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2024中考英语完形填空重难点与高频词汇
完形填空通常是同学们较难把握的题型之一,失分率较高。下面是小编为大家搜索整理的关于完形填空重难点与高频词汇,欢迎参考练习,希望对大家备考有所帮助!
重点在哪?
1、词汇
完形填空考查的词汇以实词为主——名词、动词、形容词和副词等,比重极大,且有逐年增加的趋势。词汇考查当然也包括短语及一些固定搭配。从近几年北京中考的完形填空中可以看出, 完形填空的考查重理解、轻语法,这也是适应英语学习注重实际应用的要求,所以词汇部分是北京中考英语完形填空考查的重中之重。
2、逻辑
考查对篇章的整体理解、上下文段落的衔接、逻辑思维与判断推理能力。增加了考查连词的题,涉及考生对于行文逻辑的掌握及文句之间关联的理解。选项所在的句子与上下文构成并列、选择、转折、指代、列举、因果、比较、对比、让步、递进等逻辑关系,这些逻辑关系是得出正确答案的重要线索。 常见的表示并列关系的and, 选择关系的or,转折关系的but, however, yet, instead, while,指代关系的do, so, one, ones, this, that, those, he, it, they,等等,它们表明了句子之间的关系,帮助我们选出正确的选项。
3、情感
考查同学们把握作者情感的能力,要从作者的角度想问题,从文章整体把握情感脉络,真正理解了作者所想,才会提高做题的正确率。
难点在哪?
1、熟词生义
顾名思义,熟词生义指的是考查熟悉单词的陌生含义。比如2012年北京中考英语完形填空考查了tie这个词,大家都知道tie名词有“领带、联系”的意思,动词是“系、捆绑”的意思,而12年却考了“打成平局”这一生僻含义。再如2014年西城一模考了voice这个词,voice常见的意思是“嗓音”,而考试中却考查了它的动词词义“说出、表达”。还有2015年海淀一模考查了picture这个词,乍一看非常简单,名词是“图画、照片”的意思,但是这么简单的意思肯定不会考,真正考查的是它“想象、描绘”之意。从以上例子中可以看出,同学们平时在背单词时,必须要把一个单词的多种词性和词义都要记牢才行。
2、词义与词形的辨析
主要集中在对实词的考察。选项之间构成同义词、反义词或形近词的关系。有时也借助选项,考查同学们对某些单词词义的精确理解。词义的辨析通常都要通过上下文语义的联系才能得出正确答案,此外对文章主题的把握也是关键。
高频词汇:
动词类
1、看”
look看的动作/ see看的结果;watch观察;observe为了研究进行的观察;notice注意;catch sight of看见;stare好奇地看; glare瞪着看;Glance瞅见;glimpse瞥见 see a film;watch TV
2、“说”
telll sth to sb.=tell sb sth告诉的内容; talk with sb about sth强调说话者之间的交流; say sth诉说的内容;speak in English说的语言 whisper sth to sb 耳语;Inform sb of sth 通知某人某事;reason /talk/persuade sb into doing sth 说服某人做某事;Bargain讨价还价;chat聊天;repeat重复;explain解释;warn警告; remind提醒; discuss 讨论;debate辩论;figure指出;declare宣布;claim自称;mention 提起;admit承认;deny 否绝;describe描述; announce公布; introduce介绍;complain抱怨
3、“叫”
cry哭叫;call叫;shout大喊;scream尖叫;moan呻吟;sigh叹气 quarrel大吵
4、“问”
ask 询问 interview 采访 express表达;question审问
5、“答”
answer回答;respond回应(用其他方式回应);reply回复
6、 “听”
listen to听的动作;hear听的结果;pick up收听;overhear无意听到
7、“写”
dictate听写;write sth 写 describe描写;drop a line 写信 draw画
take down/write down写下,记下
8、“拿/放”
take拿走;bring拿来;hold举着;carry扛,挑 (无方向性) fetch拿来拿去;lift举;Put放 lay 铺/放置;pull拉/push推
