英语阅题分析

　　这类题目的答案在原文中是不能直接找到的，必须抓住文中相关信息，顺藤摸瓜，进行有理有据的分析、归纳和推理，才能找出答案。有时需要透彻理解作者的双关语和弦外之音等。

英语阅题分析

　　(a)根据常识推断

　　很多短文所设计的题目往往与其它方面的常识相关联，有时需结合或根据已有的常识做出判断。比如解答科学小品文的题目可能要用到物理或化学方面的知识，解答跟自然科学有关的题目可能要用到地理、生物方面的知识等。靠这些知识的帮助，往往能快速做出解答，至少可以更加准确地理解短文。例如：

　　One day we invited some friends to dinner. When it was about six o’clock, my wife found that we had little bread. So she asked our five-year-old daughter, Kathy, to buy some.

　　One day, Kathy’s parents invited some friends to ________.

　　A. have breakfast B. have lunch C. have supper D. have a party

　　【分析】由文中“One day we invited some friends to dinner.”一句可知，主人要宴请客人吃饭，所以D项(聚会)不合文意，先予以排除。但是在早(breakfast)，午(lunch)，晚(supper)三餐中，却未明确指出到底请客人吃哪一顿饭。英语中对“dinner”一词的解释是：main meal of the day, whether eaten at midday or in the evening. 这样可以将A项排除。至于是B还是C，仍然不能确定。再看下文中的.“When it was about six o’clock…”，显然，快六点了，主人尚未准备就绪。根据生活常识，这里的无疑是下午六点钟，再结合“一日三餐”这一常识，他们请客人吃的只能是晚饭，所以可以推断出正确答案是C。

　　(b)根据计算判断

　　有些题目需根据短文的意思进行数字运算。中考的“阅读理解”中的数据推算并不要求高深的数学知识。在有关数据推算的试题中，根据短文所提供的数据进行必要的运算时，所涉及的数学知识一般都比较简单，关键在于准确理解原文的含义。例如：

　　03’年安徽芜湖中考“阅读理解”短文(D)中有这样一道题涉及数据运算：

　　If the population of Beijing grows to fifteen million by 2008, how many people will probably be able to speak English? About _________.

　　A. 15,000,000 B. 4,500,000 C. 3,000,000 D. 1,500,000

　　阅读材料中的原文是：

　　In five years the percentage (比例) of Beijing residents who can speak English will be raised to around 30 percent from 15 percent now.

　　【分析】原文中提到：五年之后，会说英语的北京居民的比例将会由现在的15%提升到30%。试卷所提的问题是：如果到2008年北京的人口达到15,000,000，会说英语的人将会有多少？尽管短文中没有提到这个数据，但根据题意不难推算15,000,000×30%=4,500,000

　　所以答案为B。

　　(c)根据逻辑关系推断

　　根据短文中的基本事实、故事情节发展的逻辑关系(如时间、因果、条件、比较、转折、让步等，)进行深层的理解，并在此基础上进行题目的理解。在逻辑判断题中，这部分题目是比较难做的。例如：

　　We are in the computer age. We often see computers at work. They are especially usefully in automatic control, data processing (数据处理) and solving complicated problems. And they are finding their way into the home. The part played by computers is becoming even more important with each passing day.

　　More and clever computers will continue to appear. They will run faster, have more functions and work much more skillfully. They will take over more tasks from us, helping to change the face of our world. Some people even think that sooner or later computers will replace us.

　　However…

　　Which of the following will best continue the third paragraph?

　　A. Computers will soon stop developing. B. Many people like computers very much.

　　C. Computers are as cleverer as man. D. I do not think computers will replace us completely.

　　【分析】显然，本文采用了对比的方式来表达自己对电脑的看法。前面描写了计算机的优点，但作者用however一词预示自己将引出相反的观点，故答案为D。

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