初三英语上册复习资料

　　Unit 1

初三英语上册复习资料

　　He studies by asking the teacher for helpby 以 … 方式，靠 + n / doing I went to school by bus /train /subway / bike / plane /boat….2. the best way to do sth 做某事的最好方法

　　3. Joining the English club was the best way to improve our English.动名词作主语 + V 三单

　　4. have trouble / problem / difficult / a hard time + doing sth 做某事很困难

　　5. laugh at sb. 嘲笑某人6. last ( 持续 ) + 一段时间 The rain lasted for

　　6 hours yesterday.

　　7. regard …..as …… = consider….as…..= treat …… as……. 把 ….. 当成 ……

　　8. complain to sb about doing sth 抱怨某人做某事

　　9. except / besidesexcept 除 … 以外 …. All the students went to the zoo except mebesides 除 …. 以外（包括在内） I have few friends besides you.

　　10. as soon as…. 一 …. 就 …… （条件状语从句，主将从现） I’ll call you as soon as I get there.

　　11. if 引导宾语从句时 “ 是否 ” if 引导条件状语从句 “ 假如，如果 ” ，主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时。 I don’t know if it will rain ， if it rains ， I won’t go out. 宾从条从

　　Unit 2

　　1. 1 ） used to do sth 过去常常做某事 He used to do homework until 10 pm.

　　2 ） be used to doing sth 习惯于做某事 I’m used to getting up early. She is used to living alone.

　　3 ） be used to do sth = be used for doing sth 被用于做某事 Knife is used to cut things = Knife is used for cutting things.2. afford 买得起，负担得起（ … 的费用） I can’t afford a new car. afford to do sth 负担得起做某事

　　3. get in trouble with 与 …. 发生纠纷 be patient with sb of sth 在某事上对某人很耐心

　　4. be proud of = take pride in + n / doing 对 ….. 感到骄傲

　　5. It ‘s time (for sb) to do sth / It’s time for sth 是（某人）该做某事的时候了

　　Unit 3

　　1. be allowed to do sth 被允许做某事 allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事 allow to do sth 允许做某事

　　2. (1) instead of + n /pre / vingShe prefers milk instead of (=rather than) coffee. We’d like to go sightseeing instead of staying at home.(2) instead 相反的、代替。常放句末。 I don’t like swimming ， I like playing games instead

　　3. So do we 我也是So + 助、 be 、情态动词 + 主语 “ 某人也一样 ” I have to do my homework . So does he .Nor /neither 助、 be 、情态动词 + 主语 “ 某人也不 ” Mary didn’t go to the party last night . Neither /nor did I .

　　4. I’m not allowedd to get my ears pierced.Get sth done / have sth done 这事儿不是主语做的，而是找别人做的。My bike broke down ， I’ll have it repaired. 我的自行车坏了，我得找人修理。

　　5. be strict with sb 对某人严格 be strict in sth 在某方面很严格

　　6. be comfortable to do sth 做某事很方便

　　7. be good for 对 ….. 有好处。 Vegetable and fruit are good for your health.be good at = do well in + n / pre / doing 擅长 …. He is good at swimmingbe good to = be friendly to 对 ….. 很友善。

　　8. have an opportunity to do sth 有机会做某事。

　　9.语法：不定代词(1) some / any 均为 “ 一些 ” ， + 可、不可数名词； some 一般用于肯定， any 多用于否定或疑问句。但在疑问句中，当表示说话人希望得到肯定回答或表达请求、建议时应用 some. ---Would you like some coffee ? ---Yes ， please. / No ， thanks(2)many / much many + 可数名词 much + 不可数名词都可与 so ， too ， as ， how 搭配。(1) either / neither either 指两者其一 neither 指两者都不either…..or….. 不是 … 就是 …. neither…..nor….. 既不 … 也不 ……

　　10. other ， the other ， others ， the others ， another1) other 别的、其他的 2) the other 两者中另一个 one …….. ， the other…….. 一个 … 另一个 …… 3) others 泛指别的人或物 =other + 复数名词 some …… ， others….. 一些 ….. 另一些 ….. 4) the others 特指其余剩下的人或物 some….. ， the others…… 一些 ….. ，其余的 ……5) another 任何一个，另一个。（指三者以上中的任何一个）

　　11. get in the way of ……. 妨碍 …..

　　12. On….team . 在 … 队里 He is on the school soccer team.

　　13. happen 出乎意料的发生 take place 有计划的发生两者都没有被动语态 this accident has taken place for 5 years.