9、“抓”
take hold of 抓着 seize紧抓;grasp 握住;scratch 抠
10、“打”
hit一次性的打击;beat不间断的打击;strike突然的击打/突然想到;blow吹刮;attack攻击
11、“扔”
throw扔;drop掉 放弃 错过;fall 倒下无意掉下来;wave 招手;shake摇
12 、“送”
send寄送; deliver递送;give给;offer 主动给予;see off给某人送行
13、“摸/抱”
touch摸 ;fold折叠;embrace拥抱;hug抱;hold 握
14、“踢/碰”
kick踢;knock敲;tip 轻敲
15、“行”
walk走; run跑; climb爬; jump跳; skip 单腿跳; slip溜; come/go enter进入; move搬迁; drive开车; ride 骑;fly 飞 ; crawl 匍匐前进
16、“坐”
sit down / be seated /seat oneself 坐下; take a seat/ stand站,耸立/ lean斜靠
17、“睡/休息”
lie /on one’s back/ on one side/ on one’s stomach stay in bed have a rest
take a nap打盹 be asleep bend turn over翻身 rest
18、“笑”
smile 微笑(不出声); laugh /burst into laughter / burst out laughing 笑
19、“哭”
cry / burst into tears /burst out crying
shed tears 留泪; weep呜咽地哭; sob抽泣;
20、“找/查”
find找到; look for正在找过程; find out查明; discover/explore 发现/探索;hunt for / search for / seek / seek for / in search of寻找;Search sb 搜身 ; search sp. for sth 为某物而搜寻某地;Check检查,核实 ; examine 考察发现问题/体检; test检测,检验; inspect视察
21、“穿”
put on 动作; wear穿戴; have on试穿; be dressed in 穿的状态; make-up化装; get changed换衣服; be in red;身穿红衣服 take off 脱; remove 去除
22、“吃/喝”
eat/drink; sip吮吸; have a meal 吃饭;have supper吃晚饭; toast 喝酒;taste treat sb to请某人吃;help oneself to 随便吃
23、“得”
get / obtain/ acquire获得知识和技能;gain/possess
24、“失”
lose 丢了; be lost /be missing人错过失踪,不见; gone不见(物;) get lost走丢; die off相继死去; die away 逐渐消失
25、“有”
have 有; own是自己的 ; conquer征服; occupy占有=possess
26“无”
nothing left; the remaining thing;disappear; be missing /gone丢了,不见了
27、“增/减”
rise / go up /drop ; 人主动抬价 raise /bring down /reduce increase/decrease
28、“买/卖”
buy /purchase / afford / pay / pay off/ pay for / sell / on sale / bargain
Bill / cheque / cash/ credit card notes/ coins discounts
29、“存在/消失”
come into being / exist / appear / survive / live / show / turn up
disappear / die / die out / pass away / be out of sight
30、“变化”
develop / improve / become / grow / go+ bad /wrong/ sour /without( negative adj.)
