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职称英语综合类B级词汇解析
引导语:职称英语综合类B级词汇,由应届毕业生培训网整理而成,谢谢您的阅读。
1.At midnight(午夜、半夜12点), we were aroused (吵醒)by a knock(敲) at the door. (answer: B)
A. irritated:vt(使人恼怒、急噪)I am irradiated by the delay of the flight(航班的延误).
B. awakened: vt (弄醒,唤醒)my mother awakens me every morning.
C. arisen(***): vi(是arise的过去分词,出现、呈现、引起、发生,一般和介词from搭配。)
A new problem(问题) has arisen.
arise = appear = come up = originate = cause
D. annoyed:vt(是annoy的过去分词, 使某人不悦、惹恼某人,打搅)
His constant(不断的。不停的) cries(哭闹) annoy me.
分析:arouse是一个多义词,一般作为及物动词使用,基本含义有:唤醒某人,引起、激发;鼓励、鼓动。我们可以参看教材上一道原题(卫生类)
2.In a bullfight, it is the movement, not the color, of objects that arouses the bull.
A. confuses(使人迷惑,混淆) B. excites(使人兴奋、刺激,激发)
C. scares(恐吓某人,吓跑某人= frighten)
D. diverts(转移某人的注意力,使某物转向)
arouse = awaken = encourage = cause
在06年的8题中,题目略做改动:
3.It is the movement, not the color, of objects that excites the bull.
A. frightens(使人感到恐惧、害怕) B. scares C. confuses D. arouses
得出结论:不要背答案,要搞清每个常用词的用法和同义词,尽量在学习过程中能作到举一反三。
4.She was awarded(颁发、授予、) a prize(奖) for the film(电影). (answer: A)
A. given:vt(给、授予、让步、供给), 常出现的固定搭配:give away泄露秘密,发放,颁发; give forth发表,公布,发出声音、气味;give in屈服,交上;give way to让步,坍塌,破裂
B. rewarded:vt酬劳、奖赏;n 报酬、赏金,常见搭配:
as a reward for作为对某事的奖赏;reward sb for sth为某事而报答某人,请注意派生词:rewarding: adj 值得做的,令人满意的 a rewarding film/trip(旅行)
如:He rewarded the boy for finding his lost mobile phone.
C. sent(是send过去分词,送, 寄)
The mother sends her children to school every morning.
D. reminded(原形是remind, 提醒某人,使某人想起,常见搭配:remind sb of sth)
The picture(照片) reminded me of my father.
分析:award属于词义比较简单的词,一般表示颁发、授予、判定、给予,如:
she was awarded a gold medal(金牌) as a swimming(游泳) champion(冠军)
5.Smoking(吸烟) will be banned (禁止)in all public(公共的) places here. (answer: A)
A. forbidden: 原形是forbid, 意思是禁止,不许,常见搭配:forbid sb to do sth,
The teacher forbids us to talk(说话) in the class.
B. allowed(***): 原形allow, 允许、准许某人做某事,allow sb to do sth, 如:
My boss(老板) doesn’t allow me to use(使用)the phone(电话).
C. permitted : vt 原形permit, 允许,许可,使某事有可能性,同义词allow, let.
allow = permit = let
D. promoted(***): v 原形promote, 促进、增进、发扬、提升、请注意派生的名词:promotion: 提升、促销,提倡、赞助。
如:She worked hard and was promoted very soon. (她工作努力,很快获得晋升。)
the organization(组织) works to promote(促进) friendship(友谊) between nations(两国之间的).
6.Smoking is not permitted in the office.
A. probable:形容词,可能的,同义词:possible
B. possible:形容词,可能的,同义词:probable)
C. admitted:动词,承认、允许某人进入,如:
1). The small window admits very little light(阳光).
2). I admitted I was wrong. (我承认我错了。)
D. allowed = permitted
7.There is a growing(不断增加的) gap(n 缺口、裂口、距离、分歧) between the rich(代表一类人,富人们) and the poor(穷人们). (answer: C)
A. conflict:n 冲突、争执、(意见的)分歧、v冲突、抵触
a conflict of interests利害冲突;
B. tension: n 紧张,同义词:nervousness
C. gulf: n 海湾、沟壑、分歧,常见搭配:gulf between A and B in sth
There is a gulf between the husband and the wife in education(教育) of their child.
D. confrontation: n 对抗、动词:confront.
一般用于: confront sb with sth让某人面对(不快的或令人头疼的事情)
有关gap,还有一个常见的表达:generation gap代沟
8.I am very grateful(感激的) to you for your assistance(帮助). (answer: D)
A. helpful:有帮助的,反义词:helpless, 词组:be helpful to sb
He is always helpful to his mother.
B. hopeful:有希望的,反义词:hopeless, 常见搭配:be hopeful of/about对。。。抱有希望,如:I am hopeful of passing the exam.
C. pitiful: pity+ful 令人怜悯的、可怜的,反义词:pitiless: 无怜悯心的、残酷的
D .thankful:感激的、感谢的,反义词:thankless: 不感谢的、忘恩的,常见搭配:
be thankful to sb for sth = be grateful to sb for sth
得出结论:同义词的常见搭配也一样,后缀-ful(充满的)和-less(少的、几乎没有的)互为反义词。(重要词根!)
9.You will be meeting her presently(不久、立刻). (answer: A)
A. shortly:adv马上、立刻 I’ll be coming back shortly.
B. currently: adv时下、当前,同义词组:at present = now
She is currently in Beijing.
C. lately(***): adv 最近,同义词:recently
How have been lately?近来可好?
