托福听力考试三大技巧的指南
(1)打开磁带听Direction,在这一时间里,考试中心不让你看选项。
(2)当Direction叫你turn the page时,快速看题目的四个选项。你可能只有1至2秒的时间,但尽量搜索那些在4个选项中重复出现的词,诸如名字,地点等等。这将在你听到这些词的时候对你有所帮助。你甚至可能通过这些反复出现的名词和动词猜出对话的主题。
(3)当对话开始的时候,立即停止看题,集中精神听题。
(4)当问题问完以后,再读一边四个选项,选出你的答案。如果你无法马上做出答案。尽量排除一些选项。然后从剩下的选项中选一个。
(5)快速仔细的涂答题纸。马上回到第2步,看下一题的四个选项。
逆向搜索法的好处:
(1)你能搜索到关于对话内容的线索。
(2)你能运用你的阅读能力和归纳能力来加强你的听力能力。
(3)当你猜到一道题目的主题的时候,你会少一些紧张和焦虑,这将帮助你关注你所需要听到的信息。
例题1999年1月听力部分短对话第19题
(A) Meet her in the auditorium.
(B) Schedule the meeting for a different time.
(C) Reserve a large room for the meeting.
(D) Cancel the meeting.
迅速搜索4个选项后,我们发现单词meeting在其中3个选项中重复,而在选项A中出现了与meeting形似意异的动词meet。仅从这4个选项,未听对话之前,我们可以得出两个结论:首先,对话的内容肯定与meeting有关;其次,选项A肯定不对,因为它与其它3个选项差别太大。
然后,我们看B,C和D中最大的差别在于动词schedule,reserve和cancel。也就是说,在判定对话内容与meeting有关后,在对话真正开始时,我们应该关注与meeting有关的动词。
接着,我们听到如下的对话与问题:
M: Do you know if Sarah has reserved the room for the committee meeting yet?
W: No. But if she hasnt we should have her try to get it at the auditorium. Well need the
space.What does the woman want Sarah to do?
对话中出现了一个你可能不熟悉的词Sarah,但是女音(W)里的代词和问题明显地提示了Sarah是个女人。对话里的男音(M)中出现的动词reserve与选项C相同,而且女音(W)中出现了need the space。所以听完对话和问题后,我们可以肯定C是正确答案
在场景法的后面,我们将归纳美国大学生活的各个场合及其典型的对话内容。在这里,我们的先介绍一下如何利用场景法。为什么要用场景法?
很多做过托福听力题的考生都有这种感受:即有些对话里的词全都听懂而且明白单词的意思,就是选不出答案。更离谱的是,即使让你看文字答案答题,你也未必会有很高的正确率。为什么会出现这种情况呢?原因在于场景,即英语里常说的situation。我们平时碰到有人试图安慰心情不好的自己时,经常会说“你不是我,你不会明白的”,就是这个道理。在托福的听力中,“清”的肯定不是“旁观者”,而只有“当局者”才会最清楚对话到底说的是什么。而要成为“当局者”,你必须熟悉托福听力的大学生活背景。下面的'例子列举了熟悉场景的重要性:
He got in and pushed the button for the forth floor.Question: What did he do?
(A) He took the elevator.
(B) He sewed the buttons on.
(C) He dropped something on the floor.
(D) He made him go upstairs.
这个单句题(现在的听力部分没有这种单句题),如果你不熟悉电梯的话,你会一头雾水,根本不知其所云何事。但是,如果你一听到就想到了电梯的话,那么这根本不是问题。
所以,托福的听力中的有些题目仅凭听清楚每个单词的字面意思是不够的(很多时候甚至是不必要的),你还必须生动地想象出对话所发生的具体生活场景。场景法的魅力:
例如学生入学时登记注册的场景。如果你平时记住了关于register的词汇,如registration,
course enrollment form,signed by academic advisor,get the departments approval,
tables set up aIl the way around,stamp your form,approved,pay for tuition,
officially enrolled,pick up identification card。
那么,即使你听力能力较差,对话的具体细节没能听懂,你也能答对题。如果你不相信的话,请试着仅根据注册这一大学里发生的场景,而不根据对话的内容,做下面两道题。
1.When would this talk be given?
(A) At the beginning of a semester.
(B) During the mid-semester vacation.
(C) At final examination time.
(D) Just before a gymnastics event.Q
2.swheresare the students going tomorrow?
(A) To registration office.
(B) To a class reunion.
(C) To their classes.
(D) To a track meet.
第1题:该对话肯定发生在学期初。答案确实唾手可得。
第2题:既然是讲注册,那肯定是去registration office。
此外了解对话内容及相关词句和美国的大学生活对听力考试也有帮助。
(1)对话内容及相关词句
以下是我们总结的针对对话内容的词句,记住这些词句有助于你对对话内容和场景的判断,从而正确地答案。即使你没有完全听懂对话,你也可能根据判断得出的对话场景正确地答题。
1.东西丢了:lost the key,cant found the note
2.剃头:hardly bald, hairstyle change for not covering the eyes, cut curl hair
3.搭车:pick up the third one at the airline, give me a ride to the office
4.穿衣: a jean and T-shirt for interview is casual, clothes is wet before the concert
5.花需要光:put the flower to the window, the bookcase will prevent the sunlight, need the fresh
6.忘了: slip my mind, forgot to give the note to someone
7.图书馆: spend the whole day in the library, make the photocopy at library, meet at the library,return the books to the library, library is a better place to study
8.室友: looking for a roommate, roommate should apologize, roommate is too noisy,
9.吃的:fish cant be eat, berry is a bush even for a bird, bread is over toasted, vegetables are over cooked, bread may be in the refrigerator,
10.借东西: lend me calculus book(calculator), borrow the money from check, borrow car for shopping
11.天气:clean up for picnic, cold enough for skating, snowing too much to fly, so hot that we need an air conditioner,
12.作业能否完成:wait till the last minute, chemistry test without time for reading, fill out the financial aid form without the priority, paper extended to the next week
13.第三者: have done it for me
14.排队: magazine to kill the time, read the magazine twice, go early for not queue
15.得病看医生: need another doctor, it is open till 10 at the health center, take the pill the doctorassigned,
16.没空帮忙: cant give you a ride due to the meeting tomorrow morning,
17.锻炼减肥: lost weig
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