turn + colour
change /change into
reform
31、认识的过程
feel sense guess suppose wonder doubt know /learn realize
Understand remember be familiar with recall recite apply to
32、喜/恶
like love be fond of be keen on be crazy about adore be into prefer enjoy in favor of Dislike hate be awful/disgusting ignore turn off
33、判断
think believe consider find feel conclude infer doubt
34、到达
arrive at reach return to get to stay in sp visit leave leave for
on one’s way to upon one’s arrival on doing sth
35、受伤
hurt injured wound cut kill drown bleed get burnt suffer from suffer a loss
36、损坏
damage destroy ruin break down be broken crash
37、修复
repair rebuild restore fix recover oneself
38、支持/反对
agree disagree accept receive refuse turn down
be against elect vote for/ against
39、做饭
cook wash cut chop boil fry steam make mix clean brush cover uncover cooker
40、建议
advise suggest recommend urge propose demand persuade 说服
41、花费
sth/doing sth+cost sb+spend+ in doing sth Sb+afford +n/to do sth
It +take some time/ money/energy +to do sth sb+ pay+$ for sth. at one’s expense
42、省/存钱
save /save up set aside put away spare no effort/ time
43、参加
take part in join /join in attend compete in/ for/against
44、控告
accuse sb. of charge sb. With
45 、救治
help /help out save /rescue sb from sth. Treat过程 / cure 结果sb. Of sth
Aid sb in doing sth / to do sth help sb with sth assist sb in doing sth
名词类
1、假期
vacation holiday spring break ask for leave be on holiday have two days off
2、旅游
trip journey tour voyage travel tourist passenger go camping/picnicking/hiking
3、职务人员
clerk secretary passer-by friend minister manager waitress guest host hostess
Assistant customer adult neighbor relative patient /vet staff crew nurse teacher
Conductor tailor sailor inventor gardener guard
4、餐馆/定餐/就餐
inn旅店 restaurant kitchen menu bill order tip fork and knife reserve /book table Taste delicious salad dash vegetables fruit tray 茶盘 napkin
5、诊所/看病/服药
clinic hospital take ones temperature take medicine/pills have a fever/flu/headache doctor physician surgeon specialist patient
6、车站/机场
airport on board miss the train/bus catch a train meet sb.
7、身体部位
arm head hair brain waist back shoulder pulse wrist
8、意志
will courage patience determination faith effort confidence ambition energy
9、才能/品质
talent gift ability potential intelligent promising smart stupid careful proud
Strict honest cold serious easy-going learned knowledgeable
10、优缺点
advantage disadvantage strength weakness
11、目标 aim goal intention purpose belief faith
12、方式 means method way manner approach
13、身体素质 strong weak pale sick ill be well keep slim/ fit cut weight/put on weight
14、图表 photo picture graph drawing table line/bar graph pie chart draw a sketch 划草图
15、文章 reading translation essay poem paper novel/fiction article magazine newspaper journal 日志 diary日记 Files form make a list of
16、课堂 class course lecture example reason message notes words phrase scholarship degree Subject question trouble difficulty grades read comment marks
17 、学校活动 match game activity hold a meeting /debate /speech/ ceremony
