The Use of Body Language in School英语文章阅读
The Use of Body Language in School
III. The concrete application of the body language in listening, speaking, reading and writing
1. Body language helps to improve listening
The Greek philosopher ever wittily said: "Nature has given man one tongue and two ears that he may hear twice as much as he speaks." From the saying we can learn how important the listening is in our daily life. To understand others is a basic purpose in English teaching, and teachers often train the students' listening accordingly. In this process, if the body language is used, the effect will be better. When beginning a new lesson, the teacher narrates the story outline in English. The body language may help. For example, a teacher can stretch his arms slowly when he says "She is in a very big room"; he can open his eyes widely with mouth opened when he says "She is so beautiful a lady". As a result, the students will have such an impression: She is very beautiful indeed; a teacher who imitates the crying or the movement of the animals under the premise of teaching order will surely achieve a better effect.
2. Body language helps to improve speaking
The spoken language is one of the important ways to communicate, so we should try to develop the students' ability of speaking. Factually they are helped to reach the aim in a certain degree by their teacher's body language.
The contemporary emphasis is gradually laid on spoken English teaching. The first lesson of every unit in Senior English begins with dialogue. The teaching programs require the teachers to organize the class to practice English according to the characteristics of dialogue. Generally speaking, the body language can arouse and sustain the students' interest of learning and using English. Take it for example, the first lesson in Unit one, Book one is about the time when the new students first meet, and they don't know each other. So a teacher can introduce himself first. During the introduction, He smiles when he says hello to the class; he shakes hands with some students saying "Nice to meet you"; he writes name down on the blackboard; he imitates the action of dribbling and shooting at the basketball, playing chess and turning pages to explain his hobby. After his introduction, the teacher can create a circumstance for the students to practice: "Mary and Jack are new classmates. They are walking together in the street, and they meet one of Jack's old friends, Yang. Then Yang and Mary are introduced to each other by Jack." After the students' practice the dialogue is introduced naturally from it. Usually, the application of body language in different situations will result in an attracting and successful lesson.
3. Body language helps to improve reading
The purpose of Senior English teaching is to train the students' preliminary ability of using spoken and written English. In the senior school, we lay emphasis one the reading ability that serves the students' further study. Here we mainly mention the helpfulness for reading aloud. Reading aloud helps the students to get a correct pronunciation and intonation and to develop the combination of vocabularies' pronunciation, spelling and meaning. Furthermore it also helps the students to find out the article's internal feelings and appreciate the beauty of the language. A linguist ever said: "A poem is not a poem until it is read." Reading aloud is basic in the middle school, and the teachers should make full use of body language to develop the students' ability of reading aloud. When reading the sentences, attention should be paid to where to speak softly, emphasize, and raise or lower our tone. To make it clear, we can imitate the strong or soft pats that are used in music teaching, which means to use the arcs to represent different tones. In a word, the vivid gesture together with the fluent English can create a good circumstance of learning, which will surely play an active part in improving the students' reading ability.
4. Body language helps to improve writing.
Writing is one of the four basic skills of learning language, and it is so important a skill that we can even say without it, people can't communicate with others. Not only should the students get some English knowledge and vocabularies, but also the ability to communicate in spoken and written English as what is mentioned in the teaching programs. To some extent, writing is much more important than speaking, for it can spread without the limitation of space and time. To get rid of the students' feelings of being dull and tiring, an English teacher has to use every possible method. This is the same to the writing. Teachers use different method in order to improve the students' ability of writing, among which, the application of body language can deepen the object impression, such is magnificent in developing the students' writing ability.
The linguist Franklin ever said, "Tell me, I'll forget; teach me, I'll remember; involve me and I'll learn." If we asked the students to write an unfamiliar composition, they would probably be unable to and feel discouraged. However, the students can write excellent articles if they have the experience.
IV. Conclusion
Learning English needs practice. The 45 minutes in class is very precious and should be cherished, during which the students should practice as much as possible. To exert the limited time, teachers are required to adopt some effective methods. The use of body language can not only attract the students' attention, but also deepen their impression and imagination. The use of body language is completely up to the standard of audio-visual teaching principle, so teachers should try to teach in English from the beginning to the end, together with the corresponding body language. In the end, the students' ability of English will be certainly and greatly improved.
大卫科波菲尔的形象分析
Abstract
David Copperfield is well known as one representative work by Charles Dickens. The greatest novelist in the Victorian period depicted a broad picture of the society of his times by telling the uncommon life of his boy hero, David Copperfield. In addition, David Copperfield was also Dickens’ own favorite. It is written in the first person and is the most autobiographical of all his books. In writing, Dickens threw into this novel deep feelings and much of his own experience in his younger days. By David’s history and experience, Dickens in some way retrospected and drew a conclusion to his life and expressed his life attitude and moral ideal. Furthermore his novel also disclosed the faulty mask of capitalist society and remarkably reflected the negative damage to the marriage, family and society caused by money. It is safe to say that David Copperfield is one of the most excellent characters among all Dickens created. The thesis undertakes to have a detailed study of the characteristics of David Copperfield through the analysis of the influence of the people around him and make a preliminary explanation to it. The work will be done along the development of David Copperfield, from his childhood to his adulthood. The analysis of the characteristics of David Copperfield will provide us a chance to see the features of the capitalist society and give us some inspiration about the life.
Key Words: characteristics; life experience; capitalist society
摘 要
大卫?科波菲尔是广为人知的查尔斯?狄更斯的一部代表作。这位维多利亚时期最伟大的作家通过讲述主人公大卫?科波菲尔不平凡的生活经历为读者描绘了一幅当时社会的广阔画卷。另外，这部小说还是狄更斯自己最钟爱的一部作品。它以第一人称叙事，是狄更斯作品中最接近自传的一部作品。在小说中，作者投入了个人深切的情感并运用了大量个人早年的生活经历，狄更斯借“大卫自身的历史和经验”，从某些方面回顾和总结了自己的生活道路，表现出他的人生态度、道德理想，从而也多层次地揭示了当时社会的真实面貌，突出地表现了金钱对婚姻、家庭和社会的腐蚀作用。完全可以说，大卫?科波菲尔是狄更斯创造的最为出色的一个人物形象之一。本文旨在通过对大卫?科波菲尔的周围人物对其性格的影响分析，全面研究大卫?科波菲尔的性格，并对此作出初步的阐述。从童年，青年直到成年时期的大卫?科波菲尔的变化中发现其成长历程中的特点。对大卫?科波菲尔性格的分析，为我们了解资本主义的特征提供了机会，同时也给了我们关于人生的启迪。
关键词： 性格 生活经历 资本主义社会
Introduction
Charles Dickens（1812～1870） British writer. Dickens lived in the early Victorian period, and all his life and works kept pace with the development of his times. On the whole, his novels were mainly written in a realistic way, disclosing the hypocrisy, greed, meanness and cruelty of the upper-class and capitalist society. As well he was always trying to awaken the general public to struggle against the oppression with a great sympathy and serious attitude. In addition he praised in his works the good qualities of human beings, such as truth, kindness and beauty. Dickens was the main representative of Realism in 1900s. Karl Marx praised him and Thackeray as a group of outstanding novelist of G.B.
David Copperfield, created in 1850, was one semi-autobiography by Dickens. It told readers an uncommon story about the boy-hero David Copperfield in a time order. David was born when his father had died. His weak and poor mother remarried Mr. Murdestone, who proved to be a cruel and heartless man. The step-father deprived him of the happiness of childhood and eventually his mother’s life. David became a real orphan. He luckily met a kind-hearted aunt who helped him much in his growth and development. At last David made a great success by his own efforts. David Copperfield is popular with Dickens’ readers all over the world. In Dickens’ own words, it was his own favorite baby.
Chapter 1 Charles Dickens and his David Copperfield
1.1The Similarity Between Charles Dickens and David Copperfield
One great literature figure defined the “novel” as the description of the typical character in the typical environment (especially referring to the social environment). In writing this thesis, the famous definition gives some inspiration to the author. According to the theory, the influence of the other characters in this novel will be taken into consideration in the analysis of the characteristics of David Copperfield. For David Copperfield is one semi-autobiography, it will be a wise and convenient way to analyze the characteristics of the boy hero through the study of the writer himself, including his background, his experiences, his individuality and his attitude. As a result, David Copperfield is Dickens’ David Copperfield and there is a degree of resemblance between the two.
There are a lot of proofs regarding this point, such as:
Firstly，both of them had a difficult time when they were only a child and the experience as a child-labor had a deep influence on their latter life. Secondly, both of them had an uncommon love history. Especially Dora, who won the heart of David Copperfield in this novel had the same name with one of Dickens’ children who died still an infant. And Agnes Wickfield, the final lover of David Copperfield is much like one of Dickens’ love, Georgina, a friend and helper to Dickens. Thirdly, both of them took to literature and made a great success in their career.
Actually in writing this novel Dickens made a good use of his own life experience. Thus the readers may have a further understanding about the great writer by reading this work. At the same time, when we analyzing the characteristics of David Copperfield，it will be a good choice to take advantage of the study of the writer himself.
