英语写作中的过渡词
(六)常用表示举例解释的过渡词
常用的表示举例的过渡词语有：for example 举例，namely(等于“that is”)即，这就是说，for instance 举例，a case in point恰当的例子。例如：
① The means of production， namely， factories， mines and landshould be improved.
② A lot of people here， like Tom for example， would rather stay athome watching TV.
③ A case in point is the water control project along the YangtzeRiver.
(七)表示总结、结论的过渡词
As has been noted 如前所述，As I have said 如我所述，In brief简言之，In conclusion 总之，In short 简言之，In summary 总之，Tosum up 总之，To conclude 总之，Eventually 最后，In my opinion 以我看来，From this point of view 从这个观点来看，On account of this， wecan find that… 由此我们可以发现……，On the whole 总起来说，Atlarge 总体上而，Personally 我个人认为……，Thus， this is the reasonwhy we must… 因此，这就是我们为什么必须……。例如：
① In conclusion， let us encourage the exchange of ideas andopinions by means of debates.
② In short/In brief/To sum up/In summary， I think that time hascome for the introduction of strict measures to protect ourenvironment.
③ As has been noted/As I have said， country life is morebeneficial than city life.
过渡词使上下文的连接自然、紧凑，使文章整体具有结构上的粘着性和意义上的连贯性。虽然过渡词的使用并不是文章连贯的惟一手段，但确实是一种十分重要和有效的手段。这部分需要学生平时通过大量的句子练习掌握好各种纷繁的过渡词的使用，为自己的写作锦上添花。
此外还有一些形容词短语、同位语从句等表达因果关系的结构和陈述套语有时也可作为过渡词使用。如：
… Attribute to … (原因) [形容词短语](原因)… which in turn (结果)
Account for … (原因)
(结果) lie in the fact that (原因)
(结果) result from (原因)
It is precisely because… (原因) that (结果)… [强调结构](原因) be responsible for (结果)
It’s well known to us that ...
As is known to us， ...
This is a topic that is being widely talked about.
From the graph (table， chart) listed above， it can be seen that ...
例如：
① They give rise to unfair competition， which in turn throwsoriginal businesses into a commercial panic.
② As is well known to us， it is important for the students to knowthe world outside campus.
③ The reason for this is obvious. Nowadays. the society ischanging and developing rapidly. and the campus is no longeran “ivory tower”. As college students. we must get in touch withthe world outside the campus. Only in this way can we adaptourselves to the society quickly after we graduate.
诸如此类的结构还有很多，比如表达数量、优点、缺点、重要、必要、困难、方便、可能、措施、变化、事实、现状、比较、看法、结论，如As the proverb says… 正如谚语所言，Everybodyknows that… 每个人都知道，Generally speaking， … 一般说来，It isknown to us that… 众所周知，It is true that… 的确，Many people aremuch interested in the question that… 许多人都对……感兴趣，Thereis no doubt that… 毫无疑问，等等。总之，过渡词纷繁复杂，只有在学习中慢慢摸索，慢慢积累，才能切实地提高英语写作水平。
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