高考英语阅读理解素材

2023高考英语阅读理解素材

　　在高考英语考试中，向来有“得阅读者得天下”之说。为了帮助大家备考高考英语，小编分享了一些高考英语阅读理解题，希望能对大家有所帮助!

　　高考英语阅读理解素材 1

　　A holiday jet pilot(飞行员)said that he would land and call the police after a woman refused to stop smoking. He WARNED Maureen Harkavy, ―Put that cigarette(香烟)out ,or I‘ll land the plane and have you arrested(逮捕)‖

　　Maureen, 47, was so shocked she wrote to airline‘s chairman. But his reply was even ruder. ―You seem to think you have a God – given right to pollute your neighbours‘ atmosphere,‖ wrote John Ferriday of Paramount Airways. (a) Said Maureen, ―I only found out about it when I was checking in. I‘m a nervous flyer so I lit a cigarette during the flight. A stewardess(空姐)asked me to put it out, but I said I wanted to carry on as there was no rule against smoking on the plane.‖ She was just finishing her cigarette when the pilot arrived. (b) ―I‘ve never seen such an unpleasant letter,‖ she said, ―I don‘t think I‘ll ever fly again.‖ But there was a funny side. Maureen explained, ―We were offered duty – free(免税的)cigarette from the stewardess on the plane!‖ (c) Mr Ferriday went on, ―Believe me, you haven‘t Especially when you travel on my planes.‖ Maureen and her husband Michael were moved to paramount flight just before they left Portugal. But they were not told of the company‘s no smoking policy. (d) ―He was loud and rude,‖ said Maureen. ―He said if I lit another cigarette he would land the plane at Bordeaux and hand me to the French police.‖ Later, from her home in Mosely, Birmingham, Maureen wrote to company and received the rude reply.

　　1. The Second half of the story has been in wrong order. (parts a – d). Choose the rearranged order (重新排列的顺序)which you think is right.

　　A. a, c, b, d B. c, a, b, d C. c, a, d, b D. d, a, b, c

　　2. Maureen Harkavy _________on the plane. A. accepted the warning B. agreed to the warning

　　C. refused to do what she was told to

　　D. was so shocked that she wrote to the airline‘s chairman.

　　3. In the answer letter to Maureen Harkavy the airline‘s chairman_______.

　　A. made an apology to her for his worker‘s rudeness. B. made sure that he would solve the problem.

　　C. said that she had the right to smoke on his plane because the right is given by God to everyone D. actually completely agreed with what the pilot said

　　4. From the story we can see that the writer probably takes the side of _________.

　　A. the pilot B. the airline‘s chairman C. the stewardess D. Maureen Harkavy

　　答案：CCDD

　　高考英语阅读理解素材 2

　　The food we eat seems to have profound effects on our health.Although science has made enormous steps in making food more fit to eat ,it has, at the same time,made many foods unfit to eat. Some research has shown that perhaps eighty percent of all human illnesses are related to diet and forty percent of cancer is related to the diet as well,especially cancer of the colon. Different cultures are more likely to cause certain different illnesses because of the food that is characteristic in these cultures. That food is related to illness is nto a new discovery. In 1945, about 35 years ago, government researchers realized that nitrates, commonly used to preserve color in meats,and other food additivies,caused cancer. Yet, these carcinogenic additives remain in our food, and it becomes more difficult all the time to know which things on the packaging labels of processed food are helpful or harmful. The additives which we eat are not all so direct. Farmers often give penicillin to beef and living animals, and because of this ,penicillin has been found in the milk of treated cow. Sometimes similar drugs are given to animals not for medical purposes,but for financial reasons. The farmers are simply trying to fatten the animals in order to obtain a higher price on the market. Although the Food and Drug Administration(FDA) has tried repeatedly to control these procedures, the practices continue.

　　1.What is the best possible title of the passage? a.Drug and Food

　　b.Cancer and Health

　　c.Food and Health

　　d.Health and Drug

　　2.Which of the following statements is NOT ture? a.Drugs are always given to animals for medical reasons b.Some of the additives in our food are added to the food itself and some are given to the living animals

　　c.Researchers have known about the potential dangers of food additives for over thirty-five years. d.Food may cause forty percent of cancer in world. 3.How has science done something harmful to mankind? a.Because of science , diseases caused by polluted food haven been virtually eliminated.

　　b.It has caused a lack of information concerning the value of food.

　　c.Because of the application of science,some potentially harmful substances have been added to food.

　　d.The scientists have preserved the color of meats,but not of vegetables.