1.2Dickens’ Unhappy Childhood and the Characteristics of David Copperfield
Dickens’ childhood was not a happy one. He was not sent to the school because his father was overwhelmed by financial difficulties. Little Dickens had to work to support the family. The work at Warren’s Blacking was a job demeaning and stultifying to his talents. Forster ever said this miserable experience was the secret agony of his soul and the misery to the young heart. In the novel Warren’s Blacking factory appears as Murdestone and Grinby. The hard and bitter life in their childhood on one side deprived them of happiness and was against their development. That is what the readers see about Copperfield: weakness, timid and lack of self-assurance. However, the unpleasant experience on the other side made the ambitious and strong-willed character. In Chapter 11, David’s thought “I feel my hopes of growing up to be a learned and distinguished man, crushed in my bosom” is the best proof for that. (Dickens, 2003:178) To some degree, the misery of child-labor is a positive motivation to the success of both the writer and his boy hero.
1.3 Dickens’ Family Background and the Characteristics of David Copperfield
Dickens was born in a middle-class family. His grand parents on his father’s side were servants a superior kind in being butler and housekeeper in an aristocratic family and thus holding a position of power and authority, which was as likely to claim the respect of their masters as the awe of their inferiors. Because of such family background, Dickens was inevitably affected and held a conservative class attitude. Thus in the novel readers can observe that good characters are forced to hardship, disappointment, trial and affliction, and to suffer most cruelty while the bad characters do not suffer so much. Steerforth, though a villain, does not suffer as much as Little Emily, his relatives and David do. Even when Uriah Heep lands in law, he is still swindling and still gaining benefits. Murdestone is shown not only as surviving right through to the end of the novel but as cheating and marring another woman who is as credulous as David’s mother.
As a reflection of Dickens’ own position, the hero of this novel, David Copperfield showed such negative characteristics as slipperiness and worldly wisdom.
1.4 Dickens’ Attitude and the Characteristics of David Copperfield
As is known to all Dickens made an amazing series of achievements and Dickens obviously enjoyed the sense that they were due to his own efforts and struggles in which his parents had little part to play.
The life in Blacking Factory firmed his general attitude to the world, which helps to explain the extent to which the novels are on the side of youth. In other words, Dickens appreciated the good quality of self-reliance and the strong will of young people.
Considering this point, it will be easy to understand why the writer made David suffer so many difficulties such as the ill-treatment of his step-father, the bitter life in Blacking Factory and the bankruptcy of his aunt (though proved to be his aunt’s deliberate plan). Besides, Dickens showed a deep sympathy to the lower-class in his works. And the writer also expressed his feelings about the poor people by his description of David Copperfield.
As is liked by Dickens, he created a brave, strong and kind-hearted David Copperfield. In order to get an overall understanding about the characteristics of David Copperfield, the author will have a detailed study of the content of the novel in the following chapters.
Chapter 2 The Characteristics of Child David Copperfield
2.1 Weakness and Timidity of David Copperfield
Copperfield was born at midnight when the clock began to strike. He thought he was “destined to be unlucky in life”. (Dickens, 2003:1) It is not correct to say that his life was an unlucky one. But it is certain that he had an unlucky childhood. The most remarkable characteristic of child David Copperfield is his weakness and timidity, which is also a gloomy shadow in his life. When facing the cruelty of his step-father and suffering the ill-treatment in Salen House, David showed his weakness and timidity. He made no struggle or counterstrike. Do you think it is natural for a child or there are any other reasons?
2.1.1 David’s Mother
David was born six months after his father’s death. His mother played a particularly important part in the formation of his characteristics. As parents are the best examples of their children. David’s mother was “poorly in health and very low in sprits”. (Dickens, 2003:4)In front of Mr. and Miss Murdestone, his inexperienced and girlish mother was scared and frightened. She could not help or protect her child at all. In Chapter 2, his mother remonstrated him when he put away Mr. Murdestone’s hands touching him. In fact, his poor mother was fully controlled by his step-father. That was just what Mother taught him: to endure and obey, not to struggle or protest when facing his step-father’s tyranny and cruelty. Mother’s death was a heavy blow to David. An image of weakness was broken, which might be a turning-point in his life. It softened the impression of his mother and caused some changes in his thinking. But it is no doubt that his mother left in the world a lonely and weak David Copperfield.
2.1.2 Mr. and Miss Murdestone
“I might have been improved for my whole life, I might have been made another creature perhaps, for life, by a kind word at that season”. (Dickens, 2003:51)This was what David recalled about Mr. Murdestone, which showed the importance of Mr. Murdestone in his life.
Under the control of his step-father, David was helpless. Although he hated Mr. Murdestone, he could not do anything more than crying. Mr. and Miss Murdestone were in charge of the family. And “firmness, was the grand quality on which both of them took their stand”. (Dickens, 2003:54)So-called firmness was “another name for tyranny, and for a certain gloomy, arrogant, devil’s humor, that was in them both”. (Dickens, 2003:54)It’s unreasonable to say that David was born a weak and timid creature. As he was no more than a child, he really did not have that power or capability to change what he suffered from Mr. and Miss Murdestone, two gloomy devils in David’s word. It can be imagined what a difficult situation little David was in. It was natural for him to show weakness and timidity when facing the cruel world.
2.1.3 David’s Fellow Partners
Without his parents’ love, the friends played an especially important role in David’s life for that broken heart.
Ham and Little Emily were an orphan nephew and niece. Before David went to school, they were his best fellow partners. On one side, with the similar background (all of them were orphans), David felt a little bit of happiness and warmness when they played with each other. On the other side, it did nothing good to changing David’s weakness and timidity. Wounded by David, Mr. Murdestone sent him away from home and he began the life in Salen House. He at first suffered the humiliation that he was ordered to wear a placard with a note “Take care of him. He bites”. (Dickens, 2003:87)At that time, another important character turned up in David’s life. He was Steerforth, the idol of child David. When he was at school, Steerforth was no doubt became his saint patron. Even later in his life as a little outcast, on waking up he found himself sitting up with Steerforth’s name upon his lips. David in this period did not make any progress in his characteristics. And he remained to be that weak and timid David Copperfield.
2.2 Innocence and Kindness of David Copperfield.
Little David was unlucky to face so much hardship, but had some good qualities in common with any other child such as innocence and kindness. This will be referred to in the following paragraphs.
2.2.1 David’s Innocence
David fell in love with Little Emily when they companied each other in the days in Yarmouth. The affection was the most innocent feelings for a child. David “loved that baby quite as truly, quite as tenderly with great purity than can enter into the best love of a later time of life”. (Dickens, 2003:41) Both of them did not worry about the future or any other troubles before them. The biggest for them was love. Because they were young and innocent.
On the way to Salen House, the writer referred to an interesting incident. With the “simple confidence and natural reliance of a child upon superior years”, David was used by Servant William. (Dickens, 2003:78) Little David was certain to lack some worldly wisdom and he was only an innocent child.
When David worked at Murdestone and Grinby, he met Mr. Micauber whose clothes were shabby, but had an imposing shirt collar on. David did not make fun of him. Instead when he heard of his tragedy and financial difficulties, he was solemnly convinced that he never for an hour was reconciled to it, or was otherwise than miserably unhappy. Even he wanted to lend some money to Mr. Micauber to help him tide over the difficulties, though he himself was poor.
Innocence was the most valuable and shinning characteristic of David Copperfield. And we can never find it in his later life.
2.2.2 Kindness of David Copperfield
Although David met in his life so many bad persons like Mr. and Miss Murdestone, Mr. Creakle and Uriah Heep, he also had a lot of sincere friends and helpers who made David still a kind-hearted one. That is to say, though he had known some bad qualities of the people, David remained what he used to be.
In Mr. Murdestone’s house, except his mother, Pegotty was the only one who loved David. And different from his mother, she was able to protect David. When David was treated badly by Mr. and Miss Murdestone, Pegotty came to comfort him at night. And when David was sent away from home, Pegotty wrote letters to encourage him. As is known Pegotty was a servant in David’s family, but she did far more than a servant. To some degree, she was more like David’s mother. Even when David’s mother misunderstood her, Pegotty still took it for granted to protect and help David and his poor mother. It was her loyalty and kindness that was a great help to the development of little David. And David was grateful to her, so he permitted the carrier Barkis to marry her, considering the happiness of Pegotty. That was also little David’s kindness.
In a word, child David was innocent and kind in nature.
Chapter3 The Characteristics of Young David Copperfield
3.1 Sincerity of David Copperfield
David’s aunt engendered his determination to leave the dreadful factory, and turn a new leaf of his life. Therefore an introduction of his aunt should come first. David’s aunt, Betsey Trotwood, a feistiness and a wisdom which combine to make her one of the strongest, most independent-minded of all Dickens’ fictional women characters. David believed in his aunt and he was willing to obey her and listen to her advice. What kind of a person David would be depended on his own will, in which his aunt played a great part. In Chapter 15, his aunt told him “never be mean in anything, never be false, and never be cruel”. （Dickens, 2003:258）It (sincerity) was David’s commission to his aunt.
When facing Uriah Heep, who always claimed to be a humble man, David was totally at a loss what to do with him. “I felt embarrassed by these compliment” and “they( Heep and his mother ) just did what they liked with me and wormed things out of me what I had no desire to tell”. (Dickens, 2003:300)David himself contributed it to his juvenile frankness. David treated others with his sincerity and a natural feeling of trust.
For all these reasons David was a “Daisy” in Steerforth’s eyes. And the “Daisy” is the best symbol of David’s sincerity.
3.2 Slipperiness of David Copperfield
Slipperiness (we can call it worldly wisdom too) is not a completely depreciative word here. It means that David gradually learned some cleverness to deal with the constantly changing world.