　　14. be serious about + n/ pre / doing 对 …. 很认真

　　15. succeed (in) doing sth 成功地做某事 success n. successful adj

　　Unit 4

　　数词 +hundred/thousand/million/billion 几百 / 千 / 百万 / 十亿hundreds/thousands/millions/billions+ of 成百的 / 千的 / 百万的 / 十亿的

　　2.辨析 bring / take / fetch / carry

　　3. If I were you ， I’d wear a shirt and tie. If I had a million dollars ， I’d buy a big house.If 的用法： 1 ）在含有非真实条件句的复合句中，表示一种假设，需用虚拟语气，对现在情况的假设，条件从句中用一般过去时（ be 动词勇 were ），主句用 would/should/could + V 原 If they were here ， they would help you.2 ）如果假设情况可能发生，句子用陈述语气，条件从句用一般现在时，主句用将来时。 If he comes ， I’ll bring him a present. If it rains tomorrow ， we won’t have a picnic.

　　4. invitesb to somewhere. invite sb to do sth

　　5. 辨析 borrow / lend / keepborrow …from…. （主语）借进 I borrowed books from school library.lend…..to ….. （主语）借出 Could you lend your dictionary to me?keep 借并保存一段时间（常用于完成时 for ， since 与搭配，代替 borrow ） I’ve kept this story book for a month ， and I didn’t return it .

　　6. 许多。 (1) a lot of ， lots of ， some ， plenty of 既可修饰可数，也可修饰不可数名词。 (2) a number of + 可数名词复数 +V 复 “ 大量的 ” A number of trees are cut down. (3) the number of + 可数名词复数 +V 三单 “.. 的数量 ” The number of students in our class is 52.(4) amount of ， much ， a little ， little ， a bit of ， a deal of + 不可数名词 + V 三单 (5) many ， a few ， few + 可数名词复数 +V 复

　　7. (rather) than 其后动词的形式，与前面动词的形式保持一致。I like singing than dancing. 宁愿做 … 而不愿做 …..1 ） would rather do sth than do sth. 2 ） would like to do sth ， than do sth 3 ） prefer to do sth rather than do sth 4 ） prefer doing to doing

　　8. 害怕做某事 be afraid of doing sth = be terrified of doing sth = be scared of doing sth be afraid to do sth

　　9. win 赢得比赛、致词、地位、荣誉 beat 击败某人、某队

　　10.辨别 noise 噪音 Don’t make any noise ! voice 人的嗓音 He has a good voice. sound 泛指各种声音 The sound of car is too loud.

　　11. taste v. 品尝，尝起来 n. 味道，品味系动词 taste ， smell ， look ， sound ， feel + adj

　　12. 语法。 Give sb sth = give sth to sb 这种结构的动词还有：（加 to 的`） give ， show ， send ， bring ， pass ， lend ， tell （加 for 的） make ， buy ， do ， have ， cook ， find ， sing Eg: I bought a gift for her. = I bought her a gift She lent me a book = She lent a book to me.

　　Unit 5

　　--Whose book is this? --It must /might / can’t /could be sb’s belong to sb.

　　2. It’s +adj + that …. It’s necessary /clear/important ……that….It’s+adj+ to do sth it’s important/ necessary to work hard.find/ think + it +adj + to do sth. I found it difficult to remember English words.

　　3. 对 … 感到担心。 be anxious/worried about… worry about渴望做某事 be anxious to do sth

　　4. He could be running for exercise.情态动词 +be +doing sth （表示猜测可能正在做某事）

　　5. sth happen to sb 某人碰巧遇到某事 When he walked across the road ， the car accident happened to him.

　　6. 太 …. much too + adj太多 ….too much + 不可数 n too many + 可数 n

　　Unit 6

　　prefer sth to sth I prefer fish to meat.prefer to do sth ， rather than do sth. = would rather do sth than do sth They prefer to stay at home rather than go out.prefer doing to doing Jim prefers reading to playing games.

　　2. play + 运动、棋类、消遣 play basketball/soccer/volleyball/tennis/ping-pong/baseball/chessplay+ the + 乐器 play the guitar/violin/piano/trumpet/drums

　　3. go+ 运动 ing : go shopping/ fishing / sightseeing/ cooking

　　4. aloud loud loudly aloud 指读书 read aloud. loud ， loudly 可互换，但 loud 可作 adj ， loudly 却不能。

　　5.使 …. 想起 …. 提醒（某人） remind sbremind sb of sth The photos reminded me of my school days.remind sb to do sth Can you remind me to wake him up at 6:25.