18、 建议/观点 advice suggestion idea proposal view recommandation
19 、气候/天气 climate weather storm windy cloudy rainy snow hot/cold/freezing/heat/warmth
20 、交通 by train/bus /boat bike on the train/bus /a bike drive a car ride a bike give sb. a lift/ride
21 、习惯 habit custom get used to regular有规律的(形容词) practice惯例(名词)
22 、感觉 sight hearing touch smell sense
23、 情感 feeling emotion anger delight sadness sorrow
24 、财富 money possessions wealth belongings fortunes treasure diamond be rich/well-off
25 、运动比赛 on the playground on the track and filed pitch event game match sports player Coach judge jogging weightlifting play volleyball/soccer/
26 、衣服 clothes, cloth, clothing clothes统指各种衣服,谓语动词永远是复数, cloth指布,为不可数名词 clothing 服装的总称,指一件衣服用a piece of, an article of
27、事件 incident, accident incident指小事件, accident指不幸的事故
中考英语完形填空重点的词组:
(一)由be构成词组:
1)be back/in/out 回来/家/外出
2)be at home/work 家/上班
3)be good at 善于擅长于
4)be careful of 当心注意仔细
5)be covered with 被……复盖
6)be ready for ……作好准备
7)be surprised (at) 对……感惊讶
8)be interested in 对……感举
9)be born 出生
10)be on 进行上演(灯)亮着
11)be able to do sth. 能够做……
12)be afraid of (to do sth. that…) 害怕……(敢做……恐怕……)
13)be angry with sb. 生(某人)气
14)be pleased (with) 对……感高兴(满意)
15)be famous for ……而著名
16)be strict in (with) (对工作、对人)严格要求
17)be from 来自……地方人
18)be hungry/thirsty/tired 饿了/渴了/累了
19)be worried 担忧
20)be (well) worth doing (非常)值得做……
21)be covered with 被……所覆盖……
22)be in (great) need of ()需要
23)be in trouble 处于困境
24)be glad to do sth. 高兴做……
25)be late for ……迟
26)be made of (from) 由……制成
27)be satisfied with 对……感满意
28)be free 空闲有空
29)be (ill) in bed 卧病床
30)be busy doing (with) 忙于做……(忙于……)
由come、do、get、give、go、have、help、keep、make、look、put、set、send、take、turn、play等动词构成词组
1)come back 回来
2)come down 下来
3)come in 进入进来
4)come on 快走吧跟我来
5)come out出来
6)come out of 从……出来
7)come up 上来
8)come from 来自……
9)do ones lessons/homework 做功课/回家作业
10)do more speaking/reading 多做口头练习/朗读
11)do ones best 尽力
12)do some shopping (cooking reading,cleaning)买东西(做饭菜读点书大扫除)
13)do a good deed (good deeds)做件好事(做好事)
14)do morning exercises 做早操
15)do eye exercises 做眼保健操
16)do well in ……某方面干得好
17)get up 起身
18)get everything ready 把切都准备好
19)get ready for (=be ready for) ……作好准备
20)get on (well) with 与……相处(融洽)
21)get back 返回
22)get rid of 除掉去除
23)get in 进入收集
24)get on/off 上/下车
25)get to 达
26)get there 达里
27)give sb. a call 给……打电
28)give a talk 作报告
29)give a lecture (a piano concert)作讲座(举行钢琴音乐会)
30)give back 归还送回
31)give……some advice on 给……些忠告
32)give lessons to 给……上课
33)give in 屈服
34)give up 放弃
35)give sb. a chance 给……次机会
36)give a message to…… 给……口信
37)go ahead 先走向前走去吧干吧
38)go to the cinema 看电影
39)go to bed 睡觉(make the bed 整理床铺)
40)go to school (college) 上学(上大学)
41)go to (the) hospital 去医院看病
42)go over 过遍复习/ go over to 朝……走去
43)go fishing/skating/swimming/shopping 去钩鱼/滑冰/游泳/买东西
44)go home (there) 回家去(去儿)
45)go round 顺便去绕道走
46)go up 上去
47)go out for a walk 外出散步
48)go on (doing) 继续(做……)
49)go on with ones work 继续某人工作
50)go upstairs/downstairs 上/下楼
51)(the lights) go out (灯)熄了
52)have a lesson (lessons)/a meeting 上课/开会