David had his new profession, a decent job in Doctor’s Commons. David’s aunt spent one thousand pound in this deal. In this transaction, David began to realize the power of money and the nature of the relations between members of the society. In Doctors’ Commons, Mr. Spenlow told David some secret truth of his profession, “the genteel and most profitable profession in the world”. (Dickens, 2003:457) But David had not the hardihood to suggest to him that possibly they might even improve the world a little, for he did not want to lose his “gentlemanly character”. (Dickens, 2003:569)Some changes inevitably took place in David’s mind. It should be noticed that he even had at that time some lurking distrust of Steerforth, although he wrote to him most affectionately in reply to his letters. It was really a different David. What is more, when he met Mr. Micauber again, he told Tradle, one of his old classmates not to lend Mr. Micauber anything. Nevertheless David’s slipperiness was not a sickening and disgusting characteristic for it was different from Uriah Heep’s slipperiness and it did not mean any harm to others.
3.3 Imaturity of David Copperfield
David had a desire to apply himself to some pursuit that would not lie too heavily on his aunt and do his own duty. But the too comfortable life indeed tortured his determination.
In this period David Copperfield was conservative and had not much passion to his life. In his own words, he lacked firmness and self-reliance. He was immature yet. He could not find a right person he could rely on. Thus the life was empty to him. He threw himself into the ridiculous life smoking and drinking. At the same time he regretted for that when he met Agnes, his “good angel”. (Dickens, 2003:432)He thought of his purity in the early days and shed tears. Later David had his object, Dora. And soon he lost heart to her. The writer used a long passage to des cribe David’s love with Dora and we can infer that his love was really true but it was not reasonable, anyway. Dora was just like a fairy from the heaven, she was destined not to go with David very well. As a result their marriage was not a happy one. In Chapter 48, the frictions in daily life forced David to reconsider their love. He admitted that his own heart was undisciplined when it first loved Dora. He wished his wife had been his counselor; had had more character or purpose to sustain him and improved him by; had been endowed with power to fill up the void about him. Obviously Dora was not his right girl. Actually the blindness in love, in some way, showed the immaturity of young David.
All of these facts gave the best explanation to David’s immaturity.
3.4 Self-distrust of David Copperfield
“A distrust of myself has often beset me in life on small occasions”. (Dickens, 2003:334) At the bottom of his heart, David was self-contemptuous not only because of his family background but his unsuccessful career. His profession lied heavily on his aunt’s support. It should not be denied that David had a strong-willed aunt, but his aunt could not give him self-confidence. Therefore David had not felt happy though he got a decent job and became a gentleman. In addition in pursuit of Dora, especially after his aunt told him about her bankruptcy, David showed his self-distrust, because he was not sure whether Dora would love a poor David. But he should have known that only by his own efforts can he succeed and get his confidence. Besides Steerforth was another character who had a great influence on David’s self-distrust. “I was rather bashful at first, Steerforth being so self-possessed and elegant and superior to me in all respects”. (Dickens, 2003:340)At the school, David was protected by Steerforth and he seemed wiser than any other student. He had all the qualities that David did not possess such as courage, wisdom and elegance. Compared with his idol, David was sure to feel self-distrust. When he was a child, he might be a person bringing David hope. However, it became a gloomy shadow to David when he grew up.
To be concluded, young David Copperfield was identified with the most complex characteristics in all his life. He was ambitious to be a distinguished man, but the life experience could not give her sufficient confidence or courage. He wished to treat others sincerely but sometimes he showed his slipperiness. He had the desire to rely on himself but he was unwilling to abandon the comfortable life. It is a critical period for David Copperfield. After the all the troubles, we will see a totally different David Copperfield, Dickens’ best boy hero.
Chapter4 The Characteristics of David Copperfield in His Adulthood
4.1 Self-reliance of David Copperfield
David and his aunt seldom met with each other. But when they met again this time his aunt brought a bad news to him: “I am ruined”. (Dickens, 2003:594)David was shocked by what he heard about his aunt. When his aunt was still in a composed frame of mind, David was really crushed by some frustrated feelings. For his aunt was the pillar in David’s life, her bankruptcy meant he lost the main support and thereafter he had to rely on himself. His clever aunt encouraged him: “we must meet reverses boldly and not suffer them to frighten us”. (Dickens, 2003:595)
At this time David realized that “what I had to do was, to turn the painful discipline of my younger days to account, by going to work with a resolute and steady heart”. “I had infinite satisfaction in being so closely engaged and never walked slowly on any account”. (Dickens, 2003:622) In this period we cannot neglect that Dora played an important role in the altered character of David. Because Dora was his object, he felt enthusiastically that “the more I tired myself, the more I was doing to deserve Dora”. (Dickens, 2003:622) Dora was the direct motivation for David to change his own life.
In this process, Mr. Dick set a good example to David. In Chapter 36, there is a piece of description about Mr. Dick: “his going about to change this treasure into sixpences, bringing to my aunt arranged in the form of a heart upon a waiter, with tears of joy in his eyes” and (he) “thought my aunt the most wonderful woman in existence and me the most wonderful young man”. (Dickens, 2003:633)Mr. Dick was one of the best friends, his perseverance and confidence surely encouraged David.
The love with Dora forced David to work pretty hard, and busily keep red-hot all the irons he had now on the fire. He himself felt his resolution. David made a series of achievements and won the heart of Dora. He had done all by himself.
David was not a weak and timid child any more. He had become a strong man. Mr. Wickfield’s death did not defeat him and he comforted Dora’s hurt soul and won her love at last with his perseverance and resolution. Even when Dora died, David was not despaired because he had acquired the capability of living. He could rely on himself rather than others. Eventually David grew to be a famous writer and a real hero with the characteristic of self-reliance.
4.2 The Generosity of David Copperfield
4.2.1 His Generosity to Steerforth
Steerforth, who ever was the best friend of David, was proved to be a false man when he induced Little Emily to run away with him. He betrayed David and hurt his innocent friend’s sincere feelings to him. For some time, David hated Steerforth very much because he broke a happy family and offended and humiliated the kindness of the Pegottys, who were David’s respectable friends. But David thought more about his good qualities. He tried to find a best excuse for Steerforth’s wrong doing. Mr. Pegotty’s attitude toward Emily affected David. Although Emily hurt his heart Mr. Pegotty was generous to her: “if all hurts should come to me, remember that the last words I left for her was: my unchanged love is with my darling child and I forgive her”. (Dickens, 2003:562)And Ham was also a great and generous man. He cost his life to save Steerforth who stole his girl. Eventually David excused his old friend, and brought him back to his home. David’s manner was earnest and the tears in his eyes were the best testimony for his generosity.
4.2.2 His Generosity to His Child Wife
As is mentioned in Chap.3.3, David and his child wife did not go on very well with each other. Dora knew nothing about the practical life and she could not help David in his writing. That was why David wished to change Dora a little. But at last, he gave up his plan. He realized that Dora’s mind was already formed. He decided to be satisfied with his child wife and try to change her into nothing by any progress. He was heartily tired of being sagacious and prudent. He was willing to give Dora more freedom and happiness.
Their marriage was not a perfect one because the disparity between their mind. But we see a generous David who tolerated lovely Dora and gave her all happy days as he could. The generosity of David Copperfield should be appreciated by the readers.
4.3 Stability and Maturity of David Copperfield
Through so much difficulties and troubles, David had become steady in his steps in his adulthood. In his profession, his love and his friendship, David all found his best answers. He lived his life with his stability and maturity of his mind.
Regarding his profession, David went on along a right road. He took to the literature and had fun in what he did. David felt more and more confidence with the success of his career. David knew that his child dream came true by his years’ hard work.
And after his child wife died, David decided to give his most sincere love to Agnes, his good angel. However, he was hesitant before Agnes. He dared not to tell her “I love you”. Because he knew what the three words meant, he did not want to hurt Agnes. He thought “it was for me to guard this sisterly affection with religious care. And for David Agnes was no doubt his best choice. Agnes was the light shined on his way. She was the source of every worthy aspiration, the center of his life and the right person he founded his love on a rock. For all the efforts David took, he deserved the love of Agnes. With Agnes’ love and guide, David would make his life better and became more mature and steady in his life.
David also found the true friendship in his life. His old classmate, Tradle, who at school was the merriest and most miserable of all the boys, appeared at the end of the novel as a helper of David Copperfield. Tradle was still what he used to be, and he held it as a solemn duty to stand by one another. That was what we called true friend David needed.
How to describe David’s happy ending. It will be proper to use David’s own words: I see myself, with Agnes at my side, journeying along the road of life. I see our children and our friends around us; and I hear the roar of many voices, not indifferent to me as I travel on.
Conclusion
Through the four chapters of analysis of the characteristics of David Copperfield, a conclusion can be drawn here.
Born in a singled-parent family, David was affected heavily by his weak mother. His step-father treated him badly and David’s childhood was really a nightmare. It was lucky for David to have Pegotty who helped him. Child David was innocent and kind-hearted. The runaway from Murdestone and Grinby marks the end of David’s childhood. Now David was already a young man. In this period he was on the way to be a man and began to get a further understanding of the life. The characteristics of young David are really something complex. There are both positive and negative sides in his characteristics such as sincerity, slipperiness, immaturity and self-distrust. With his aunt’s support, David got a decent profession and knew much worldly knowledge in association with Mr. Spenlow. The love with Dora showed his immaturity and all of his youthful period can be defined as an immature one. Betsey Trotwood, David’s aunt played a really important role in David’s change in his characteristics. The bankruptcy of his aunt was a significant incident for David Copperfield. He had to say goodbye to yesterday, no more comfortable life and no more financial support from the wealthy aunt. The very change in David’s life was later proved to be a big opportunity for him to make a new era in his life. Thereafter he began to work hard and did his own duty. At last Dickens made a mature boy hero, David Copperfield.