　　6. though / although 和 but 不能连用My grandfather is 100 years old ， but he is very health.= Though my grandfather is 100 years old ， he is very health.because 和 so 也不能连用

　　7. famous = well-knownbe famous for Martin is famous for writing story.be famous as She is famous as a scientist.be famous to The Great Wall is famous to the world.

　　8. a few+ 可数名词（表肯定）一些 a little+ 不可数名词（表肯定）一些few （表否定）几乎没有 little （表否定）几乎没有

　　9. because + 句子 because of + 名词、代词、动名词短语He stopped playing soccer because he had a headache. He stopped playing soccer because of his headache.

　　10. expect to do sth = hope to do sth = wish to do sth.

　　11. have a great time = have fun = enjoy oneself.

　　Unit 7

　　辨析 relaxed / relaxing tired / tiring fascinated / fascinating excited / exciting frustrated / frustrating disappointed /disappointingsurprised /surprising amazed / amazing interested / interesting（加 ed 的修饰人 “ 感到。。。的 ” ；加 ing 的修饰物 “ 令人。。。的 ” ）eg: She was surprised to read this surprising news.相关短语： be excited at be disappointed at be surprised at / to do sthbe interested in = taka an interest in + n / Ving

　　2. 旅行。 trek 徒步跋涉 trek trough the jungle/forest/mountain travel 泛指旅行 travel around the world. trip 短途旅行 have a trip. Trip to somewhere .

　　3. 想要、愿意做某事 would like to do sth = want to do sth. ---Where would you like to go ? ---I’d like to visit somewhere warm.

　　4. 辨析 cross through over past(1) cross 从表面上通过 walk cross the street/ bridge/ river….(2) through 从空间通过 go through the forest/ jungle/ crowed…(3) over 从上方跨过 jump over the wall(4) past 从旁边经过 He walked past the window when we were having class

　　.5. hope / wish (1) hope to do sth hope + 从句(2) wish to do sth wish sb to do sth wish + 从句

　　6. I’d like to go somewhere relaxing.adj 放不定代词后修饰不定代词。

　　7. Why not + V 原 …..? = Why don’t you + V 原 ….? Let’s + V 原

　　8. consider 考虑、认为 consider doing sth / +how -(what) +to do sth / + 名词、从句 eg: We’re considering visiting Paris for holiday. He has never considered how to solve the problem. All of you should consider the feeling of the people. Do you consider （认为） that we can finish the project on time?

　　9. one of + adj 最高级 + 复数名词 + V 三单 One of the highest sights in Paris is Eiffel Tower.

　　10. 辨析 include / includingOur school includes two parts: Primary and Middle School.I like all sports including playing soccer.

　　11. traveling around Paris by taxi can cost a lot of money. traveling around Paris by taxi 动名词做主语 + V 三单 one of the cheapest ways to visit Paris is taking the underground train. 动名词作表语从句的主语

　　12.辨析 cost spend pay take Sth costs(cost)…… The TV cost me 500 dollars Sb spend (spent) ….. on sth /doing sth I spent 500 dollars on the TV. I spent 500 dollars buying the TV. Sb pay (paid) …. For… I paid 500 dollars for the TV. It takes (took) sb ….. to do sth. It took me 500 dollars to buy the TV.

　　13. unless = if not 条件状语从句，由 if ， unless 引导。（主将从现，主过从过） If it doesn’t rain ， we’ll go fishing. Unless you see a doctor ， you shouldn’t take themedicine.

　　14. 提供。 (1)provide sb with sth = provide sth for sb.He tried to find a job to provide his family with food. He tried to find a job to provide food for his family.(2) offer sb sth = offer sth to sb. She offered money to the poor children. offer to do sth 自愿做某事

　　15. mind ， finish ， keep ， be busy ， feel like ， practice ， have fun ， enjoy ， have trouble/problem/difficult/ a hard time ， permit ， spend ， be worth ， keep on ， keep ， be used to ， continue ， give up ， put off ， end up ， pay attention to ， look forward to ， consider ， suggest ， can’t help ， miss + doing sth feel ， hear ， see ， find ， watch ， notice sb do sth （做过） doing sth （正在做）

　　16.辨析 stop to do / stop doing remember to do / remember doing forget to do / forget doing try to do / try doing go on to do / go on doing allow to do / allow doing

　　17. 在介词后（ in ， at ， after ， on ， to ， for ， of ， by ， against ， with ， without ， after ， before ，）如果要用动词，只能用 ving I study for a test by working with groups.

