2017中考必背英语单词：容易混淆的动词
英语词汇“join”和“take part in”都有“参加……”的意思，大家知道他们的具体用法么?下面是小编给大家整理的中考中常见的易混淆英语词汇，希望能帮到大家!
[考试说明] 了解及物动词和不及物动词用法;掌握动词不定式作宾语、宾语补足语、状语以及疑问词连用构成不定式短语的基本用法;理解动词不定式作主语和定语的用法;初步掌握延续性动词和瞬间动词在用法上的区别等。
1. join & take part in
[误] He joined the League for two years.
[正] He joined the League two years ago.
[正] He has been in the League for two years.
[正] He has been a League member for two years.
join指“参加”组织，成为一个成员，join sb.意思是“加入某人”，take part in指参加活动特别是大的运动;如指“参加…多长时间”就要用延续动词be in或be a …member，而不能用join。
2. borrow & lend & keep
[误] She has lent me the book for a week.
[正] She lent me the book a week ago.
[正] It’s a week since she lent me the book.
borrow和lend是短暂性动词，在肯定句里不和表示一段时间的.状语连用，keep延续动词，可与表示一段时间的状语连用。 borrow意思是“借(进)”，后面跟介词from，lend意思是“借(出)”，后面跟介词to，lend也可用于某些成语中，如lend sb. a hand。
3. come & be here
[误] He has come here for three hours.
[正] He came here three hours ago.
[正] He has been here for three hours.
come是瞬间动词，不是延续性动词，在肯定句中不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。而要与表示一段时间的状语连用，就要用延续动词。 与此同类的还有borrow/lend-keep; join-be in/at; die-be dead; buy-have; leave-be away,etc.
4. cost & take & spend & pay
[误] I cost a lot of time to read stories.
[正] It cost me a lot of time to read stories.
[正] I spent a lot of time reading stories.
cost除了钱的花费以外，还能表示时间上的花费，但常用物做主语。spend句子主语是人，可指花费时间和金钱，但后面的动词要用-ing形式，后面也可跟名词短语，介词用on。pay句子主语是人，常与for连用，buy也常与for连用，但花费“钱”要放在介词for后面，而pay则放在介词for前面。
5. lie & lay & lain
[误] She laid down the book and laid in bed.
[正] She laid down the book and lay in bed.
lie有两个意思，一个是“说谎”，过去式和过去分词是在词尾加-d;另一个是“躺，卧;位于”，是不规则动词，其过去式和过去分词是lay、lain，现在分词是lying。 lay意思是“放;孵(蛋)”，其过去式和过去分词是laid、laid。
6. be made in & be made of & be made from & be made up of
[误] The table is made from wood.
[正] The table is made of wood.
be made in意思是“由……生产”，强调产地;be made of意思是“用……制成”，强调从成品上能看出原料，制成物没改变原料的本质;be made from意思也是“用……制成”，强调从制成物上看不出原料，制成物已改变原料的本质;be made up of意思是“由……构成或组成”，指人或物都可，指结构成分。
7. stop to do & stop doing
[误] He was too tired, so he stopped having a rest.
[正] He was too tired, so he stopped to have a rest.
[误] Look! The teacher is coming. We must stop to talk.
[正] Look! The teacher is coming. We must stop talking.
stop to do意思是“停下(正做的事)(开始)去做(别的某事)”，带to的不定式在句子中作目的状语;stop doing意思“停止做某事(不做了)”，带-ing形式的动名词在句子中作宾语。
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