Bibliography
[1] Booz.B.Elisabeth. A Brief Introduction to Modern English Literature[M]. Shanghai : Shanghai Foreign Education Press, 1993.4.
[2] Dickens.Charles. David Copperfield BookⅠ [M]. Yili：Yili People’s Press, Ke Wen Press, 2003.
[3] Dickens.Charles. David Copperfield BookⅡ [M]. Yili：Yili People’s Press，Ke Wen Press, 2003.
[4] Eagleton.Terry Literary Theory: An Introduction[M]. Beijing：Foreign Language Teaching And Research Press, 2004.
[5] Jordan.O. John. The Cambridge Companion To Charles Dickens[M]. Shanghai :Shanghai Foreign Education Press, 2004.
[6] 刘炳善．英国文学简史新修订版[M]. 郑州：河南人民出版社, 1993.
[7] 申富英,公丽艳. 新编英国文学教程[M]. 济南: 山东大学出版社, 2001.8(2005.8重印).
[8] 吴伟仁. 英国文学史选读[M]. 北京：外语教学与研究出版社, 2003.
[9] 杨岂深，孙铢．英国文学选读 第一册[M]. 上海：上海译文出版社, 2003. [10] 张戬坤.奉献人生[M]. 香港: 飞天文化出版社, 2001.
Acknowledgements
First and foremost, my heartfelt thanks should be given to my supervisor, Sun Bo, who has offered me valuable advice during my writing of this thesis and spent a lot of time reading and correcting the drafts. It is not exaggerated to say that this thesis could not be accomplished without his guides and efforts.
I would also like to express my gratitude to some teachers who have offered many useful and creative suggestions during the writing of this thesis.
Moreover, I should also express my thanks to some of my friends who have provided me a lot of helps in the process of writing this thesis.
Last but not the least I would express my sincere appreciation to my parents for their advice and patience when I felt anxious and upset during the writing of this paper.
书面表达训练 （议论文 观点辩论）（
书面表达训练 （议论文 观点辩论）（一）
2004年雅典奥运会使中国令世人瞩目，中国运动员创造了新的奥运会金牌记录。获金牌的运动员除了得到政府奖金20万元以外，还会从地方得到更多的奖励。对此，社会各界反响不一。
赞 成不 赞 成
1．运动员为国争了光
2．运动员付出了许多辛苦和汗水
3．奖金有利于中国体育后备力量的培养1．运动员是国家培养出来的，为国争光理所当然
2．得到大量奖金后，有些队员就会退役
3．一些企业趁机炒作，从中获取广告效应
请你就此现象进行简单阐述，并提出自己的一些看法或建议。（120词左右）
提示词汇：奖金bonus
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________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
书面表达训练 （议论文 观点辩论）（一）
书面表达指导:
一、议论文常用词汇和句型：
Opinions are divided on the question.
Some are in favor of it.(be for/ approve of/agree/support…) In their opinion,…/They hold the view that…
Others hold the opposite opinion(be against/disagree…). They argue that…
Every coin has two sides.
As far as I am concerned…/In my opinion…
二、议论性作文的结构：
1. 开门见山地点明所要阐述的内容。
2. 分析不同的观点：可采用分类式或对比式，并阐明理由。要注意层次清楚
条理清晰。
3. 归纳总结或发表评论。
2004年雅典奥运会使中国令世人瞩目，中国运动员创造了新的奥运会金牌记录。获金牌的运动员除了得到政府奖金20万元以外，还会从地方得到更多的奖励。对此，社会各界反响不一。
赞 成不 赞 成
1．运动员为国争了光
2．运动员付出了许多辛苦和汗水
3．奖金有利于中国体育后备力量的培养1．运动员是国家培养出来的，为国争光理所当然
2．得到大量奖金后，有些队员就会退役
3．一些企业趁机炒作，从中获取广告效应
请你就此现象进行简单阐述，并提出自己的一些看法或建议。（120词左右）
提示词汇：奖金bonus
范文：
China drew the most ever attention of the world in the 2004 Athens Olympic Games, in which the Chinese athletes set a new record by winning more gold medals than before. The winners of gold medals each received more rewards from local governments as well as a bonus of 200,000
yuan from the central government. Opinions are divided on the phenomenon.
Some are in favor of it. In their opinion, athletes have won great honour for the country and to win a gold medal, athletes have to make great efforts. What’s more, rewards will benefit the training of future players.
In contrast, others hold the opinion that athletes are trained by the country so they are supposed to win honor for China. Also some athletes will probably quit after getting much money. What’s worse, some enterprises will take advantage of the successful athletes to advertise for them, which will have a bad effect on their image.
As far as I am concerned, it is necessary to do so since it can inspire athletes to do better in the next Olympics.
书面表达训练（议论文 观点辩论）（二）
假如你是某中学学生李华。最近，你班同学正在参加21世纪英文报“大家谈”栏目的一个讨论。本次话题为：“父母有没有必要陪读？”
请你根据下表所列情况给报社写一封信，客观地介绍讨论的情况。
70%的同学认为：30%的同学认为：
1． 父母不应该陪读
2． 父母陪读让我们养成依赖的习惯，不利于我们将来自控能力的培养，不利于我们培养良好的学习习惯。
3． 父母陪读影响了他们的工作、学习和休息。1． 父母应该陪读
2． 父母陪读能使我们腾出更多的专心学习，使我们身体更健康。
3． 父母陪读能帮助我们确立学习目标，督促我们完成学习任务，鼓励我们独立解决困难，培养我们养成良好的学习习惯。
注意：1. 信的形式已经为你写好。
2．词数100左右。
3．参考词汇：陪读 accompany sb. studying at school 督促 urge
书面表达训练 （议论文 观点辩论）（二）
假如你是某中学学生李华。最近，你班同学正在参加21世纪英文报“大家谈”栏目的一个讨论。本次话题为：“父母有没有必要陪读？”
请你根据下表所列情况给报社写一封信，客观地介绍讨论的情况。
70%的同学认为：30%的同学认为：
1． 父母不应该陪读
2． 父母陪读让我们养成依赖的习惯，不利于我们将来自控能力的培养，不利于我们培养良好的学习习惯。
3． 父母陪读影响了他们的工作、学习和休息。1． 父母应该陪读
2． 父母陪读能使我们腾出更多的专心学习，使我们身体更健康。
3． 父母陪读能帮助我们确立学习目标，督促我们完成学习任务，鼓励我们独立解决困难，培养我们养成良好的学习习惯。
注意：1. 信的形式已经为你写好。
2．词数100左右。
3．参考词汇：陪读 accompany sb. studying at school 督促 urge
Dear editor,
Recently our class have had a heated discussion on whether students should be accompanied by parents studying at school. Opinions are divided on the topic.
70% of my classmates hold the view that there is no need for parents to do so. For one thing, we may fall into the habit of dependence, which will have a negative effect on the development of our self-control ability. For another, it will affect our parents’ work, study and rest.
However, 30% of us are in favor of it. In their opinion, with parents accompanying us, we can spare more time to concentrate on our study and we will become more healthy. Furthermore, parents can help set our study goal and urge us to complete our study tasks. Also we can overcome difficulties on our own. with their encouragement and develop a good habit of studying.
Best wishes.
Yours,
Li Hua
书面表达训练 （议论文 发表观点）（三）
假如你们学校“英语爱好者俱乐部”将对“良好饮食习惯”这一话题进行讨论。请根据下列提示，用英语写一篇发言稿。内容要点应包括：
部分同学的饮食习惯
良好的饮食习惯
个人看法
注意：1.发言稿必须包括所有内容要点，可适当发挥；
2.发言稿开头与结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数;
3.词数：120左右.
4.参考词汇:偏食be particular about food 零食 snack
Dear friends,
As we all know, we are what we eat. Therefore , it’s very important for us to form healthy eating habits. ____________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That’s all. Thank you!
书面表达训练 （议论文 发表观点）（三）
假如你们学校“英语爱好者俱乐部”将对“良好饮食习惯”这一话题进行讨论。请根据下列提示，用英语写一篇发言稿。内容要点应包括：
部分同学的饮食习惯
良好的饮食习惯
个人看法
注意：1.发言稿必须包括所有内容要点，可适当发挥；
2.发言稿开头与结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数;
3.词数：120左右.
4.参考词汇:偏食be particular about food 零食 snack
范文：
Dear friends,
As we all know, we are what we eat. Therefore, it’s a very important for us to from healthy
eating habits. However, bad eating habits are still very common among us students. Some of us often
go to school without breakfast and some like to have snacks during breaks, as a result of which they can’t take in enough nutrients. We can also find that some students are particular about food; and
still some eat or drink too much. All these bad habits will surely do harm to our health.
To keep fit, we should have various healthy diets, which generally include proper amounts of fish, meat, vegetables, fruit as well as main food. Besides, we’d better have meals regularly.
In my opinion, we should try to develop healthy eating habits to build up a strong body. Only in this way can we have enough energy to study better.
