museum_____you visited the other day?
A.that B.where C.in which D.the one
7.This is the very film _____ Ive long wished to see.
A.which B.that C.who D.whom
8.This was the supermarket______ I bought this kind of tin.
A.where B.that C.who D.which
9.The house ______ the capitalist used to live in is now a nursery.
A.that B.where C.what D.when
10.The house _____ we live is not big.
A.in that B.which C.in which D.that
11.Thats the hotel______last year.
A.which we stayed B.at that we stayed C.Where we stayed at D.where we stayed
12.The place______you are standing used to be an old church.
A.which B.where C.that D.when
13.I showed the doctor the place _______I felt the pain.
A.that B.which C.where D.when
14.He is the only one of the three ______got the new idea.
A.who have B.whom have C.who has D.whose had
15.This is the baby______ tomorrow.
A.after whom I shall look B.whom I shall look after C.whose I shall look after D.after whom I shall look after
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