- 相关推荐
比较级和最高级的构成和用法归纳
比较级就是在两个之间对比:如人比狮子跑的慢。就要把里面的动词slow→slower。下面是小编整理的比较级和最高级的用法,希望能帮到大家!
比较级和最高级的构成:
①单音节形容词以及少数以er,ow结尾的形容词和副词加“er”,“est”.例如:great,greater,greatest;fast,faster,fastest;clever,cleverer,cleverest;narrow,narrower,narrowest
②以e结尾的单音节形容词和副词,以及少数以ble,ple结尾的双音节形容词和副词后,加“r”,“st”.例如:large,larger,largest;able,abler,ablest;simple,simpler,simplest
③以一个辅音字母结尾的单音节形容词,其前的元音字母发短元音时,该辅音字母要双写,然后加“er”,“est”.例如:hot,hotter,hottest;big,bigger,biggest
④以辅音字母加y结尾的形容词和少数不是形容词加ly构成的副词,要将y改为i,再加“er”,“est”.例如:easy,easier,easiest;early,earlier,earliest
⑤一般双音节词、多音节形容词和副词在原级前加more或most.例如:beautiful,more beautiful,most beautiful;carefully,more carefully,most carefully
⑥少数单音节形容词如real,glad,fond,tired,pleased等也加more和most构成比较级和最高级.例如:tired,more tired;most tired,pleased,more pleased,most pleased.
⑦下列形容词与副词的比较级和最高级有两种构成方法:
crueler cruelest oftener oftenest
cruel{ often{
more cruel most cruel more often most often
stricter strictest friendlier friendliest
strict{ friendly{
more strict most strict more friendly most friendly
⑧下列形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的构成不规则:good(well),better,best;bad(ill,badly),worse,worst;many(much),more,most;little,less,least
farther farthest
far---further---furthest
old elder/older eldest/oldest
2)两种比较级(最高级)形式用法上的差别:
older oldest
old{
elder eldest
elder和eldest主要用来表示兄弟姐妹之间的长幼关系,elder不与than连用.例如:She is the eldest of the three(sisters).(She is the eldest sister.) My elder brother is two years older than me. I am his eldest daughter(son).
farther farthest
far {
further furthest
further和furthest也是far的比较级和最高级,但现在furthest用得较少,而further除了表示距离等“较远”之外,还有“进一步”的意思.例如:No further dis-cussion is necessary.没有必要作进一步的讨论.Don’t make any changes till further notice.在另有通知之前,不要做任何变动.
later latest
late{
latter last
later指时间上的“后来;稍后”,而latter指顺序上的“后者”,与the连用.例如:See you later. Betty and Susan are both my girl friends;the former(前者)is slim(瘦)and the latter is plump(胖).
注意:latter常指一段时间的“下一半”.例如:the latter half of the month下半月.latest指时间上的“最迟的、最近的”;last指顺序上“最后的”.例如:one’s latest works某人最近的作品,the last month of the year一年的最后一个月.
C very much意为greatly(非常)时,在肯定句中使用比较广泛.
常和它一起用的词有blame(责备),praise(赞扬),thank(感谢)及一些表达感情的动词:admire(钦佩),amuse(使娱悦),approve(赞成),dislike(不喜欢),distress(使烦恼),enjoy(喜爱),impress(使有深刻印象),like(喜欢),object(反对),shock(震惊),surprise(使惊奇)等等:
Thank you very much.
非常感谢你.
They admired him very much.
他们很钦佩他.
She objects very much to the noise they make.
她非常反对他们弄出的噪音.
much(=greatly非常)可以和very连用,也可以省去very而与下列分词连用:admired(受钦佩的),amused(娱悦的),dis-liked(不受喜欢的),distressed(烦恼的), impressed(留有……印象的),liked(受喜欢的),shocked(被震惊的),struck(受巨大影响的),upset(心烦意乱的).
He was(very) much admired.
他很受人钦佩.
She was (very) much impressed by their good manners.
他们彬彬有礼,给她留下了深深的影响.
D much意为a lot(许多)时能够修饰形容词的比较级和最高级及动词:
much better好多了
much the best最最好
much more quickly快多了
much too可与形容词的原级连用:
He spoke much too fast.
他说话说得太快了.
E most放在形容词或副词之前,有“很”的意思.主要与双音节或多音节形容词/副词连用:
He was most apologetic.
他已表示十分的歉意了.
She behaved most generously.
她的行为非常慷慨大度.
A more和most的用法相当自由:
You should ride more.
你必须多骑马.
I use this room most.
这个房间我用得最多.
但当much是原级时,使用范围较小.
B much意为a lot(许多)时可修饰表示否定意思的动词:
He doesn’t ride much nowadays.
现在他不太骑马了.
在表示疑问的句子里much主要与how连用.在没有how的疑问句中可用much,但a lot更常见:
How much has he ridden?
他骑马多吗?
Has he ridden a lot/much?
他近来常骑马吗?
在肯定句中as/so/too+much是可以的.在没有as/so/too的情况下,肯定句中用a lot/a good deal/a great deal会更好:
He shouts so much that…
他叫喊的太厉害了,以至于……
I talk too much.
我说得太多了.
但是说:
He rides a lot/a great deal.
他常骑马.
【比较级和最高级的构成和用法归纳】相关文章:
英语比较级和最高级的用法归纳05-31
英语比较级和最高级的用法归纳09-23
常见比较级和最高级的用法归纳10-15
比较级和最高级的英语练习09-21
形容词的比较级和最高级08-07
常见形容词的比较级和最高级06-19
英语中形容词和副词的比较级和最高级变化09-14
德语形容词的比较级和最高级09-10
英语比较级和最高级前使用冠词的规律07-03