That’s all. Thank you!
书面表达训练 （议论文 发表观点）（四）
假设你是李华，在出国交流学习期间，到当地一家电影院看了一场精彩的电影，但在观影过程中发现了一些问题。请你根据下列提示用英语给影院经理写一封信。
1. 因广告过多，影片放映晚点；
2. 影片播放音量过大；
3. 安全出口标识不明，存在安全隐患；
适当结尾。
注意：
1.词数：80～120；
2.可适当加入细节，以使行文连贯；
3.信的开头已为你写好（不计入词数）。
参考词汇：安全出口－exit
安全隐患－potential safety hazard
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
书面表达训练 （议论文 发表观点）（四）
假设你是李华，在出国交流学习期间，到当地一家电影院看了一场精彩的电影，但在观影过程中发现了一些问题。请你根据下列提示用英语给影院经理写一封信。
1. 因广告过多，影片放映晚点；
2. 影片播放音量过大；
3. 安全出口标识不明，存在安全隐患；
适当结尾。
注意：
1.词数：80～120；
2.可适当加入细节，以使行文连贯；
3.信的开头已为你写好（不计入词数）。
参考词汇：安全出口－exit
安全隐患－potential safety hazard
Dear Manager,
I’m an exchange student from China. Yesterday, I went to your cinema to see a film. The film was
very good, but I’d like to tell you several problems I found while watching the film.
Firstly, because there were too many advertisements, the film failed to begin on time, which made some audience angry. Secondly, the volume was too high, only to make me feel uncomfortable. And the last, when the film was on, I looked around carefully but didn’t see an exit sign. I think we shouldn’t ignore potential safety hazard in public places, especially in a cinema.
Of course, it’s my own opinion, but I do hope that my suggestion will be a little help to you and that your cinema will take on a new look.
Yours faithfully,
Li Hua
书面表达训练 （议论文 结合图表发表观点）（五）
今年寒假，你参加了社会实践活动，去某旅行社当业余导游。请根据该旅行社提供的数据和你的所见所闻，用英语写一篇短文，作为寒假作业交给你的英语老师。
Number of people in City X travelling
abroad in 1996, 2001 and 2006
要求：1. 简析表格，说明产生这种现象的原因；2. 结合漫画，谈谈境外旅游出现的`问题；
3. 针对所出现的问题阐述你自己的看法（至少两点）；4. 词数120左右；
5. 参考词汇：吐痰 spit v.
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书面表达训练 （议论文 结合图表发表观点）（五）
今年寒假，你参加了社会实践活动，去某旅行社当业余导游。请根据该旅行社提供的数据和你的所见所闻，用英语写一篇短文，作为寒假作业交给你的英语老师。
Number of people in City X travelling
abroad in 1996, 2001 and 2006
要求：1. 简析表格，说明产生这种现象的原因；2. 结合漫画，谈谈境外旅游出现的问题；
3. 针对所出现的问题阐述你自己的看法（至少两点）；4. 词数120左右；
5. 参考词汇：吐痰 spit v.
When people’s life is getting better and better, more and more people choose to spend their holidays abroad. The year 2006 sees a sharp increase in the number of overseas travelers compared with the year 2001, when the number was already more than double that of the year 1996. It’s a good thing that Chinese tourism is developing very fast. And yet, reports about people’s bad manners flood in. Some are even asked if all Chinese spit and litter everywhere. The poor behavior has done great harm to the image of China, which is really shameful.
China has long been regarded as a country with good manners. Everybody should keep some do’s and don’ts in their mind to guide their behavior in public, home and abroad. Win respect for yourself and our country!
一、评分原则
1．词数少于100，从总分中减去2分。
2．评分时，应注意的内容为：内容要点、应用词汇和语法结构的数量和准确性、上下文的连贯性及语言的得体性。
3．拼写和标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面，评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。
4．如书写较差，以致影响交际，将分数降低一个档次。
二、内容要点
1. 简析表格内容；
2. 出境旅游人数快速增长的原因，如：生活水平的提高（学生需自己发挥）
3. 漫画中的问题: 随地吐痰，乱扔垃圾
4. 个人的看法，指出这些行为是不文明的；要提倡社会公德（学生需自己发挥至少两点）
书面表达指导（结合图表发表看法）
常用句型:
1. As is shown by the graph/in the table。。（概述图表，得出结论）
It can be seen from the table that … （概述图表，得出结论）
A. 正如曲线所示，最近54年来该国人口飞速增长。
As is shown by the graph, there has been a rapid increase in the population of the country in the
past five years.
B. 从表中所给的统计数字可以看出，从1985年到1990年中国的人均收入迅速提高。
From the statistics given in the table it can be seen that the average personal income of the Chinese people increased (grew 、rose) rapidly from 1985 to 1990.
C. 从曲线图可以得出结论，最近5年来中国人口的出生率已经大大下降。
It can be concluded from the graph that there has been a great decline in birth rates in China in the past five years.
2. … amount to … （数量总计）
add up to/come to /sum up to
全部费用合计200美元。
All the expenses (costs) amount to (= add up to) $ 200.
3. … increase/rise/grow/climb from … to … （数量增减）
…decrease/fall/drop from…to…
A. 这个工厂生产的彩电已由1986年的5000台增加到1990年的21000台。
The number of colour TV sets produced by the factory increased (rose , grew , climbed) from 5000 in 1986 to 21000 in 1990.
B. 这个学校的教职工人数已减少到700人。
The number of teaching staff members in this school has decreased to 700 persons.
There is (was) a rapid/sharp/sudden /gradual/slow rise/decrease in …
…be on the increase/decline
最近几年来这个地区的棉花产量有了迅速增长。
There has been a rapid increase in the cotton output in this area in the past few years.
4.（be）three times as + 形容词 + as …
(be) three times the size/amount/number/height/length of…
A. 现在我们地区的粮食产量相当于1970年的3倍。
The grain production (= output)in our area now is three times as great as that of 1970.
B.我校学生人数是去年的两倍。
The number of the students in our school is twice that of last year.
5. Compared with … , …
与去年相比，今年13项主要产品的产量都有大幅度增长。
Compared with that of last year, the output of 13 main products (= items) this year has increased to a great extent.
6. “结尾”段落中常用的句型：
1. In my opinion, … 2. Personally, I … 3. In short (= In brief), …
4. In conclusion, … 5.As far as I’m concerned, … 6. To conclude , it seems clear that …
至于说到我，我赞成前一种观点。所以，我的结论是，只要我们坚持正确的东西，改正错误的东西，我们就一定能成功。
As far as I’m concerned ,I’m in favour of the former view. Therefore, my conclusion is that we are certain to succeed as long as we stick to what is right and correct what is wrong.
书面表达训练 （议论文 结合图表发表观点）（六）
假设你是李华.你将代表学校参加国际中学生论坛，就你所在城市的教育状况发表演讲。请根据以下两幅图表,介绍你市高中学生构成情况及毕业去向的选择，并针对两幅图表中的数据所反映的情况发表你自己的看法。
注意：1．文章开头和结尾已经给出；
2．词数100左右(不包括已给部分)
3. 参考词汇: 图表: chart 职业学校: vocational school
外来务工人员: non-local workers
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书面表达训练 （议论文 结合图表发表观点）（六）
假设你是李华.你将代表学校参加国际中学生论坛，就你所在城市的教育状况发表演讲。请根据以下两幅图表,介绍你市高中学生构成情况及毕业去向的选择，并针对两幅图表中的数据所反映的情况发表你自己的看法。
注意：1．文章开头和结尾已经给出；2．词数100左右(不包括已给部分)
3. 参考词汇: 图表: chart 职业学校: vocational school
外来务工人员: non-local workers
范文：
Ladies and gentlemen,
I'm Li Hua. Today, I'm greatly honored to speak here on behalf of my school. I'm going to talk about the high school education of my city.
From Chart 1, we can see high school students are from different family backgrounds. Besides local students, who make up 91 percent, eight percent of the students are the children of non-local workers. Another 1 percent are foreigner students.
As is shown in chart 2, sixty percent of them intend to go to university, which is double the number of those who will attend vocational schools. Besides, the other ten percent choose to go abroad for further study.
In conclusion, it seems clear that our city government has made more efforts to help the non-local workers, whose children can enjoy the equal right of a good education with the city students. Also with the economic development of our city, more foreigners are attracted to set up businesses here and they are happy to send their children to local schools to learn more about China and Chinese culture. In addition, we have more freedom to choose what we would like to do after graduation. Going to college is no longer the only choice for most of us as it was years ago.
I believe the future of the education in our city is promising!
That's all. Thank you.
07扬州一模试卷书面表达范文：
Different Sources of Income Between Chinese and American Students
These two charts show the differences in the sources of income between Chinese and American students. As is shown in the charts, Chinese students get 90 percent of their income from their parents while American students get only 50 percent from parents. Besides, for Chinese students, income from doing part time jobs makes up only 5 percent of the total. So does income from scholarships. However, money from part time jobs and scholarships for American students amount to 35 and 15 percent respectively.
From the analysis above, we can easily find out the reasons. Chinese parents like to take more care of their children. They’d rather work hard and save money in order to provide their children with everything they need. American parents, on the other hand, like to pay more attention to the development of children’s ability to be independent. They would rather encourage their children to support themselves. As for students, Chinese students tend to depend on parents while American students think it natural to depend on themselves.
