医学英语词汇归类总结
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1.医院部门及科室名称
out-patient department 门诊部
In-patient department 住院部
Nursing department 护理部
Admission office 住院处
Discharge office 出院处
Registration office 挂号处
Reception room, waiting room 侯诊室
Consultation room 诊察室
Isolation room 隔离室
Delivery room 分娩室
Emergency room 急诊室
Ward 病房室
Department of internal medicine 内科
Department of surgery 外科
Department of pediatrics 儿科
Department of obstetrics and gynecology 妇科
Department of neurology 神经科
Department of ophtalmology 眼科
E.N.T.department 耳鼻喉科
Department of stomatology 口腔科
Department of urology 泌尿科
Department of orthopedic 骨科
Department of traumatology 创伤科
Department of endocrinology 内分泌科
Department of anesthesiology 麻醉科
Department of dermatology 皮肤科
Department of infectious diseases 传染病科
Department of pathology 病理科
Department of psychiatry 精神科
Department of orthopacdic surgery 矫形外科
Department of cardiac surgery 心脏外科
Department of cerebral surgery 脑外科
Department of thoracic surgery 胸外科
Pharmacy dispensary 药房
Nutrition department 营养部
Diet-preparation department 配膳室
Therapeutic department 治疗室
Operating room/Theater 手术室
Blood-bank 血站 Supply-room 供应室
Disinfection-room 消毒室
Dressing room 换药室
Mortuary 太平间
Record room 病案室
Department of plastic surgery 矫形外科
Department of physiotherapy 理疗科
electrotherapy room 电疗科
heliotherapy room 光疗科
wax-therapy room 蜡疗科
hydrotherapy room 水疗科
central laboratory 中心实验室
clinical laboratory 临床实验室
bacteriological laboratory 细菌实验室
biochemical laboratory 生化实验室
serological laboratory 血清实验室
X-ray room X光室
doctor’s office 医生办公室
nurse’s office 护士办公室
2.医务人员名称
director of the hospital 院长
physician 内科医师
chief physician 主任医师
associate chief physician 副主任医师
attending doctor 主治医师
resident doctor 住院医师
intern doctor 实习医师
general practitioner 全科医师
specialist 专科医师
head of the nursing department 护理部主任
Head nurse 护士长
Student nurse 实习护士
E.N.T.doctor 耳鼻喉科医师
Ophthalmologist 眼科医师
Dentist 牙科医师
Orthopedist 骨科医师
Dermatologist 皮肤科医师
urologist surgeon 泌尿外科医师
neurosurgeon 神经外科医师
plastic surgeon 矫形外科医师
anaesthetist 麻醉科医师
Doctor for tuberculosis 结核科医师
Physiotherapist 理疗科
Doctor for infectious diseases 传染病科
Dietician 营养科医师
Pediatrician 儿科医师
Obstetrician 产科医师
Midwife 助产师
Gynecologist 妇科医师
Radiologist 放射科医师
Epidemiologist 流行病医师
Pharmacist 药剂医师
Assistant pharmacist 药剂医士
Laboratory technician 化验员
Assistant nurse 卫生员
Cleaner 清洁员
Controller 总务科长
Registrar 挂号员
Sanitation worker 消毒员
3.诊断和治疗常用词汇
inspection 望诊
inquiry 问诊
auscultation 听诊
percussion 扣诊
palpation 触诊
biopsy 活组织检查
pathological section 病理切片
endoscopy 内窥镜检查
ECG(electrocardiogram) examination 心电图检查
EEG(electrocardiogram) examination 脑电图检查
Intravenous pyelography 静脉肾盂造影术
Skin-test 皮肤试验
examination by centesis 穿刺检查
routine analysis of blood 血常规分析
urine analysis of blood 尿常规分析
red blood cell count(RBC) 红细胞计数
white blood cell count(WBC) 白细胞计数