　　18. enough 的用法 adj / adv + enough 足够。。。样 enough + n 足够的。。。

　　19.语法：主谓一致。 1 ）当 and 或 both …and… 连接两个或三个名词作主语，谓语动词用复数。 & nbsp; Both you and I are good friends. 2. ）不定代词作主语 +V 三单 (either ， neither ， each ， the other ， another ， any/every/no/some 引导的不定代词 ) Everyone is going to beach tomorrow. 3. ) 由 each ， every 引导的作主语，指同一个人时， +V 三单 Each boy and girl was given a gift. 4. ) 主语后有 with ， along with ， together with ， as well as ， more than ， including ， besides ， like ， except ， but. 谓语动词由前面的主语决定 . Mr Li with his wife and children is coming next week. Tom besides his friends plays volleyball every afternoon. 5)either…or…. neither…nor… not only…but also… 连接两个主语，谓语动词有靠近它的主语决定，即就近原则。 Not only my parents but also I am looking forward to meeting my uncle. Either you or he is right. 6)there be 句型的 be 动词由靠近它的主语决定，即就近原则。 There is a table and many desks in the room. 7)one of + 复数名词 + V 三单 one of the women is from America.

　　20. dreamof doing sth achieve/ come true I believe I will achieve my dream one day.= I believe my dream will come true one day.

　　21. receive / accept I’ve received her invitation to the party ， but I didn’t accept it ， because I’m busy.

　　22. 辨析 so that so….. that…. such…. That… 1) so that = in order that he works hard so that he can make more money.2) such 修饰强调名词。 such + a/an + adj + n +that 从句 Mary is such a young girl that she can’t go to school. such + adj+ 不可数名词、复数名词 + that 从句 3)so 修饰强调 adj 或 adv. so + adj / adv + that 从句 He is so clever that he can work out all the problems. 4 ) 当名词由 many ， much ， few ， little 修饰时，只能用 so so many/ few+ 可数名词复数 +that 从句 so much/ little+ 不可数名词 +that 从句 There are so much time that I can play with friends. 5) too…to… = not… enough to …. = so….. that….

　　23. 短语 be willing to do sth be similar to it seems that… seem to do sthhold on to.. according to

　　24. 定语从句（详见 Unit 6-7 ） 1 ) 一般情况下， that 可指人，也可指物，可代替 who ， whom ， which; 但不能和介词搭配。 Which 指物 who ， whom ， whose 指人 where 指某地 when 指某时 A doctor is a person who looks after people’ health. I like the places where people are friendly.2 ) 掌握 that 的几种特殊用法（详见书上） 3 ) 掌握 whom ， which 与介词的用法

　　Units 8-12

　　volunteer one’s time to do sth 自愿花费时间做某事

　　2. make a plan to do sth = plan to do sth 计划或某事

　　3. take after = be similar to 和 …. 相似

　　4. repair = fix up 修理

　　5. thank you (thanks) for doing sth

　　6. like 表举例时 “ 像 ….” 其后如果跟动词必须用 doing

　　7. be(get) used to doing sth 习惯于做某事 used to do sth 过去常常做某事be used to do sth = be used for doing sth （某物）被用于做某事

　　8.辨析 bring ， take ， carry ， fetchbring 拿来 take 带走 carry 携带，搭乘，运载，抬 fetch 取回

　　9. adj/adv + enough 足够 ….. enough + n 足够的 ….

　　10. divide …..into….. 把 …. 划分成 …

　　11. the popularity of basketball has risen worldwide. popularity 人口 + V 三单

　　12. the number of (….. 的数量 ) +V 三单 a number of ( 大量的 ) + V 复数

　　13. dream of doing sth 梦想做某事

　　14. happen = take place ( 没有被动语态 )

　　15. 辨析，挑选 pick up 指着 point at make a noise 制造噪音沿着 …. 一直走 ….walk down …

　　45. make 的用法 make + adj make sb do sth (hear ， watch ， see ， have 等用法相同 ) （但变为被动语态时，其后加 to My mother made me to work 5 hours. I was made to work 5 hours.

　　46. make mistake 犯错

　　47. 辨析 except / besides except （除 ….. 之外） Everyone went to the beach except Jim. besides （除 …. 之外，包括在内） I have a lot of friends besides Mary.