单句改错：
1. American students get 50% of their income from parents. While in China, 90% of the students’ income come from parents.
2. It causes the students in China don’t want to do part-time work to earn money.
3. American students are more indepent while Chinese students always depend their parents.
4. Besides the income from parents, who make up 50%, 35% of American students’ income are from their part-time jobs.
5. There is about 35% of the income comes from part-time jobs.
6. As is shown in the charts that half of the income of American students is from parents.
7. Chinese students are easier to depend on their parents.
8. Chinese parents don’t like American parents who attach great importance to their independence.
书面表达训练 （议论文 结合图表发表观点）（七）
根据图示，为报社写一篇关于我国交通事故的报告。分析原因并对这种情况提出改进措施。字数120字左右。（开头已给出）
The number of the traffic accidents has been growing in recent years. As can be seen from the graph,_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
书面表达训练 （议论文 结合图表发表观点）（七）
根据图示，为报社写一篇关于我国交通事故的报告。分析原因并对这种情况提出改进措施。字数120字左右。（开头已给出）
The number of the traffic accidents has been growing in recent years. As can be seen from the graph, in 2004 there occurred 570,000 traffic accidents, in which109,000 people got killed. By October 2005, the number of the accidents reached 566,000 and 95,600 people lost their lives. While the number of the cars makes up only 2% of the total of the world, the rate of the deaths is 22%, making China a country with the highest death rate of traffic accidents in the world.
The main reason why so many traffic accidents have happened is that the roads are too crowded and people ignore traffic rules. In order to reduce the traffic accidents, first, the government should take some proper measures, such as developing public traffics. Second, people should obey traffic rules, especially the drivers.
Only when people have decided to take action will traffic problems be solved.
书面表达训练 （议论文 结合图表发表观点）（八）
（南通二模考试范文）
Recently I have conducted a survey on taking a nap after lunch among my classmates. Most of them are in the habit of sleeping for a while at noon for they believe it does good to them. In general, students prefer to do so around 12:30 and the nap usually lasts for about 30 minutes. They often choose to sleep at home instead of in their classroom or dormitory.
Hopefully, the result of my survey can draw the attention of our parents and school. Since most students are in need of a nap, proper arrangements should be made so that students can have a good rest after a whole morning’s hard work. Students should not be asked to do extra schoolwork during this period of time. After all, with a nap after lunch, one can feel refreshed and energetic enough to study more efficiently in the afternoon.
书面表达训练 （应用文）（九）
（扬州一模考试范文）
Dear Wang Hai,
How are you doing?
Recently an American bestseller is popular among the students in our school. I read it, and to my
excitement, it was really inspiring. I would like to recommend it to you.
The book Chicken Soup for the Soul, written by Jack Canfield, was first published in 1993 and soon became a bestseller. So far over 8 million copies have been sold, ranking first in New York Times and USA Today. The book with 101 stories to open your heart and rekindle your spirit will surely inspire readers of all ages. It has been translated into tens of languages, spreading love to every corner of the world. Besides, an English version will be of great help to English learners as it will help improve our English.
The original price of the book is 64 yuan, but you can get one for 54.4 yuan at dangdang.com, which will save you 9.6 yuan. The book will be delivered to you within 24-48 hours after your payment.
To get more information, you can visit the website. Get one and enjoy it!
Best wishes.
Yours,
主要存在问题：
遗漏要点：24-48小时内送达
理解错误：款到付货
注意不同表达方式：
1．适合英语学习者
be good for English learners
be of benefit to English learners
be a great help to English learners
2． 款到付货
It won’t be delivered to you until paid for.
Pay money first and then the book will be delivered to your door.
The book will be delivered to you after your payment.
3． 定价64元 当当价54.5元 节省9.60元
It costs only 54.4 yuan on line, which is 9.6 yuan cheaper than the original price.
It costs only 54.4 yuan on line and can save you as much as 9.60 yuan.
Dangdang.com offers 15% discount, meaning you only have to pay 54.5 yuan.
It allows 15% discount off the original price.
4． 这是能激励所有年龄层次读者的书
It’s an inspiring book intended for all ages.
The book will inspire readers of all ages.
书面表达训练 （应用文）（十）
假如你叫王平，根据图表提示，给你的加拿大网友Smith 写一封信，介绍你的寒假生活（共20天），可根据自己的实际情况添加细节。
注意：1．词数：100左右； 2．开头已经给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Smith,
How are you? How time flies! Now the winter vacation was over and I have come back to school again.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
书面表达训练 （应用文）（十）
假如你叫王平，根据图表提示，给你的加拿大网友Smith 写一封信，介绍你的寒假生活（共20天），可根据自己的实际情况添加细节。
注意：1．词数：100左右； 2．开头已经给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Smith,
How are you? How time flies! Now the winter vacation was over and I have come back to school again.
We had 20 days in all for the holiday, during which we had the most important Chinese Festival—the Spring Festival. It took me about a week to visit my relatives and attend family parties, as it is a traditional custom in China. Of course, I spent most of the time doing my lessons. As you know, I will take the National Examination in June and there’s a short time ahead. Every day I did some English reading, practised writing compositions, worked out a number of maths problems and so on. When I got tired, I would do something to relax myself, like playing basketball with my friends, listening to music, surfing the Internet, playing games, and everything that helped to recover my energy.
In a word, I had a full, busy and wonderful holiday. How about you? I’m looking forward to hearing from you soon.
Yours,
Wang Ping
议论文突破
议论文突破
议论文是一种剖析事物、论述事理、发表见解或提出主张的说理性文章。议论文的目的不仅是客观的解释事物，还力图说服读者相信并接受某一观点。英语议论文不完全等同于汉语的议论文，它涉及的范围要小得多。有人把英语中的议论文旧理解为论证文、推理文或辩论文，还有人直接将议论文归入到了说明文当中。但笔者认为就写作目的与写作手法而言，英语议论文与英语说明文还是有一定的区别的。首先，英语说明文主要是对提出的主题进行“说明”和“阐述”，并不进行正反评判和推理，也不强迫读者接受作者的观点；而英语议论文主要是就某一主题，在摆出正反两方面观点的基础上，通过论证、推理辩论等手段，试图让读者最终接受作者对这一主题的某种观点。尽管有时也不一定非常明确的交待正反观点，但力图通过推理让读者赞同自己的观点始终是英语议论文的主要目的。
议论文的应用范围很广，除了学术论文外，社论、评论、杂文，随感等都属议论文的范畴。
不管是在汉语中，还是在英语中，议论文都是由论点（作者的观点，也就是被证明的对象、论据（用来证明论点的依据，是说明论点的理由和材料）和论证（运用论据证明论点的过程与方法），这三个要素构成的，这也是一个提出问题——分析问题——解决问题的过程。因此，典型的议论文一般就由序论（提出问题，即what）、本论（分析问题，即why）和结论（解决问题，即how）三个部分构成，其具体的结构模式又有以下三种：
模式一：引言段（提出观点）——正方论点心（支持作者的观点的较弱论点）、正方论点2（支持作者的观点的较强论点）、正方论点3（支持作者观点的最强论点）——结论段（总结+解决方法，论断或建议）
在这种模式中，文章主体段（中间部分）的每一个部分论述一个论点，这些论点以其重要性按序排列，最有力、最重要的论点在最后面，以示强调。
模式二：引言段（提出观点）——反面意见（反方观点+作者的反驳）、正方论点1（支持作者观点的较弱论点）、正方论点2（支持作者观点的较强论点）、正方论点3（支持作者观点的最强论点）——结论段（总结+解决方法，论断或建议）
在这种模式中，文章立体段的一开始就提出对立方的反面意见及作者对这种意见的反驳，以后各部分仍分别陈述作者的不同论点。
模式三：引言段（提出观点）——反方观点1+进行反驳的正方论点、反方观点2+进行反驳的正方论点、反方观点3+进行反驳的正方论点——结论段（总结+解决方法，论断或建议）
在这种模式中，作者在文章主体段的每一部分都先提出一个反面观点，然后再进行反驳。
议论文有自己的语言个性，它不同于记叙文的生动形象，也不同于说明文的简明易懂。议论是对具体事物、事理作出的理论上分析与阐述，因此，它的语言自然客观的、抽象的、概括的。同时，它的语言也很准确，合乎逻辑。文中会较多地使用，诸如since（既然），now that（既然），therefore（因而），in that case（在那种情况下），so（所以），It follows that…（因而…），If…，we may conclude that …（如果……，我们可以这样下结论……），Should it be the case （如果是这样的话……），Idon’t want to…,but…（我并不想……），It is true that…,but…（诚然……但是……）,Even if …（即使……）等有辩论和推理含义的连接和过渡词语与结构，以增强语言的准确性和逻辑性。此外，作者的写作态度一般也较诚恳，在文章中通常使用的是与读者平等交流的语气，不会给人以居高临下、以势居人、逼人接受的感觉，在遣词造句方面多使用虚拟语气、让步状语从句和can, may, might, could, would, should等情态动词。
同学们在解答议论文体的完形填空时，首先要读懂第一节，尤其是文章的第一句话，
这样就可以迅速找到文章所要论证的观点，进而理解全文的主旨大意。其次要恶心体会，作者谋篇布局的方法，了解各个段落的功能，感受作者论证的过程。最后再循着作者的思路重读全文，推敲各空答案。
请看下面的例题：
（一）
Recently, a professor of philosophy(哲学) in the United States has written a book called Money and the Meaning of Life. He has 1._____ that how we deal with money in our day to day life has more meaning than we usually 2._____. One of the exercises he has asked his students to do is to keep a 3_____ of every penny they spend for a week. From the 4._____ they spend their money, they can see what they really 5._____ in life.