general check-up 全身检查
routine examination 常规检查
follow-up examination 随访检查
consultation 会诊
emergency 急诊
diagnosis 诊断
prognosis 预后
convalescence, recovery 康复
relapse 复发
treatment 治疗
prescribe 开药方
fill a prescription 配药
injecting 打针
hypodermic injection 皮下注射
intramuscular injection 肌肉注射
intravenous injection 静脉注射
inoculating 预防注射
fluid infusion 点滴注射
blood transfusion 输血
dose 剂量
tablet 药片
capsule 胶囊
liquid medicine 药水
powder 药粉
ointment 药膏(软膏)
plaster 硬膏，石膏
lotion 洗剂
suppository 栓剂
analgesics 止痛药
antipyetics 退烧药
antitussive 止咳药
expectorant 祛痰药
diuretics 利尿药
hemostatic 止血药
antidiarrheal 止泄药
antipruritic 止痒药
antidote 解毒药
antirheumatic 抗风湿药
anticarcinogen 抗癌药
antibiotics 抗菌素
anticoagulant 抗凝剂
cardiac tonic 强心药
vasodilator 血管舒张药
vasoconstrictor 血管收缩药
antiepileptic 抗癫痫药
antispasmodic 解痉药
sedative 镇静药
anesthetics 麻醉药
penicillin 盘尼西林
streptomycin 链霉素
gentamycin 庆大霉素
aspirin 阿斯匹林
morphine 吗啡
dolantin 杜冷丁
iodine 碘酒
distilled water 蒸馏水
normal saline solution 生理食盐水
atropine 阿托品
hormone 激素
glucose 葡萄糖
side effect, adverse effect 副作用
operative treatment 手术疗法
major operation 大手术
minor operation 小手术
anesthesia 麻醉
general anesthesia 全身麻醉
local anesthesia 局部麻醉
excision, removal, resection 切除术
tonsillectomy 扁桃体切除术
thyroidectomy 甲状腺切除术
pneumonectomy 肺切除术
mastectomy 乳房切除术
gastrectomy 胃切除术
cholecystectomy 胆囊切除术
hepalobectomy 肝叶切除术
splenectomy 脾切除术
nephrectomy 肾切除术
salpingectomy 输卵管切除术
hysterectomy 子宫切除术
hysteromyomectomy 子宫肌瘤切除术
proctectomy 直肠切除术
appendectomy 阑尾切除术
prostatectomy 前列腺切除术
tracheotomy 气管切开术
incision of abscess 脓肿切开术
craniotomy 颅骨切开
thoracotomy 胸廓切开
laparotomy 剖腹术
amputation 截肢
fixation 固定
hot compress 热敷
cold compress 冷敷
gastric lavage 洗胃
enema 灌肠
urethral catheterication 导尿
hemostasis 止血
dressing 包扎
sew up the incision 缝合切口
remove the stitches 拆线
cardiac massage 心脏按摩
artificial respiration 人工呼吸
diet 饮食
special diet 特定饮食
low protein diet 低蛋白饮食
low fat diet 低脂肪饮食
low calorie diet 低热量饮食
liquid diet 流质饮食
semi-liquid diet 半流质饮食
solid diet 固体饮食
light diet 易消化的饮食
vegetable diet 素食
4.常见疾病名称
Internal Medicine 内科
Acidosis 酸中毒
Adams-Stokes syndrome 亚-斯氏综合症
alcoholism, alcoholic intoxication 酒精中毒
alkalosis 碱中毒
anaphylaxis 过敏症
anemia 贫血
iron deficiency anemia 缺铁性贫血
megaloblastic anemia 巨幼红细胞性贫血
aplastic anemia 再生障碍性贫血
angiitis 脉管炎
angina pectoris 心绞痛
arteriosclerosis 动脉硬化
apoplexy 中风
auricular fibrillation 心房纤颤
auriculo-ventricular block 房室传导阻滞
bronchial asthma 支气管哮喘
bronchitis 支气管炎
bronchiectasis 支气管扩张
bronchopneumonia 支气管肺炎
carcinoma 癌
cardiac arrhythmia 心律紊乱
cardiac failure 心力衰竭
cardiomyopathy 心肌病
cirrhosis 肝硬化
coronary arteriosclerotic heart disease 冠状动脉硬化性心脏病
Crohn disease 克罗恩病
Cushing’s syndrome 库欣综合症
diabetes 糖尿病
diffuse intravascular coagulation 弥散性血管凝血
dysentery 痢疾
enteritis 肠炎
gastric ulcer 胃溃疡
gastritis 胃炎
gout 痛风
hepatitis 肝炎
Hodgkin’s disease 霍奇金病
hyperlipemia 高脂血症，血脂过多
hyperparathyroidism 甲状旁腺功能亢进