53)have a football match (basketball match)举行场足球(蓝球)赛
54)have dictation 听见
55)have a try 试试
56)have a good/wonderful time 玩得高兴
57)have a lecture (a piano concert) 听讲座(听钢琴音乐会)
58)have a report (talk) on 听关于……报告
59)have a glass of water (a cup of tea) 喝杯水(杯茶)
60)have breakfast/lunch/supper 吃早饭/午饭/晚饭
61)have a meal (three meals) 吃顿饭(三餐饭)
62)have a dinner 吃正餐
63)have bread and milk for breakfast 早饭吃面包和牛奶
64)have (have got) a headache 头痛
65)have a fever 发烧
66)have a cough (a cold) 咳嗽(感冒)
67)have a look (at) 看看……
68)have a rest (a break) 休息会儿(工间或课间休息)
69)have a talk 谈
70)have a swim/walk 游泳/散步
71)have sports 进行体育锻炼
72)have a sports meet (meeting) 开运动会
73)have something done 让人(请人)做……
74)have a test/an exam 测验/考试
75)have an idea 有了主意
76)had better do sth. (not do sth.) 好做……(好要做……)
77)have a word with 与……谈几句
78)help sb. with sth. help sb. do sth. ……方面帮助…… 帮助……做
79)help oneself to some chicken/fish/meat 请随便吃点鸡/鱼/肉
80)help each other 互相帮助
81)keep up with 跟上……落于……
82)keep silent/quiet 保持沉默/安静
83)keep sb. doing sth. 使……直做……
84)keep ones diary 记日记
85)make a noise (a lot of noise, muchnoise, noises)吵闹(十分嘈杂响声)
86)make a living 谋生
87)make sb. do sth. 迫使某人做……
88)make faces (a face)做鬼脸
89)make friends (with)与……交朋友
90)make a mistake (mistakes)犯错误
91)make room/space for 给……腾出地方
92)make a sentence (sentences)with 用……造句
93)make a fire 生火
94)be made from/of 由……制成
95)be made in ……地方制造
96)look out of (outside) 往外看(看外面)
97)look up a word (in the dictionary) 查字典
98)look up 往上看仰望
99)look after 照管照看照顾
100)look for 寻找
101)look like 看上去像
102)look fine/well/tired/worried 看起来气色好/健康/疲劳/忧虑
103)look out 当心小心
104)look on …as… 把……当作……看待
105)look around 朝四周看
106)look at 看着……
107)put on 穿上(衣服)戴上(帽子)上演(戏剧)
108)put up 建造搭起挂起举起张帖
109)put into 使进入输入
110)put ones heart into 全神贯注于
111)put…down… 把……放下
112)put…into… 把……译成
113)set up 竖起建起
114)set off 出发动身
115)set out 出发
116)set an example for ……树立榜样
117)send for 派人去请(叫)
118)send out 放出发出
119)end up 把……往上送发射
120)take ones advice 听从某人劝告
121)take out 拿出取出
122)take down 拿下
123)take place 发生
124)take ones place 坐……座位代替某人职务
125)take the place of 代替……
126)take a walk/rest 散步/休息
127)take it easy 别紧张
128)take sth.with sb. 随身带着
129)take sb. to a park/London for onesholidays 带某人去公园/伦敦度假
130)take care of 关心照顾保管
131)take a look (a last look) at 看看(看眼)
132)take an exam 参加考试
133)take away 拿走
134)take back 收回带回
135)take hold of 抓住……
136)take off 脱下(衣帽鞋等)拿掉
137)take (an active) part in (积极)参加(活动)
138)take photos 拍照
139)take some medicine 服药
140)take a bus/train, boat/ 乘公共汽车火车/船
141)turn on 开旋开(电灯收音机等)
142)turn off 关上(电灯收音机等)
143)turn in 交出上交
144)turn…into… 变成
145)turn to 翻转向
146)turn down (把音量)调低
147)turn…over 把……翻过来
148)play basketball 打篮球football 踢足球volleyball 打排球
149)play games 做游戏
150)play the piano (the violin) 弹钢琴(拉小提琴)
151)play with snow 玩雪
152)play a joke (on) 对……开玩笑
由其动词构成词组
153)think over 仔细考虑
154)arrive at/in a place 达某处
155)eat up 吃完吃光
156)do well in ……干得好
157)enjoy doing sth. like doing sth. 喜欢做某事 喜欢干某事
158)find out 发现查出(真相等)
159)finish off 吃完喝完
160)stop doing sth. 停止做某事