The professor says our 6._____ with others often becomes clearly defined(明确) when money enters the picture. You 7._____ have wonderful friendship with somebody and you think that you are very good friends. But you will know him only when you ask him to lend you some 8._____. If he does, it brings something to the relationship that seems 9._____ than ever before. 10._____it can suddenly weaken the relationship if he doesn’t.
Since money is so important to us, we consider those who are 11._____ to be very important. The professor 12._____some rich people in researching his book.
Question: What is the most 13._____ thing you have discovered about being rich?
Answer: The most surprising thing is why people give me so much 14._____. I am nothing. I don’t know much. All I am is rich.
People just have an idea of making more and more money, but what is it 15._____? How much money do I need for any given 16._____ in my life? In his book, the professor uncovered an important 17._____ in modern society: to bring back the idea that the money is an instrument 18._____than the end. Money plays an important 19._____ in the material world, but 20._____ money to give happiness may be missing the meaning of life.
1.A.pointed B. studied C. discovered D. noticed
2.A.imagine B. think C. recognize D. plan
3.A.secrect B. diary C. promise D. record
4.A.way B. method C. opinion D. attitude
5.A.mean B. value C. get D. make
6.A.work B. friendship C. relation D. union
7.A.should B. must C. had to D. might
8.A.cars B. books C. rooms D. money
9.A.stronger B. weaker C. worse D. looser
10.A.But B. Otherwise C. And D. Then
11.A.rich B. poor C. helpful D. ordinary
12.A.saw B. interviewed C. questioned D. knew
13.A.puzzling B. disappointing C. surprising D. interesting
14.A.worry B. doubt C. hate D. respect
15.A.about B. against C. for D. at
16.A.achievemant B. result C. purpose D. success
17.A.need B. discovery C. lack D. event
18.A.better B. rather C. more D. less
19.A.action B. performance C. role D. trick
20.A.demanding B. hoping C. getting D. expecting
内容概要：本文阐述了金钱在生活中的意义和作用，文章认为钱只是一种工具而不应该是追求的目标。
答案简析：
1、选C。discover表示发现某一现象，在此较为合乎逻辑。第17空前的uncover一词对此也有启示作用。
2、选B。这里强调的是人们的普遍观点，故用think。
3、选D。keep a record 意为“记录……”，符合教授的意图。
4、选A。记下花钱的“方式”，有助于人们反思自己在生活中，实际上总是注重一些什么东西。
5、选B。value 意为“珍惜”、“重视”。
6、选C。relation（关系）是中性词，合乎这里的情境。
7、选D。might表示“也许”，在几个词中语气最弱，符合下一句所揭示的语境。
8、选D。由下文可知，这里指“借钱”。
9、选A。愿意借钱了，关系自然比以前更牢固。从下一句的weaken一词中也能得到启示。
10、选B。otherwise 意为“否则”或“反过来”，它表示对立关系，而but 表示“转折”关系，即不一定是相反的关系。该句表示借钱怎么样，不借钱怎么样，故用otherwise 更为合适。
11、选A。由“钱很重要”推断出“有钱人也很重要”，合乎逻辑。另下一句中也提到了rich people。
12、选B。interview 表示“拜访、采访”；question 表示提问，用在警察对普通人，老师对学生等场合较多。为了写书而对他人进行访谈，似乎用interview更好些。
13、选C。下一句重现了该词。
14、选D。由后面三句话不难推知，此处应为一个表示积极意义的态度。
15、选C。what for 表示原因，下文解释了这方面的原因。
16、选C。given purpose意思为设定好的目标，此句意为“要多少钱来实现一生中的那些目标呢”。
17、选A。冒号后就是“需求”的具体内容。
18、选B。rather than 意为“而不是”，the end 表示“目的”。
19、选C。根据意义和搭配选定。
20、选D。根据意义和搭配可以排除另三项。
（二）
I consider myself something of an expert on apologies. A quick temper(脾气) has 1._____ me with plenty of opportunities(机会) to make them. In one of my earliest 2._____, my mother is telling me, “Don’t watch the 3._____ when you say, ‘I’m sorry. Hold your head up and look the person in the 4._____, so he’ll know you 5._____ it.
My mother thus made the key point of a(n) 6._____ apology: it must be direct. You must never 7._____ to be doing something else. You do not 8._____ a pile of letters while apologizing to a person 9._____ in position after blaming him or her for a mistake that turned out to be your 10._____. You do not apologize to a hostess(女主人), whose guest of honor you treat 11._____, by sending flowers the next day without mentioning your bad 12._____.
One of the important things you should do for an 13._____ apology is readiness to 14._____ the responsibility(责任) for our careless mistakes. We are used to making excuses, which leaves no 15._____ for the other person to 16._____ us. Since most people are open-hearted, the no-excuse apology leaves both parties feeling 17._____ about themselves. That, after all, is the 18._____ of every apology. It 19._____ little whether the apologizer is wholly or only partly at fault: answering for one’s 20._____ encourages others to take their share of the blame.
1.A.provided B. mixed C. compared D. treated
2.A.dreams B. courses C. memories D. ideas
3.A.side B. ground C. wall D. bottom
4.A.mind B. soul C. face D. eye
5.A.imagine B. enjoy C. mean D. regret
6.A.useful B. successful C. equal D. basic
7.A.pretend B. forget C. refuse D. expect
8.A.hold on B. put away C. look through D. pick up
9.A.poorer B. weaker C. worse D. lower
10.A.fault B. reason C. result D. duty
11.A.cruelly B. freely C. roughly D. foolishly
12.A.manners B. excuses C. efforts D. roles
13.A.active B. effective C. extra D. easy
14.A.raise B. perform C. admit D. bear
15.A.situation B. need C. sign D. room
16.A.advise B. forgive C. warn D. blame
17.A.wiser B. warmer C. better D. cleverer
18.A.purpose B. method C. end D. advantage
19.A.cares B. matters C. depends D. remains
20.A.facts B. states C. rights D. actions
内容概要：本文阐述了一个观点，道歉要真诚，要敢于承担责任，同时也批评了一些“假”道歉的行为。
答案简析：
1、选A。provide … with意为“向……提供……”，这一说法颇具幽默色彩。
2、选C。紧接着的就是作者回忆出来的内容。
3、选B。与后面提到的“要抬起头”正好相反。
4、选D。道歉时看着对方的眼睛，以示真诚，在这一点上中西方是一样的。
5、选C。mean it意为“这样对方就会明白你有道歉的意思”。it在这里指道歉的行为。
6、选B。冒号后的内容即为“成功的”道歉的一些基本特征。
7、选A。根据常识选定。
8、选C。其他三个选项不合语境。
9、选D。职位一般论的是高、低。
10、选A。与前面的mistake同义。turn out意为“后来证明是”。
11、选C。roughly此处表示对待客人不礼貌，服务不到位。从前面的要不要道歉的讨论可以猜出这一答案。
12、选A。bad manners 意为不礼貌的行为，从treat roughly这一信息不难推测出这一答案。
13、选B。effective与successful有异曲同工之妙。
14、选D。bear the responsibility（承担责任），系习惯搭配。
15、选D。leave no room不留余地。
16、选B。经常找借口，那么也就会不留余地地给别人来“原谅”自己。
17、选C。better表示“心情更舒畅”。未找借口的道歉，即真诚的道歉，对方的感觉一定很好。
18、选A。道歉的最终“目的”是化干戈为玉帛，大家和好如初，所以用purpose。 end表示“目的”时用复数较多，而且不及purpose直接。
19、选B。道歉者是全部还是部分承担责任这些都不太重要：关键是为所作所为主动负责，这也能促使别人共同承担责任。 根据语境不难排除另三个选项。
20、选D。根据行文逻辑应该是对自己的“行动”负责。answer for在此意为“对……
负责”。
（三）
Are you carrying too much on your back at school? Lots of kids(孩子) at the same age as you are.
Not only are students in China 1_____ from this problem, but kids in the United States are 2____ fed up with（饱受……之苦） heavy school bags.
Experts are starting to 3_____ that more and more young students are having back and neck problems as a result of school bags 4_____ too heavy for them.
“It’s hard for me to get up the 5_____ with my bag because it’s so heavy,” said Rich Hammond, 6_____11-year-old student in the US.
Rick is among the students who have 7_____ backpacks（背包）with two straps(带子) to carry them, 8____ a number of other students choose rolling backpacks.
But even with rolling backpacks, 9____ up stairs and buses with them is 10____ a problem for kids. Many of them have hurt their knees, backs or necks because of heavy school bags.
But how much is too 11_____? Experts say students should carry 12____ more than 10 to 15 per cent of their own body weight.
Scott Bautch, a Wisconsin 13_____doctor, said kids under 4th grade should 14____with 10 per cent. But it’s also important that older kids don’t go 15____ 15 percent, because their bones are still growing.
Bautch explained that there are other injuries caused by backpacks. “Kids are 16_____ their balance and falling down with these backpacks,” he said.
Parents and teachers are starting to tell the kids to only take 17_____ library books they will be reading that night. Some teachers are using worksheets(作业纸) or 18_____ workbooks for students to take home.