hypersplenism 脾功能亢进
hypertension 高血压
hyperthyroidism 甲状腺功能亢进
hypoglycemia 低血糖
hypothyroidism 甲状腺功能减退
infective endocarditis 感染性心内膜炎
influenza 流感
leukemia 白血病
lobar pneumonia 大叶性肺炎
lymphadenitis 淋巴结炎
lymphoma 淋巴瘤
malaria 疟疾
malnutrition 营养不良
measles 麻疹
myeloma 骨髓瘤
myocardial infarction 心肌梗死
myocarditis 心肌炎
nephritis 肾炎
nephritic syndrome 肾综合症
obstructive pulmonary emphysema 阻塞性肺气肿
pancreatitis 胰腺炎
peptic ulcer 消化性溃疡
peritonitis 腹膜炎
pleuritis 胸膜炎
pneumonia 肺炎
pneumothorax 气胸
purpura 紫癜
allergic purpura 过敏性紫癜
thrombocytolytic purpura 血小板减少性紫癜
pyelonephritis 肾盂肾炎
renal failure 肾功能衰竭
rheumatic fever 风湿病
rheumatoid arthritis 类风湿性关节炎
scarlet fever 猩红热
septicemia 败血症
syphilis 梅毒
tachycardia 心动过速
tumour 肿瘤
typhoid 伤寒
ulcerative colitis 溃疡性结肠炎
upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage 上消化道血
Neurology 神经科
brain abscess 脑脓肿
cerebral embolism 脑栓塞
cerebral infarction 脑梗死
cerebral thrombosis 脑血栓
cerebral hemorrhage 脑出血
concussion of brain 脑震荡
craniocerebral injury 颅脑损伤
epilepsy 癫痫
intracranial tumour 颅内肿瘤
intracranial hematoma 颅内血肿
meningitis 脑膜炎
migraine 偏头痛
neurasthenia 神经衰弱
neurosis 神经官能症
paranoid psychosis 偏执性精神病
Parkinson’s disease 帕金森综合症
psychosis 精神病
schizophrenia 精神分裂症
Surgery 外科
abdominal external hernia 腹外疝
acute diffuse peritonitis 急性弥漫性腹膜炎
acute mastitis 急性乳腺炎
acute pancreatitis 急性胰腺炎
acute perforation of gastro-duodenal ulcer急性胃十二指肠溃疡穿孔
acute pyelonephritis 急性肾盂肾炎
anal fissure 肛裂
anal fistula 肛瘘
anesthesia 麻醉
angioma 血管瘤
appendicitis 阑尾炎
bleeding of gastro-duodenal ulcer 胃十二指肠溃疡出血
bone tumour 骨肿瘤
breast adenoma 乳房腺瘤
burn 烧伤
cancer of breast 乳腺癌
carbuncle 痈
carcinoma of colon 结肠炎
carcinoma of esophagus 食管癌
carcinoma of gallbladder 胆囊癌
carcinoma of rectum 直肠癌
carcinoma of stomach 胃癌
cholecystitis 胆囊炎
cervical spondylosis 颈椎病
choledochitis 胆管炎
cholelithiasis 胆石症
chondroma 软骨瘤
dislocation of joint 关节脱位
erysipelas 丹毒
fracture 骨折
furuncle 疖
hemorrhoid 痔
hemothorax 血胸
hypertrophy of prostate 前列腺肥大
intestinal obstruction 肠梗阻
intestinal tuberculosis 肠结核
lipoma 脂肪瘤
lithangiuria 尿路结石
liver abscess 肝脓肿
melanoma 黑色素瘤
osseous tuberculosis 骨结核
osteoclastoma 骨巨细胞瘤
osteoporosis 骨质疏松症
osteosarcoma 骨质疏松症
osteosarcoma 骨肉瘤
Paget’s disease 佩吉特病
perianorecrtal abscess 肛管直肠周围脓肿
phlegmon 蜂窝织炎
portal hypertension 门静脉高压
prostatitis 前列腺炎
protrusion of intervertebral disc 椎间盘突出
purulent arthritis 化脓性关节炎
pyogenic ostcomyclitis 化脓性骨髓炎
pyothorax 脓胸
rectal polyp 直肠息肉
rheumatoid arthritis 类风湿性关节炎
rupture of spleen 脾破裂
scapulohumeral periarthritis 肩周炎
tenosynovitis 腱鞘炎
tetanus 破伤风
thromboangiitis 血栓性脉管炎
thyroid adenocarcinoma 甲状腺腺癌
thyroid adenoma 甲状腺腺瘤
trauma 创伤
urinary infection 泌尿系感染
varicose vein of lower limb 下肢静脉曲张
Paediatrics 儿科
acute military tuberculosis of the lung 急性粟粒性肺结核
acute necrotic enteritis 急性坏死性结肠炎
anaphylactic purpura 过敏性紫癜
ancylostomiasis 钩虫病
ascariasis 蛔虫病
asphyxia of the newborn 新生儿窒息