　　48. find(think) it + adj + to do sth. 发现、认为做某事是 ……

　　49. 不再 ….. not ……any more ( any longer) = no more( no longer)语法专项动词的分类和时态1. 动词短语。

　　1 ）动词 + 介词 look at ， listen to ， look after ， look for ， wait for ， take after ， depend on ， think of ， hand in ，hear from ， hear of ， study for 等，此类动词后的宾语无论是名词还是代词，都只能放在介词后。 Look at the blackboard. Look after it carefully. 2 ）动词 + 副词turn off ， turn on ， turn up ， turn down ， pick up ， set up ， cheer up ， clean up ， work out ， put up ， fix up ， cut up ， give out ， give up ， give away ， put away ， think over ， put off ， use up ， hand out ， mix up ， look up ， eat up 等 . 此类动词后的宾语是名词时，放在副词前后都可，若是代词，必须放在中间 .He turn off the light when he left. He picked it up and give it to me.⑶ 其他动词短语： get along with ， take pride in ， pay attention to ， make good use of ， be proud of ， keep away from ， be busy with ， be made of ， be good at ， be interested in ， come up with ， be satisfied with2. 非延续动词 buy ， lend ， borrow ， die ， begin ， stop ， finish ， arrive ， join ， go ， come 等。不能与表示一段时间的状语连用，要用延续动词替换。（详见现在完成时）

　　3.系动词 be ， become ， get ， look ， seem ， turn ， sound ， smell ， taste ， feel ， keep4. 助动词 be ， have ， has ， do ， does ， did ， will ， shall ( 详见 P54 )Ⅰ.动词的五种基本形式 ( 详见 P55 )Ⅱ.用法：⑴ 一般现在时。1. 肯定句：主语 +V 原 + 其他。 I usually go to school by bus. 主语（三单） +V 三单 She plays tennis once a week.疑问句： - Do+ 主语 +V 原 …… ？ Does+ 主语（三单） + V 原 …… ？否定句：主语 +don’t + V 原 . 主语（三单） + doesn’t + V 原 .2 . 用法： ⑴ 表示经常或习惯性发生的动作。⑵ 表示客观真理、事实。 The earth goes around the sun.⑶ 在时间、条件等状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来。 ( if ， as soonas ， until ， when) If it rains tomorrow ， we won’t go to the park. When I grow up ， I’ll go to Paris.3. 时间状语： Always ， often ， sometimes ， usually ， on Sunday ， on Monday afternoon ， every day/month/year/week ， in the morning ， once a year ， twice a day ， three times a day 等⑵ 一般过去时。

　　⑴ 表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。 I got up late this morning.⑵ 表示过去的习惯或经常发生的动作。 When I was in the countryside. I often swam in the river. I used to go fishing.

　　2 . 结构：肯定句：主语 + V 过去 + 其他。 We visited the museum last week. My friend Tom went to the beach yesterday. 疑问句： Did+ 主语 + V 原 …… ？ Did you go shopping with him? Did she cook dinner for her family? 否定句：主语 +didn’t+ V 原 …… 。 He didn’t go to see the movie last Sunday.

　　3 . 动词的规则变化。

　　4 . 时间状语： Yesterday ， last night/week/year/month ， last Sunday ， in 1995 ， the other day ， just now ， ago 等⑶ 一般将来时。1 . 用法。 ① 表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态。其构成： will + V 原肯定句： They will leave for Shanghai next week. 否定句： We won’t vi sit him tomorrow. 疑问句： Will you go to Shanghai in two weeks?( 注：当主语为 I 或 we 时，问句中可用 shall) where shall we meet tomorrow?② be going to+ V 原表示计划、打算做某事。---what are you going to do next Sunday? ---I am going to listen to music.Look at the clouds ， there is going to rain.③现在进行时 be +Ving 有时可以表示将来。常用这种结构的动词： go ， come ， leave ， stay ， start ， arrive We’re leaving for London.（ 4 ）现在进行时 1. 构成：肯定句：主语 + is / am / are +ving疑问句： Is /Am /Are + 主语 +ving否定句：主语 + isn’t / am not / aren’t + ving2 . 用法： ①表示正在进行的动作 I’m reading book now.②表示现阶段正在进行的动作或状态。 They are studying hard this term.3 . 时间状语 now ， these days ，当句中有 look ， listen ， can’t you see ， can you see 时 Listen! He is singing.(5)

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