One of the best answers is, as some 19_____ themselves suggested, to have no homework 20_____!
1.A.meeting B. facing C. experiencing D. suffering
2.A.already B. always C. yet D. also
3.A.explain B. say C. worry D. announce
4.A.being B. be C. are D. is
5.A.schools B. stairs C. houses D. homes
6.A.this B. that C. a D. an
7.A.special B. unusual C. ordinary D. regular
8.A.when B. then C. but D. and
9.A.getting B. climbing C. going D. turning
10.A.only B. still C. even D. just
11.A.more B. very C. much D. many
12.A.no B. not C. any D. much
13.A.children B. student C. bag D. back
14.A.carry B. stay C. take D. bring
15.A.about B. under C. beyond D. before
16.A.keeping B. missing C. losing D. making
17.A.home B. class C. school D. city
18.A.valuable B. thin C. important D. interesting
19.A.reports B. teachers C. parents D. kids
20.A.at all B. after all C. in all D. for all
内容概要：本文论述了沉重的书包对孩子身体所带来的危害，文章最后借用孩子的口吻发出了呼唤——取消家庭作业。
答案简析：
1、选D。由后面的also fed up with（也饱受……之苦）选定。
2、选D。not only…but also系习惯搭配。
3、选C。学生负担重，是一个人人皆知的现象，无需专家指出，故排除A、B、D三个选项。
4、选A。of后是一个介词短语，故选非谓语动词being。
5、选B。由副词up可排除另三个选项。
6、选D。此处表示泛指，故用不定冠词，又由于eleven以元音开头，所以选择an。
7、选D。这里的regular等于usual，意为“正常的、通常的”，背着书包上学，确实应视为“正常”现象。
8、选C。使用带滚轮的书包是有悖于背书包上学这一正常现象的，前后意义在此形成转折。
9、选A。上文已呈现过这一说法，此外，另三个选项不能与bus搭配。
10、选B。根据even选定。
11、选C。 由主语中的much推定。
12、选A。no more than意为“仅仅”。not more than意为“不超过”，须后接一个固定值，10 to 15表示的是一个区间，数值并不固定，故舍去D。
13、选D。通过排除法选定。儿科医生用baby doctor，所以A是不能选用的。
14、选B。stay表示“坚持，承受”。另三词后面不能用with。
15、选C。 beyond意为“超出”。前面已交待过学生背负的重量应在自身体重量的10%至15%之间，即不能“超出”15%。
16、选C。背着背包跌倒的原因就是身体“失去”平衡。
17、选A。第18空后再现了take home这一说法，此外，另三个词是名词，不能作状语，所以应舍去。
18、选B。这里讨论的是作业的量，而不是质，故选thin。
19、选D。全文谈的是学生学习负担沉重的事，因此，由themselves ，我们首先联想到的是kids。
20、选A。根据全文意义和与否定词经常连用的特点选定at all。
学了这么多年英语，到底怎样才叫英语好？
小学，中学，大学，到步入社会，
总会听到：哇！谁谁谁，你英语真好！！
那么问题来了，
到底怎样才算英语好呢？
四六级分数高？托福雅思高？能用英语交流？
说到英语学习，无外乎就是听、说、读、写。那我们从这几个方面谈谈怎样叫英语好：
听：听英文无压力，不费脑子，没有一种“在听英文听力”的赶脚。
说：主要脑力都被用在了“说什么”上面，而不是“怎么用英语翻译想说的内容”上。即，想到什么张口就说，同时意识层面很少出现“这个语法怎么才对/这个意思怎么用英语表达”之类的念头。
读：读报刊新闻的速度达到与英语为母语的人同一数量级的水平（然而事实是：人家5分钟读完，你花10分钟）。
写：能说就会写，或者能更“高级”地写，达到能在Quara/Reddit/Yahoo上与人流畅撕逼的程度。更高级的写作能力不做要求。
试问又要多少人能真正做到以上每一点呢~~~
判定英语好不好，并不是一定要量化到会听几个句子，会说几句话，或会写几篇文章，其实，在小编看来，对于大多数人来说，英语好就是：
1.能用好这门语言，让它带给你/并主动接受一个更好的思维方式与更广阔的天地；
2.能用好这门语言，为自己搭建更广阔的舞台，发出的声音让更多的人听见。
那么，如何学好英语？
匈牙利有一位叫卡莫．洛姆布的人说："我大致用了25年的时间学习了16种语言，10种达到能说的程度，另外6种达到能翻译专业书刊，阅读和欣赏文艺作品的程度。"并把自己漫游外语天地所获得的心得体会总结为以下十条：
1.学习外语一天也不能中断。倘若确实没有时间，哪怕每天挤出10分钟也行；早晨是学习外语的大好时光。
2.要是学厌了，不必过于勉强，但也不要扔下不学。这时可以改变一下学习方式；比如把书放到一边去听听广播，或暂时搁下课本的练习去翻翻词典等。
3.绝不要脱离上下文孤立地去死背硬记。单词应该来源于你阅读的材料，听力的音频。单词在句子中，在语境中才是有意义的。
4.应该随时地记下并背熟那些平日用得最多的"句套子"。
5.尽可能'心译'你接触到的东西，如一闪而过的广告，偶而听到的话语，这也是一种休息的方式。
6.只有经过教师修改的东西才值得牢记。
7.抄录和记忆句子和惯用语时要用单数第一人称，如"i am only pulling your leg"(我只是要戏弄你)
8.外语好比碉堡，必须同时从四面八方向它围攻：读报纸，听广播，看原文电影，听外语讲演，攻读课本，和外国朋友通讯，来往，交谈等等。
9.要敢于说话，不要怕出错误，要请别人纠正错误。尤为重要的当别人确实为你纠正错误时，不要难为情，不要泄气。
10.要坚信你一定能学好，要坚信自己有坚强不屈的毅力和语言方面的非凡才能。
科比宣布退役（双语）
导读:科比·布莱恩特帮助湖人队在NBA中拿下了五次冠军，在洛杉矶度过了20年的职业生涯。周日，他在球员论坛上宣布在赛季比赛后将退役的消息。他说：“这将是我的最后一个赛季。”
Kobe Bryant, who helped the Lakers win five NBA championships over a 20-year career spent entirely in Los Angeles, announced Sunday on The Players’ Tribune that he will retire after this season, declaring, "This season is all I have left to give."
科比.布莱恩特帮助湖人队在NBA中拿下了五次冠军，在洛杉矶度过了20年的职业生涯。周日，他在球员论坛上宣布在赛季比赛后将退役的消息。他说：“这将是我的最后一个赛季。”
In a piece titled "Dear Basketball," the 37-year-old wrote in the form of a poem that the sport "gave a six-year-old boy his Laker dream/And I’ll always love you for it."
在一篇名为“至我亲爱的篮球”的诗中，这位37岁的球员写道，“你让那个六岁的小男孩心怀湖人梦/我会永远爱你。”
From the moment
那一年
I started rolling my dad’s tube socks
我第一次穿上爸爸的筒袜
And shooting imaginary Game-winning shots
幻想着自己在场上赢球
In the Great Western Forum
幻想自己在西部论坛球馆
I knew one thing was real:
我知道
I fell in love with you.
我爱上了篮球
A love so deep I gave you my all —
我爱的如此深切
From my mind & body
无论思想，肉体
To my spirit & soul.
还是精神，灵魂
As a six-year-old boy
六岁的我
Deeply in love with you
已深深地爱上了篮球
I never saw the end of the tunnel.
我看不到尽头
I only saw myself
我只看到了自己
Running out of one.
竭尽全力
And so I ran.
努力奔跑
I ran up and down every court
我在球场上不断奔跑
After every loose ball for you.
争夺每一个篮板球
You asked for my hustle
你们想看到我努力拼搏
I gave you my heart
我便将赤心交于你们
Because it came with so much more.
这其中，想说的提多
I played through the sweat and hurt
我挥汗如雨，带伤征战
Not because challenge called me
不为挑战
But because YOU called me.
只为篮球
I did everything for YOU
我倾尽一切
Because that’s what you do
只为篮球
When someone makes you feel as
你让我感到充实
Alive as you’ve made me feel.
让我意识到自己还活着
You gave a six-year-old boy his Laker dream
你让那个六岁的小男孩心怀湖人梦
And I’ll always love you for it.
我爱你爱的太多
But I can’t love you obsessively for much longer.
但是我不能再沉溺地爱下去了
This season is all I have left to give.
这将是我最后一个赛季
My heart can take the pounding
我的心仍在跳
My mind can handle the grind
我的意志仍然坚强
But my body knows it’s time to say goodbye.
但是我的身体告诉我，该告别了
And that’s OK.
好吧
I’m ready to let you go.I want you to know now
我该放手了，我想让你明白
So we both can savor every moment we have left together.
在剩余的时光中，我们尽情享受
The good and the bad.
好坏亦然
We have given each other
我们已经为对方
All that we have.
倾尽所有
And we both know, no matter what I do next
我们都知道，从今以后
I’ll always be that kid. With the rolled up socks
我还是那个小男孩，穿着筒袜
Garbage can in the corner
瞄准墙角的垃圾桶
:05 seconds on the clock
默念倒计时五秒
Ball in my hands.
球在我手中
5…4…3…2…1
5…4…3…2…1
Love you always,
永远爱着你，我的篮球
Kobe
科比
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