atrial septal defect 房间隔缺损
birth injury 产伤
cephalhematoma 头颅血肿
cerebral palsy 脑性瘫痪
congenital torticollis 先天性斜颈
convulsion 惊厥
Down’s syndrome 唐氏综合症
glomerulonephritis 肾小球肾炎
hemophilia 血友病
infantile diarrhea 婴儿腹泻
intracranial hemorrhage of the newborn 新生儿颅内出血
intussusception 肠套叠
necrotic enterocolitis of newborn 新生儿坏死性小肠结膜炎
neonatal jaundice 新生儿黄疸
nutritional iron deficiency anemia 营养性缺铁性贫血
nutritional megaloblastic anemia 营养性巨幼细胞性贫血
patent ductus arteriosis 动脉导管未闭
poliomyelitis 骨髓灰质炎
premature infant 早产儿
primary tuberculosis 原发性肺结核
progressive muscular dystrophy 进行性肌肉营养不良
pulmonary stenosis 肺动脉狭窄
purulent meningitis 化脓性脑膜炎
rickets 佝偻病
sepsis of the newborn 新生儿败血症
tetanus of the newborn 新生儿破伤风
tetralogy of Fallot 法洛四联症
thrush 鹅口疮，真菌性口炎
varicella 水痘
ventricular septal defect 室间隔缺损
viral encephalitis 病毒性脑炎
viral myocarditis 病毒性心肌炎
Gynecology and Obstetrics 妇，产科
abortion 流产
adenomyosis 子宫内膜异位症
amniotic fluid embolism 羊水栓塞
Bartholin’s cyst 巴氏腺囊肿
carcinoma of cervix 子宫颈癌
carcinoma of endometrium 子宫内膜癌
carcinoma of ovary 卵巢癌
cervicitis 宫颈炎
chorio-epithelioma 绒毛膜上皮癌
corpora luteum cyst 黄体囊肿
dystocia 难产
eclampsia 子痫
edema-proteinuria-hypertension syndrome
水肿蛋白尿高血压综合征(妊娠高血压综合征)
endometriosis 子宫内膜异位症
extrauterine pregnancy 子宫外孕
hydatidiform mole 葡萄胎
hyperemesis gravidarum 妊娠剧吐
infertility 不育症
irregular menstruation 月经失调
lochia 恶露
monilial vaginitis 念珠菌性阴道炎
multiple pregnancy 多胎妊娠
myoma of uterus 子宫肿瘤
oligohydramnios 羊水过少
ovarian tumour 卵巢肿瘤
pelvic inflammatory disease 盆腔炎
placenta previa 前置胎盘
placental abruption 胎盘早期剥离
pregnancy-hypertension syndrome 妊娠高血压综合症
premature birth 早产
premature rupture of membrane 胎膜早破
postpartum hemorrhage 产后出血
puerperal infection 产褥感染
rupture of uterus 子宫破裂
trichomonas vaginitis 滴虫性阴道炎
uteroplacental apoplexy 子宫胎盘卒中
vulvitis 外阴炎
Ophthalmology and Otorhinolaryngology 五官科
amblyopia 弱视
amygdalitis, tonsillitis 扁桃体炎
astigmatism 散光
carcinoma of nasopharynx鼻咽癌
carcinoma of larynx 喉癌
cataract 白内障
tinnitus 耳鸣
chalazion 霰粒肿，脸板腺囊肿
colour blindness 色盲
deflection of nasal septum 鼻中隔偏曲
deafness 聋
furuncle of nasalvestibule 鼻前庭疖
glaucoma 青光眼
heterotropia 斜视
hyperopia 远视
injury of cornea 角膜损伤
ceruminal impaction 耵聍嵌塞
iritis 虹膜炎
keratitis 角膜炎
labyrinthitis 迷路炎， 内耳炎
laryngitis 喉炎
mastoiditis 乳突炎
myopia 近视
nasal sinusitis 鼻窦炎
otitis media 中耳炎
obstruction of larynx 喉梗阻
peritonsillar abscess 扁桃体中脓肿
pharyngitis 咽炎
rhinitis 鼻炎
Dermatoloty 皮科
acne 痤疮
carcinoma of skin 皮肤癌
bed sore 褥疮
decubitus ulcer 褥疮性溃疡
drug eruption 药皮疹
eczema 湿疹
herpes simplex 单纯疱疹
herpes zoster 带状疱疹
lupus erythematosis 红斑狼疮
psoriasis 牛皮癣
urticaria 荨麻疹
wart 疣
5.常见手术名称
General Sugery 普外
appendectomy (appendicectomy) 阑尾切除术
cholecystectmy 胆囊切除术
cholecystostomy 胆囊造口术
drainage of the abscess 脓肿引流
enterostomy 肠造口术
exploratory laparotomy 开腹探查术
gastrectomy 胃切除术
gastroduodenostomy 胃十二指肠吻合术
hemorrhoidectomy 痔切除术
