航海英文术语盘点
2016年5月10日，由英国布雷塔尼亚保赔协会(Britannia)举办的Britannia Superintendents' & Officers' Seminar在上海王宝和大酒店举行，鑫裕盛代表团一行人出席会议，现在让我们一起去温习有关于船舶安全所需要了解的那些英文专业术语。
Safety Systems - are they working?
安全系统 - 这些有用吗?
ISM covers all ships
ISM适用于所有船舶
ISM objectives
ISM目标
Ensure safety at sea:
确保海上安全：
-Prevention of injury of loss of life
防止人员伤亡
-Avoidance of damage to environment
避免损害环境
-Avoidance of damage to property
避免损害财产
Provide Safe Practices in shipboard operation
提供船上操作之安全实务
Identify the risks and provide safeguards
辨识可预见之风险并提供预防措施
Continuous improvement of safety management both ashore and at sea
持续不断改善岸上及船上安全管理制度
Key shipboard operations
船上主要操作项目
Not defined by ISM however our view is:
ISM虽未定义，但我们认为应包括下列各项：
-Working aloft 高空作业
-Working outboard 舷外作业
-Entry into enclosed spaces 进入封闭空间
-Tank cleaning 清洁液舱
-Lifeboat maintenance 救生艇保养
-Welding-hot work 焊接-明火作业
-Working with pressure equipment - air lines, gas bottles
工作时使用压力设备-空气管路、空气瓶
-Machinery maintenance 机械保养
-Using lifting gear 使用吊挂械具
-Any others?
Port state control - are you prepared?
港口国管制 - 你准备好了吗?
Concentrated inspection campaign (CIC)
重点检查活动(CIC)
CICs focus on specific areas where high levels of deficiencies have been encountered by PSCOs, or
CICs主要针对特殊项目检查，通常是那些被港口国管制官员(PSCOs)发现到的瑕疵比例较高的.项目，或者是
Where new convention requirements have recently entered into force
当最近有新的国际公约规定生效实施时
Paris MOU campaigns take place each year over a period of 3 months (September - November) and are combined with a regular inspection
巴黎备忘录活动每年定期举办一次为期三个月(9月到11月)的重点检查，与例行检查合并进行
Risk assessment - what is risk?
风险评估 - 风险是什么?
Hazard - a source of potential harm of damage or a situations with potential for harm or damage
潜在危害 - 可能有上海或损害之来源，或者是可能会造成伤害或损害之情况
Risk - the likelihood that a hazard may occur; AND the consequences of the hazardous event
风险 - 发生潜在危害的可能性;以及潜在危害事件导致的后果
Risk assessment - principles
风险评估 - 原则
Careful examination of operations
仔细检视作业内容
Identify risks
辨识风险
Put into place procedures to minimise the risk
建立程序以减少风险
Review effectiveness of controls
检讨风险控制措施是否有效
The aim is to minimise accidents and ill health.
主要目标在于减少意外以及有碍健康事故的发生
Process should be simple but MEANINGFUL
过程应保持简单但必须有意义
Continuous process - all persons involved
这是个持续的过程 - 所有人员都应参与
Must be reasonable and understood by all those conducting the work
这个过程必须合理，且应让从事相关作业的所有人员充分了解