2017年考研英语完型填空专项试题及答案

　　完形填空

　　Text 1

　　Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency (crimes committed by young people) focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributing influence. Theories __21__ on the individual suggest that children engage in criminal behavior __22__ they were not sufficiently penalized for previous misdeeds or that they have learned criminal behavior through __23__ with others. Theories focusing on the role of society suggest that children commit crimes in __24__ to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status, __25__ as a rejection of middle-class values. Most theories of juvenile delinquency have focused on children from disadvantaged families, __26__ the fact that children from wealthy homes also commit crimes. The latter may commit crimes __27__ lack of adequate parental control. All theories, however, are tentative and are __28__ to criticism. Changes in the social structure may indirectly __29__ juvenile crime rates. For example, changes in the economy that __30__ to fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment __31__ make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain. The resulting discontent may in __32__ lead more youths into criminal behavior. Families have also __33__ changes these years. More families consist of one parent households or two working parents; __34__, children are likely to have less supervision at home __35__ was common in the traditional family __36__. This lack of parental supervision is thought to be an influence on juvenile crime rates. Other __37__ causes of offensive acts include frustration or failure in school, the increased __38__ of drugs and alcohol, and the growing __39__ of child abuse and child neglect. All these conditions tend to increase the probability of a child committing a criminal act, __40__ a direct causal relationship has not yet been established

　　1.[A] acting [B] relying [C] centering [D] cementing

　　2.[A] before [B] unless [C] until [D] because

　　3.[A] interactions [B] assimilation [C] cooperation [D] consultation

　　4.[A] return [B] reply [C] reference [D] response

　　5.[A] or [B] but rather [C] but [D] or else

　　6.[A] considering [B] ignoring [C] highlighting [D] discarding

　　7.[A] on [B] in [C] for [D] with

　　8.[A] immune [B] resistant [C] sensitive [D] subject

　　9.[A] affect [B] reduce [C] chock [D] reflect

　　10.[A] point [B] lead [C] come [D] amount

　　11.[A] in general [B] on average [C] by contrast [D] at length

　　12.[A] case [B] short [C] turn [D] essence

　　13.[A] survived [B] noticed [C] undertaken [D] experienced

　　14.[A] contrarily [B] consequently [C] similarly [D] simultaneously

　　15.[A] than [B] that [C] which [D] as

　　16.[A] system [B] structure [C] concept [D] heritage

　　17.[A] assessable [B] identifiable [C] negligible [D] incredible

　　18.[A] expense [B] restriction [C] allocation [D] availability

　　19.[A] incidence [B] awareness [C] exposure [D] popularity

　　20.[A] provided [B] since [C] although [D] supposing

　　参考答案：

　　1-5. [C]. [D]. [A]. [D]. [A] 6-10. [B]. [C]. [D]. [A]. [B]

　　11-15. [A]. [C]. [D]. [B]. [A] 16-20. [B]. [B]. [D]. [A]. [C]

　　Text 2

　　Teachers need to be aware of the emotional, intellectual, and physical changes that young adults experience. And they also need to give serious __21__ to how they can be best __22__ such changes. Growing bodies need movement and __23__, but not just in ways that emphasize competition. __24__ they are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host of new intellectual and emotional challenges, teenagers are especially self-conscious and need the __25__ that comes from achieving success and knowing that their accomplishments are __26__ by others. However, the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much competition that it would be __27__ to plan activities in which there are more winners than losers, __28__, publishing newsletters with many student-written book reviews, __29__ student artwork, and sponsoring book discussion clubs. A variety of small clubs can provide __30__ opportunities for leadership, as well as for practice in successful __31__ dynamics. Making friends is extremely important to teenagers, and many shy students need the __32__ of some kind of organization with a supportive adult __33__ visible in the background. In these activities, it is important to remember that the young teens have __34__ attention spans. A variety of activities should be organized __35__ participants can remain active as long as they want and then go on to __36__ else without feeling guilty and without letting the other participants __37__. This does not mean that adults must accept irresponsibility. __38__ they can help students acquire a sense of commitment by __39__ for roles that are within their __40__ and their attention spans and by having clearly stated rules.