hepaticotomy 肝管切开术
hepatectomy 肝切除术
herniorrhaphy 疝修补术
ligation of lower oesophageal veins 低位食管静脉结扎
pancreatectomy 胰切除术
portal vena cava anastomosis 门腔静脉吻合术
pyloroplasty 幽门成形术
mastectomy 乳房切除术
splenectomy 脾切除术
thyroidectomy 甲状腺切除术
thyroid lobectomy 甲状腺叶切除术
vagotomy 迷走神经切断术
Orthopedics 骨科
amputation 截肢
arthrodesis 关节固定术
curettage if bone tumor 骨瘤刮除术
excision of bone tumor 骨瘤切除术
external fixation 外固定
fasciotomy 筋膜切开术
free skin graft 自由皮瓣移植
internal fixation 内固定
plaster cast 石膏管形
plaster splintage 石膏夹板固定
prosthetic replacement for joint 人工关节置换术
reduction of fracture 骨折复位
reduction of joint dislocation 关节脱位复位
repair if ligament 韧带修补
replantation if digit断指再植
skeletal traction 骨牵引
tenorrhaphy 腱缝合术
Thoracic Surgery 胸外科
aortocoronary bypass 主动脉冠状动脉分流
closed drainage of pleural cavity 胸腔闭式引流
complete intracardiac repair of Fallot’s Tetralogy 法洛完全修复术
dilation of aortic valular stenosis 主动脉瓣狭窄扩张术
exploratory thoracotomy 开胸探查
heart transplantation 心脏移植
heart valve replacement 心脏瓣膜置换术
ligation of patent ductus arteriosis 动脉导管未闭结扎术
lobectomy of lungs 肺叶切除
local excision of tumor of lungs 肺肿瘤局部切除术
parial esophagectomy and reconstruction of esophagus
食管部分切除、重建
repair of auricular septal defect 房间隔缺损修补术
repair if ventricular septal defect 室间隔缺损修补术
repair if valvular insufficiency 瓣膜闭锁不全的修补
pericardiectomy 心包切除术
peicardiotomy 心包切开术
pulmonary embolectomy 肺动脉栓子切除术
resection of arterial aneurysm动脉瘤切除术
Urology 泌尿科
cystoplasty 膀胱成形术
cystostomy 膀胱造口术
nephrectomy 肾切除术
nephrostomy肾造口术
nephrolithotomy肾石切除术
orchiectomy睾丸切除术
prostatectomy前列腺切除术
renal biopsy肾活检
renal transplantation肾移植
urethra-lithotomy输尿管结石切除
urethroplasty 尿道成形术
vasoligation 输精管结扎术
Neurosurgery 神经外科
decompression 减压术
excision of brain tumor 脑瘤切除术
exploratory craniotomy开颅探查术
lobectomy (脑)叶切除术
removed of intracranial hematoma 颅内血肿清除术
repair of dura defect 硬脑膜缺损修补术
Dentistry 牙科
dental prosthetics 镶牙
filling 牙填充
orthodontic treatment 牙矫正术
periodontal treatment 牙周治疗
tooth extraction 拔牙
Gynecology & Obstetrics 妇产科
amniocentesis 羊膜穿刺术
cervicectomy 子宫颈切除术
cesarean section 剖宫产术剖腹产
culdocentesis 后穹隆穿刺术
dilatation of the cervix 宫颈扩张术
excision of Bartholin cyst 巴氏腺囊肿切除术
hysterectomy 子宫切除术
induction of labor 引产术
ovarian cystectomy 助产术
oophorectomy 卵巢切除术
salpingectomy 输卵管切除术
sterilization 绝育术
uterine curetlage 刮宫术
vulvectomy 外阴切除术
Ophthalmology & Otorhinolaryngology 五官科
aspiration of cataract 白内障吸出术
closed reduction of nasal bone 鼻骨闭合复位
corneal grafting 角膜移植
enucleation of eyeball 眼球摘除术
excision of turbinates 鼻甲切除术
extraction of intra-ocular foreign body 眼内异物摘除
laryngectomy and laryngostomy 喉切除术和喉造口术
lens extraction 晶体摘除
mastoidectomy 乳突切开术
myringotomy 鼓膜切开术
myringoplasty 鼓膜成形术
nasal polypectomy 鼻息肉切除术
septoplasty (鼻)中隔成形术
sinusotomy 鼻窦切开术
submuscous resection of nasal septum 鼻中隔粘膜下切除术
tonsillectomy 扁桃体切除术
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