D. probably: 可能地,反义词:improbably, 同义词:possibly.
presently = shortly = soon
10.Attitudes to(对。。。的态度) mental(精神的) illness(疾病) have shifted(改变) in recent years(在近几年=lately). (answer: C)
A. displayed: 展示、陈列某物,显示、显露 display sth to sb
B. shown:原形show, 显示、展示,此时和display属近义词。
C. changed(***):高频核心词,含义丰富,改变、更换、交换、换乘、换衣服\兑换货币,等等。
change one’s idea/attitude改变主意/态度;change one’s job换工作; change gear换挡; change sides改变立场; change train换乘火车;change dollars into RMB把美圆兑换成人民币。
D. demonstrated:v 证明、论证、表明、示威游行
11.I have been trying to(尽力) quit(停止) smoking. (answer: A)
A. give up:停止、放弃,give up sth/doing sth, 如:
My husband gave up(= quit = stop = abandon) smoking last year.
B. pick up(***):捡起来、情况好转、通过实践学会(外语、技术)、收取某物、接人、偶然结识某人等。
C. build up逐渐发展、增强
D. take up:占据(时间或空间)、从事某事
12.That guy(家伙,小伙子) is intelligent(聪明的), but a bit dull (沉闷的、乏味的、单调的). (answer: D)
A.strange:奇怪的、陌生的、不同寻常的,常见搭配:be strange to sth
he’s strange to the new work. (他对这新工作很不习惯。)
B. special:特殊的、特别的、专门的、额外的,如:special friend特别的朋友;special train专列;当名词用时,特别的人或事物。
C. quiet:安静的。Keep quiet!保持安静!
D. boring:枯燥的、无趣的、单调的,请注意和它有关的其他同根词:
bore: v使人感到乏味;bored: adj 感到乏味的;在口语中,有时说:
Long speech bores me to death. (冗长的演讲把我烦死了。)
13. We all think(认为) that Mary’s husband(丈夫) is a very boring(乏味的) person.
A shy(害羞的) B stupid(愚蠢的)
C dull(乏味的、无趣的、迟钝的) D selfish(自私的)
dull = boring = uninteresting
得出结论:有时间多做真题。只要是高频核心词,总会不厌其烦地出现在试卷上。
14.She is a highly (非常) successful (成功的)teacher. (answer: C)
A. fairly :adv 相当地、公平地、完全地,一般与褒义词连用,如:
1). Your bedroom(卧室)is fairly tidy(整洁的).
2). You are not treating(对待) us fairly(公平地).
B. rather : adv 相当地,多与贬义词连用,如:it’s rather cold today. (今天相当地冷。)除此之外,常见搭配:would rather do A than do B:宁愿做A也不愿做B,如:
I would rather walk to school than take a bus.
rather too:太。。。,如:English is rather too difficult for me.(英语对于我来说太难。)
rather than:不是,不要,如:I would like a cup of tea rather than coffee.
C. very: 非常
D. moderately: adv 适度地、不过分地
补充:关于highly:高度地,非常,如:
his classmates speak highly of him. (他的同班同学对他高度评价。)
15.We should not sacrifice(牺牲) environmental protections(环保) to foster (促进)economic(经济的) growth(增长). (answer: B)
A. reduce:减少,同义词:decrease
B. promote: v 晋升、提升、促进
C. realize(***):认识到、实现计划、了解到,常见搭配:
Realize one’s mistake认识到自己的错误;realize one’s hopes/plan/dream实现希望/计划/梦想;realize the truth of the event了解时间真相
D. give:给予
补充:foster是一个多义词,除了“促进”,还表示培养、培育、照顾、抚养(不属于自己的孩子), 如:foster mother养母;foster parents养父母。
16.Government(政府) health campaigns(健康运动) have fostered (培养)an awareness(意识) of the dangers(危险,危害性) in certain social habits (某些社会习惯).
A. included(包括) B. discovered(发现)
C. cultivated (培养、养成, 种植庄稼,陶冶情操)
D. discouraged:使某人泄气,失去信心,反义词:encourage:鼓励,请注意dis-是一个常见的反义前缀。
17.Relief workers(救援人员) were shocked (震惊的、吃惊的)by what they saw(他们所看到的). (answer: C)
A. moved:感动的 B. touched:动人的、感人的(= moved)
C. surprised: 吃惊的,be surprised at sth.
I’m very surprised to see you here.
D. worried: 担心的、发愁的,同义词anxious,搭配:be worried about
He is worried about his exam.
所以:surprised = shocked = astonished
18.The weather(天气) is a constant (不断发生的、不变的)subject (主题)of conversation(谈话) in Britain(英国). (answer: D)
A. question: 问题、疑问、询问,常见的搭配:an open question未解决的问题、允许公开争论的问题
B. problem问题、难题,solve a problem解决问题;
C. title 名称、题目、标题、头衔
D. topic话题、主题
19.This is not typical (典型的、有代表性的)of English, but is a feature (特点、特征)of the Chinese language. (answer: B)
A. particular:个别的、特别的、挑剔的,如:his particular problems他的个人问题; particular importance特别的重要; she’s very particular about her clothes. (她对她的衣服很挑剔。),副词:particularly = especially
B. characteristic: 典型的,常见搭配:be characteristic of = be typical of
C. remarkable: 不同寻常的、出类拔萃的,同义词:unusual = exceptional = extraordinary
D. idiomatic: 来自于idiom习语、成语;idiomatic符合语言或方言的特点的
20.It is virtually (几乎)impossible(不可能) to persuade(劝说) him to apply for(申请) the job. (answer: B)
A. simply:简单地、仅仅 I bought the house simply because it was very big.
B. almost几乎、差不多。 She is almost 40 years old.
C. totally = completely = entirely 完全地、全部地
D. completely = totally
补充:persuade sb to do sth劝说某人做某事
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