英语四级听力的备考小技巧

　　在备考英语四级的听力过程中，有一些有用的小技巧是可以事半功倍的。为此百分网小编为大家带来备考大学英语四级听力的小技巧。

四级听力

　　英语四级听力备考技巧：学会比较

　　听力理解技巧是建立在听力理解水平基础上的，而听力理解水平是通过听力理解能力来体现的，它包括记忆和回想的能力、选择要点的能力、推断演绎的能力、判断和得出结论的能力以及运用背景知识的能力。词汇主要涉及如何处理“生词”的问题，即利用上下文、同位语猜词的能力和一词多义的辨别能力。语法主要包括那些最基本的语法现象，如时态、语态、虚拟语气、比较级、最高级、否定式和说话人的口气等。语音、语调、词汇、语法是语言的基本要素，对它们的熟练掌握是打好语言基本功的关键。

　　通常，比较有两种基本形式，相等比较和不等比较。相等比较的基本句型为：主语+谓语+as+形容词或副词原级+as+被比较对象。请看下面一句话的比较：

　　Walking fast uses up as many calories as running slowly。

　　其中被比较对象为running slowly。但要注意有时出现的一句话只是形式上的相等比较，但在含义上却是不等比较。像almost，nearly，practically通常表示还差一点，不及等。不等比较的基本句型为：主语+谓语+比较级+than+被比较对象。此外，以比较级形式可表达最高级含义。如下面一句话：

　　No other student studies as hard as peter。因此，应是彼特学习最刻苦。

　　在四级听力考试题目中，直接涉及比较题的内容不多。但我们在这里仍然把它作为一项技巧列出，一是因为在短文中会有体现，二是因为这将为六级打下基础。因此，希望考生也把它重视起来。关于比较句式，一要抓住比较对象，二是掌握常见的比较句式。下列是一些常见的比较句式：as…as…，the same as，比较级 + than，prefer…to…，would rather…than等。在比较对象上，注意that、one的指代;此外，还有句子成分的省略。例子如下，

　　原文：

　　W: I think I'll wear my red dress to the party tonight。

　　M: Can't you wear your blue one? I like it much better。

　　Q: How does the man feel about the woman's red dress?

　　选项：

　　A) He hates it。

　　B) He likes it better than the blue dress。

　　C) He doesn't know which dress she means。

　　D) He doesn't like it as well as the blue one。(应选D)

　　英语四级听力备考技巧：短对话

　　一、短对话对于绝大多数英语学习者来说，从刚接触英语听力考试开始就有短对话这种最常见、最固定的'题型。短对话共有8个题目，占卷面总分的8%.该部分一般是日常生活中的对话，即衣、食、住、行、工作、学习、生活等话题。

　　短对话具有如下特点：对话是一男一女的形式，每人说一句，然后提问，卷面只有选项，没有问题;美式英语发音和英式英语发音的混合对话。短对话按题型分类主要有地点题、人物关系或身份职业题、数字计算题、请求和建议题、判断推理题、因果关系题、词汇和习惯用语理解题、观点态度题等。各种题型的答题技巧在第二节中会作详细的讲解。

　　在做这部分题目的时候，除了要有扎实的听力基本功之外，还要掌握一定的方法。

　　熟悉常考场景及常用词汇大学英语四级听力短对话的场景每年都是比较固定的，在相同的场景中会使用到相同或相近的词汇，因此如果掌握了这些场景中的常用词汇，这对于提高听力理解能力起着非常重要的作用。

　　四级对话中常涉及的场景包括：诊所或医院(clinic or hospital)、餐馆(restaurant)、学校或校园(school or campus)、书店 (bookstore)、火车站 (railway station)、机场 (airport)、图书馆 (library)、邮局(post office)、银行(bank)、旅馆 (hotel)等。

　　2.预览选项，预测谈话内容，抓住重点最重要的是好好把握播音之前的时间，我们应该利用好这段时间来阅读选项。阅读选项的过程中要注意以下两个方面的问题。

　　首先，根据选项预测对话内容和提问内容。通过四个选项的对比和对关键词的研究，我们就会预测出对话的内容和将要提问到的问题，在听的过程中就会抓住重点，解答试题就会事半功倍。

　　「典型例题」(2006年6月)

　　12.a) the woman does her own housework. b) the woman needs a housekeeper. c) the woman's house is in a mess. d) the woman works as a housekeeper.显而易见，此题是有关housework的问题，因为四个选项中分别出现了does housework， needs housekeeper， house mess， work as housekeeper;由此推断此题是关于做家务方面的一个谈话，在听这则对话时，就可以轻而易举地对号入座了。

　　其次，根据选项确定提问的人物对象。短对话是一男一女的形式，通过对选项的分析我们就可以确定提问内容是关于男士的谈话内容还是女士的谈话内容，从而在听的过程中会有所侧重。

　　「典型例题」(2007年6月)

　　14.a) he quit teaching in june. b) he has left the army recently. c) he opened a restaurant near the school. d) he has taken over his brother's business.通过对选项的分析可知，四个选项的主语都是he，因此提问的内容集中在男士的回答上，在听的过程中要重点听男士所说的内容。

　　英语四级听力的真题

　　Passage 3

　　The British are supposed to be famous for laughing at themselves, but even their sense of humour has a limit, as the British retailer Gerald Ratner found out to his cost. When Ratner took over his father's chain of 130 jewelry shops in 1984, he introduced a very clear company policy. He decided that his shops should sell down market products at the lowest possible prices. It was a great success. The British public loved his cheap gold earrings and his tasteless silver ornaments. By 1991, Ratner's company had 2,400 shops and it was worth over 680 million pounds. But in April of that year, Gerald Ratner made a big mistake. At a big meeting of top British businesspeople, he suited up and explained the secret of his success. People say "How can we sell our goods for such a low price?" I say "Because they are absolute rubbish." His audience roared with laughter. But the British newspapers and the British public were not so amused. People felt insulted and stayed away from Ratner's shops. Sales fell and 6 months after his speech, Ratner's share price had fallen by 42%. The following year, things got worse and Gerald Ratner was forced to resign. By the end of 1992, he lost his company, his career and his house. Even worse, 25,000 of his employees had lost their jobs. It had been a very expensive joke.

　　Question 22 What did Gerald Ratner decide to do when he took over his father's shops?

　　Question 23 On what occasion did Gerald Ratner explained the secret of his success?

　　Question 24 How did people feel when they leaned of Gerald Ratner's remarks?

　　Question 25 What does the story of Gerald Ratner suggest?

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