　　1.[A] thought [B] idea [C] opinion [D] advice

　　2.[A] strengthen [B] accommodate [C] stimulate [D] enhance

　　3.[A] care [B] nutrition [C] exercise [D] leisure

　　4.[A] If [B] Although [C] Whereas [D] Because

　　5.[A] assistance [B] guidance [C] confidence [D] tolerance

　　6.[A] claimed [B] admired [C] ignored [D] surpassed

　　7.[A] improper [B] risky [C] fair [D] wise

　　8.[A] in effect [B] as a result [C] for example [D] in a sense

　　9.[A] displaying [B] describing [C] creating [D] exchanging

　　10.[A] durable [B] excessive [C] surplus [D] multiple

　　11.[A] groups [B] individual [C] personnel [D] corporation

　　12.[A] consent [B] insurance [C] admission [D] security

　　13.[A] particularly [B] barely [C] definitely [D] rarely

　　14.[A] similar [B] long [C] different [D] short

　　15.[A] if only [B] now that [C] so that [D] even if

　　16.[A] everything [B] anything [C] nothing [D] something

　　17.[A] off [B] down [C] out [D] alone

　　18.[A] On the contrary [B] On the average [C] On the whole [D] On the other hand

　　19.[A] making [B] standing [C] planning [D] taking

　　20.[A] capability [B] responsibility [C] proficiency [D] efficiency

　　参考答案：

　　1-5. [A]. [B]. [C] [D]. [C] 6-10. [B]. [D]. [C]. [A]. [D]

　　11-15. [A]. [D]. [B]. [D]. [C] 16-20. [D]. [B]. [A]. [C]. [A]

　　Text 3

　　The family is the center of most traditional Asians' lives. Many people worry about their families welfare, reputation, and honor. Asian families are often 1 , including several generations related by 2 or marriage living in

　　the same home. An Asian person's misdeeds are not blamed just on the individual but also on the family ---including the dead 3 . Traditional Chinese, among many other Asians, respect their elders and feel a deep sense of duty 4 them. Children repay their parents' 5 by being successful and supporting them in old age. This is accepted as a 6 part of life in China. 7 ,taking care of the aged parents is often viewed as a tremendous 8 in the United States,swheresaging and family support are not 9 highly. 10 , in the youth-oriented United States, growing old is seen as a bad thing, and many old people do not receive respect. Pilipinos, the most Americanized of the Asians, are 11 extremely family-oriented. They are 12 to helping their children and will sacrifice greatly for their children to get an education. 13 , the children are devoted to their parents, who often live nearby. Grown children who leave the country for economic reasons 14 send large parts of their income home to their parents. The Vietnamese family 15 people currently 16 as well as the spirits of the dead and of the as-yet unborn. Any 17 or actions are done from family considerations, not individual desires. People's behavior is fudged 18 whether it brings shame or pride to the family. The Vietnamese do not particularly believe in self-reliance; in this way, they are the 19 of people in the United States. Many Vietnamese think that their actions in this life will influence their 20 in the next life.

　　1. A. enlarged B. extended C. expanded D. lengthened

　　2 . A. history B. interaction C. blood D. bond

　　3. A. pioneer B. settlers C. immigrant D. ancestors

　　4. A. toward B. for C. of D. on

　　5. A. contributions B. sufferings C. sacrifices D. tributes

　　6. A. formal B. natural C. regular D. peculiar

　　7. A. in comparison B. to the same extent C. in a way D. in contrast

　　8. A. relief B. responsibility C. burden D. business

　　9. A. rewarded B. honored C. regarded D. complimented

　　10. A. in fact B. of course C. and yet D. as a result

　　11. A. but B. further C. still D. only

　　12. A. confined B. dedicated C. corresponded D. exposed