161)stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事
162)hold a meting 举行会议
163)hold up 举起
164)hurry up 赶快快点
165)enter for 报名参加
166) laugh at 嘲笑
167)be used to 习惯于
168)used to 过去常常
169)wake…up 唤醒
170)work out 算出
二、动词短语、介词短语和其词组
1)ask for 向……要……请求
2)ask for leave 请假
3)send for 派人去请(叫)
4)pay for 付……款
5)wait for 等候
6)thank for ……感谢
7)apologize to sb. for sth. 某事向某人道歉
8)look for 寻找
9)leave…for 离开……去……
10)fall off 跌落
11)catch cold 着凉伤风
12)catch up with 赶上
13)agree with sb. 赞成同意某人意见
14)filled……with 把……装满
15)tell sb. about sth. 告诉某人某事
16)talk about 谈论……
17)think about 考虑……
18)worry about 担忧……
19)look after 照料
20)run after 追赶跟面跑
21)read after 跟……读
22)smile at 对……微笑
23)knock at 敲(门、窗)
24)shout at 对……大喊(嚷)
25)throw away 扔掉
26)work hard at 努力做……
27)wait in line 排队等候
28)change…into… 变成
29)hurry into…匆忙进入
30)run into…跑进
31)hear of 听说
32)think of 认考虑
33)catch hold of 抓住
34)instead of 代替……
35)hand in 交上来
36)stay in bed 卧病床
37)hear from 收……来信
38)at once 立刻
39)at last
40)at first 起先首先
41)at the age of… ……岁时
42)at the end of… ……之末
43)at the beginning of… ……之初
44)at the foot of… ……脚下
45)at the same time 同时
46)at night/noon 夜里/午
47)with ones help 某人帮助下由于某人帮助
48)with the help of … ……帮助下
49)with a smile 面带笑容
50)with ones own eyes 亲眼看见
51)after a while 过了会儿
52)from now on 从现起
53)from then on 从时起
54)far example 例
55)far away from 远离
56)from morning till night 从早晚
57)by and by 久
58)by air mail 寄航空邮件
59)by ordinary mail 寄平信
60)by the way 顺便说
61)by the window 窗边
62)by the end of… ……底止
63)little by little 逐渐地
64)in all 总共
65)in fact 事实上
66)in ones twenties 某人二十几岁时
67)in a hurry 匆忙
68)in the middle of ……间
69)in no time (in a minute) 立刻快
70)in time (on time) 及时
71)in public 公众公开地
72)in order to 了……
73)in front of ……前面
74)in the sun 阳光下
75)in the end 终于
76)in surprise 惊奇地
77)in turn 依次
78)of course 当
79)a bit (of) 有点儿
80)a lot of 许多
81)on ones way to 某人去……路上
82)on foot 步行走路
83)a talk on space 关于太空报告
84)on the other hand 另方面
85)at/on the weekend 周末
86)on the left (right) 左(右)边
87)on the other side of ……另边
88)on the radio 通过收音机(无线电广播)
89)to ones joy 使……高兴
90)to ones surprise 使……惊讶
三、量词词组和其词组
(一)量词词组
1)a bit 点儿
2)a few (of) 些(数)几……
3)a little 些(数)
4)a lot of (lots of) 许多
5)a piece of 张(片块)
6)a cup of 茶怀
7)a glass of 玻璃杯
8)a pile of (piles and piles of) 堆(堆堆)……
9)a box of 盒
10)a copy of 份本
11)a bowl of 碗
12)a basket of 篮
13)a plate of 盘
14)a bottle of 瓶
15)a basin of 脸盆
16)a set of 套
17)a kind of 种
18)a type of 种类型
19)a great deal of 非常多大量(数名词)
20)a large (great) number of 非常多大量(数名词)
21)a great many 大量许多(数名词)
22)a different type of 种同型号
23)a group of 队组群
(二)其词组
1)all kinds of 各种各样
2)all over the world/the country 全世界/全国
3)all over 遍及每部分浑身
4)all ones life 生
5)one after another 顺次
6)the Childrens Palace 少年宫
7)day after day 日复日
8)up and down 上上下下
9)the day after tomorrow 天
10)the day before yesterday 前天
11)the last/past two years (or so) 近两年(左右)
12)the whole country/the whole world 全国/全世界
13)a moment ago 刚才
14)just now/then 刚才/时
15)half an hours walk 步行半小时路程
16)late on 过来
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