常用临床医学英文术语
临床医学是研究疾病的'病因、诊断、治疗和预后,提高临床治疗水平,促进人体健康的科学。接下来小编为大家整理常用临床医学术语中英对照,希望对你有帮助。
diseases 疾病
acute diseases 急性病
advanced diseases 病沉重期，晚期疾病
chronic diseases慢性病
communicable diseases 传染病
complicating diseases 并发病
congenital diseases 先天性疾病
acquired diseases 后天性疾病
contagious diseases接触性传染病
endemic diseases 地方病
epidemic diseases 流行病
functional diseases 机能病、官能病
infectious diseases 传染病
inherited diseases 遗传病
malignant diseases恶性病
nutritional diseases 营养病
occupation diseases 职业病
organic diseases 器质性病
paroxysmal diseases 阵发性病
periodical diseases 周期病
primary(principal)diseases原发(主导)病
secondary diseases 继发病
sexual(venereal， social)diseases 性病
terminal diseases 绝症
wasting diseases 消耗性疾病chief complaint 主诉
clinical manifestation 临床表现
delivery history 分娩史
etiology病因学
family history 家族史
history， medical history 病史
precipitating(induced)诱因
marital status婚姻状况
menstrual history 月经史
menarche 初潮
menopause闭经
past history既往史
pathogenesis 发病机制
personal history 个人史symptoms 症状
cardinal symptom 主要症状
classical symptom 典型症状
concomitant symptom 伴发症状
constitutional(systemic) symptom 全身症状
indirect symptom 间接症状
induced symptom 诱发症状
local symptom 局部症状
mental symptom精神症状
symptom-complex (syndrome)symptom 综合症，症候群
signs体征
antecedent 前驱征
assident (accessory) 副征
commemorative 后遗症
sign of death 死征
diagnostic诊断征
sign of disease 病征
subjective 自觉征，主观征
vein sign静脉征vital sign 生命体征
body length (height of the body) 身高
body weight 体重
barrel chest 桶状胸
cachexia 恶病质
compulsive position 被动体位
critical facies 病危面容
emaciation 消瘦
enophthalmos 眼球下陷
entropion 睑内翻
exophthalmos 眼球突出
flushed face 面色潮红
gain (loss) in weight 增加(减轻)体重
lock-jaw 牙关紧闭
lordosis 脊柱前凸 医.学教育网整理
nasal ala flap 鼻翼扇动
nystagmus 眼震
obesity 肥胖
pallor 苍白
scolisis 脊柱侧凸
agitation 焦急不安
debility， weakness 虚弱
diaphoresis 出汗，大量出汗
dizziness， vertigo 眩晕
lassitude， fatigue 无力，倦怠
malaise 不适
night sweat 盗汗
numbness 麻木
rigor， chill 寒冷，发冷
perspiration， sweating 出汗
pruritus， itching 痒，
somasthenia 躯体无力
tingling 麻刺感abscess 脓肿
acidosis 酸中毒
adhesion 粘连
alkalosis 碱中毒
allergy 过敏
coagulation defect 凝血不良
congestion 充血
dehydration 脱水
distention 膨胀
edema 水肿
embolism 栓塞，栓塞形成
fluid and electrolyte imbalance 水电解质紊乱
gangrene 坏疽
hematoma 血肿
hemorrhage， bleeding 出血
infarction 梗塞，梗死
infection 传染
inflammation 炎症
ketoacidosis 酮酸中毒
metastasis 转移
perforation 穿孔
necrosis 坏死
shock 休克
response 反应，应答
reaction 反应，感应
thrombosis 血栓形成
ulceration 溃疡fever， pyrexia 发烧，发热
continuous fever 稽留热
intermittent fever 间歇热
low-grade fever 低热
remittent fever 驰张热
relapsing fever 回归热pain 痛
burning pain 灼痛
chest(flank，…) pain 胸(胁腹…)痛
cramp-like pain 痉挛性痛
dull， diffused pain 弥漫性钝痛
pleuritic pain 胸膜炎性痛
radiating pain (pain radiating to…) 放射性痛(放射到…疼痛)angina 绞痛
cardiac angina 心绞痛
backache 背痛
colic 绞痛，急腹痛
earache 耳痛
headache 头痛
neuralgia 神经痛
migraine 偏头痛
rebound tenderness 反跳痛
somatalgia 躯体痛
sore throat 咽喉痛
stomachache 胃痛
toothache 牙痛
bloody sputum 带血的痰
cough 咳嗽
dry cough 干咳
expectoration 咳痰
expectoration of blood 咳血
hemoptysis 咳血anoxia 缺氧
apnea 呼吸暂停，窒息
asthma 气喘，哮喘
Cheyne Stokes respiration 切-斯氏呼吸，潮式呼吸
dyspnea 呼吸困难
hyperpnea hyperventilation 过度呼吸，换气过度
hypopnea 呼吸不全， 呼吸浅表
hypoxia 低氧，缺氧
orthopnea 端坐呼吸
respiratory arrest 呼吸停止
suffocation 窒息
tachypnea 呼吸急促
fetid breath 口臭
fruity breath 呼吸有水果味arrhythmia 心律失常，心律不齐
atelectasis 肺不张，肺膨胀不全
cardiac arrest 心搏骤停
cardiac hypertrophy 心脏肥大
cyanosis 发绀，青紫
distension of jugular vein 颈静脉怒张
extrasystole 期外收缩
gallop rhythm 奔马律
hemopleura 血胸
hepatojugular reflux 肝颈静脉回流
hypovolemia (循环)血容量减少
palpitation 心悸
tachycardia 心动过速
pneumothorax 气胸
thrill 震颤
absent breath sounds 呼吸音消失
dull sound 浊音
hyperresonant 鼓音
rale 啰音
rhonchus， rhonchi 鼾音，干啰音
wheeze 哮鸣音anorexia， loss of appetite 食欲不振，厌食
dysphagia 吞咽困难
eructation 嗳气
belching 嗳气
flatulence 气胀
flatus 肠胃气，屁
gaseous distention 胃胀气
hematemesis 呕血
hiccough， hiccup 打呃，呃逆
nausea 恶心
pyrosis 胃灼热
regurgitation 反胃，回流
thirsty 口渴
vomiting 呕吐
anal fissure， crack in the anal canal 肛裂
ascites 腹水
board-like rigidity of the abdomen 板状腹
decreased tactile fremitus 触觉性震颤减弱
exophageal varices 食管静脉曲张
fistula 瘘，瘘管
hemorrhoid 痔
hernia 疝
hepatomegaly 肝肿大
intussusception 肠套叠
jaundice 黄疸
muscle guarding， defence of the abdominal wall 腹壁肌卫
peristalsis 蠕动
loss of peristalsis 蠕动消失
mass peristalsis 总蠕动