英语4级长篇阅读的技巧

　　英语长篇阅读往往是阅读的难点，那么英语4级长篇阅读的技巧到底有什么呢?

英语4级长篇阅读的技巧

　　1、并列、因果关系：

　　逻辑关系包含：并列、举例、因果、递进等等。而紧排在转折之后，相对在历年真题中较多出现的考查处，分别是：并列和因果。

　　常见表并列的词语：and, while(同时), meanwhile, also;

　　值得注意的是：两个句子之间用分号(;)隔开，也表并列。

　　常见表因果的词语：because, why, the reason, for, so, since, as a result等。

　　同样值得注意的是：当why引导一个问句时，考点出处往往是紧接着回答此问题的句子或相邻的几个罗列点或相连几段话的首句。

　　并列和因果都比较难以察觉，需要同学平时练习过程中就有意识地对这两种逻辑关系进行关注。

　　例2：(因果)American tourists, however, shouldn’t expect any relief soon. The dollar lost strength the way many marriages break up- slowly, and then all at once. And currencies don’t turn on a dime. So if you want to avoid the pain inflicted by the increasingly pathetic dollar, cancel that summer vacation to England and look to New England. There, the dollar is still treated with a little respect.

　　55. What is the author’s advice to Americans?

　　A. They treat the dollar with a little respect

　　B. They try to win in the weak-dollar gamble

　　C. They vacation at home rather than abroad

　　D. They treasure their marriages all the more.

　　【答案】C

　　【解析】面对美元贬值给美国人带来的民族自尊上的困扰，作者给美国人提出建议：如果想要避免困扰，最好取消去英国的旅行，转而前往新英格兰(美国的一个地区)旅行。换句话说，作者建议取消去国外的旅行，转而在国内旅行。

　　2、转折关系：

　　四六级大纲在阅读理解部分都指出：测试学生通过阅读获取书面信息的.能力。因此，为了有针对性的考查大家对书面信息的获取能力，经过对历年真题的归纳总结发现，四六级考点出处有一定特征。其中第一大特征就是在逻辑关系处出考题。常见转折关联词有：but, however, yet, nevertheless, while(然而), on the contrary等等。

　　例1：A few months ago, it wasn't unusual for 47-year-old Carla Toebe to spend 15 hours per day online. She'd wake up early, turn on her laptop and chat on Internet dating sites and instant-messaging programs - leaving her bed for only brief intervals. Her household bills piled up, along with the dishes and dirty laundry, but it took near-constant complaints from her four daughters before she realized she had a problem.(2010.6, cet4 )

　　51. What eventually made Carla Toebe realize she was spending too much time on the Internet?

　　A. The poorly managed state of her house.

　　B. The high financial costs adding up.

　　C. Fatigue resulting from lack of sleep.

　　D. Her daughter's repeated complaints.

　　【答案】D

　　【解析】本段主要描述了Carla Toebe因上网严重影响到生活，最后一句后半句通过转折指出，是她4个女儿的不停抱怨才让她最终意识到自己有了问题(had a problem)，而这一问题正是题干中提到的“spending too much time on the Internet”。

　　3、标点符号：

　　下面讲解阅读考点常考出处的最后一个特征：总有部分题目出自引人注目的 —— 标点符号处。在四六级阅读过程中，引人注目的标点符号，不得不关注的标点符号主要有两类：1. 引号;2. 小括号。

　　1. 引号

　　1)尤其是当引号表示着重强调时

　　如：

　　They are using fewer of the very deferential “women’s” forms, and even using the few strong forms that are know as “men’s” .

　　2)某人说的话，能够集中表达一个事实或观点时

　　如：

　　"If it's a loss [where] you're not getting to work, and family relationships are breaking down as a result, then it's too much." said Maressa Orzack, a Harvard University professor.

　　2. 小括号

　　小括号()中间加一个汉语注释，非常容易引起大家的注意。此处就不赘述。我们还是通过真题举例来看具体考察情况吧。

　　例4(引号)：Toebe also regularly visits a site where posters discuss Internet overuse. In August, when she first realized she had a problem, she posted a message on a Yahoo Internet addiction group with the subject line: "I have an Internet Addiction."(2010, 6, cet4)

　　8. In one of the messages she posted on a website, Toebe admitted that she ______.

　　【答案】had an Internet Addiction

　　【解析】首先分析结构可知，本空所填内容是充当that宾语从句的谓语，主句的admitted表明谓语应用过去时。原文提到Toebe在雅虎的一个上网成瘾群里发了一条消息，引号中的内容为这条小的的主题：“我有网瘾”。由此可知，Toebe承认自己“上网成瘾”。故答案根据时态要求进行修改为：had an Internet Addiction.

　　4、特殊标记：

　　细心的同学会在以前的四六级大纲中发现，快速阅读部分写到：“要求考生运用略读和查读的技能从篇章中获取信息。“考核学生利用各种提示，快速查找特定信息的能力。这些提示包括文中的以下信息：

　　1. 数字

　　2. 大写单词

　　3. 段首或句首词等

　　很显然，这一条不仅适用于快速阅读，也适用于仔细阅读。

　　例3：Richard Got professor of astrophysics at Princeton, hopes man will set up a self-sufficient colony on Mars, which would be a “life insurance policy against whatever catastrophes, natural or otherwise, might occur on Earth. (2008.6, cet6)

　　66. According to Princeton professor Richard Gott, by setting up a self-sufficient colony on Mars, Humans_____.

　　A. might survive all catastrophes on earth

　　B. might acquire ample natural resources

　　C. will be able to travel to Mars freely

　　D. will move there to live a better life

　　【答案】A

　　【解析】题干中setting up a self-sufficient colony on Mars可在原文中直接找到，原文中which引导的定语从句表示的内容就是setting up a self-sufficient colony on Mars所带来的影响：人类能够应对地球上各种各样的灾难从而幸存下来。A选项中的survive all catastrophes on earth 是对原文的同义转述。

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