　　4.What are nitrates used for?

　　a.They preserve flavor in packaged foods. b.They preserve the color of meats. c.They are the objects of research.

　　d.They cause the animals to become fatter.

　　5.The word carcinogenic most nearly means _____. a.trouble-making

　　b.color-retaining

　　c.money-making

　　d.cancer-causing

　　答案：cacbd

　　高考英语阅读理解素材 3

　　The United States is on the verge of losing its leading place in the worlds technology. So says more than one study in recent years. One of the reasons for this decline is the parallel decline in the number of U.S. scientists and engineers.

　　Since 1976,employment of scientists and engineers is up 85 percent. This trend is expected to continue. However, the trend shows that the number of 22-year-olds--the near term source of future PH.D.s-is declining. Further adding to the problem is the increased competition for these candidates from other fields-law,medicine,business,etc. While the number of U.S. PH.D.s in science and engineering declines,the award of PH.D.s to foreign nationals is increasing rapidly.

　　Our inability to motivate students to pursue science and engineering careers at the graduate level is compounded because of the intense demand industry has for bright Bachelors and Masters degree holders. Too often, promising PH.D.candidates, confronting the cost and financial sacrifice of pursuing their education,find the attraction of industry irresistible.

　　1.The U.S.will come to lose its leading place in technology probably because ________.

　　a. the number of PH.D. degree holders is declining b. the number of scientists and engineers is decreasing c. the number of 22-year-ilds is declining d. scientists and engineers are not employed

　　2.The field of science and engineering is facing a competition from ________ .

　　a. technology

　　b. foreign nationals

　　c. such fields as law, medicine and business d. postgraduates

　　3.Large-scale enterprises now need _______. a. bright graduates and postgraduates b. new inventions

　　c. advanced technology

　　d. engineers

　　4.Many promising postgraduates are unwilling to pursue a PH.D. degree because _________.

　　a. they are not encouraged to be engaged in science b. industry does not require PH.D. holders c. they have financial difficulties

　　d. they will spend much time and energy completing PH.D. 5.PH.D. candidates "find the attraction of industry irresistible" means that _________.

　　a. they find industry is attracting more and more college students

　　b. they dont think they can prevent themselves from working for industry

　　c. they cannot resist any attraction from all sides d. they cannot work for industry any longer 14/200答案：bcadb

　　高考英语阅读理解素材 4

　　Water problems in the future will become nore intense and more complex. Our increasing population will tremendously increase urban wastes,primarily sewage. On the other hand, increasing demands for water will decease substantialy the amount of water available for diluting wastes. Rapidly expanding industries which involve more and more complex chemical processes will produce large volumes of liquid wastes, and many of these will contain chemicals which are noxious. To feed our rapidly expanding population, agriculture will have to be intensified. This will involve ever-increasingquantities of agricultural chemicals, From this , it is apparent that drastic steps must be taken immediately to develop corrective measures for the pollution problem.

　　There are two ways by which this pollution problem can be dwindled. The first relates to the treatment of wastes to decrease their pollution hazard. This involves the processing of solid wastes "prior to " disposal and the treatment of liquid wastes, or efflunets,to permit the reuse of the water or minimize pollution upon final disposal.

　　A second approach is to develop an economic use for all or a part of the wastes. Farm manure is spread in fields as a nutrient or organic supplement . Effluents from sewage disposal plants are used in some areas both for irrigation and for the nutrients contained. Efflunets from other processing plants may also be used as a supplemental source of water. Many industries, such as meat and poultry processing plants, are currently converting former waste products into marketable byproducts. Other industries are potential eonomic uses for waste products.

　　1.The purpose of this passage is ______.

　　a.to alert the reader to the dwindling water supply b.to explain industrial uses of water

　　c.to acquaint the reader with water pollution problems d.to demostrate various measures to solve the pollution problem

　　2.Which of the following points is NOT INCLUDED in the passage?

　　a.In dustrial development incudes the simplification of complex chemical processes.

　　b.Diluting wastes needs certain amount of water

　　c.Demands for water will go up along with the expanding population

　　d.Intensive cultivation of land requires more and more chemicals

　　3.The reader can conclued that________. a.countries of the world will work together on polution problems

　　b.byproducts from wastes lead to a more prosperous marketplace

　　c.science is making great progress on increasing water supplies

　　d.some industries are now ,aking economic use of wastes 4.The author gives substance to the passage through the use of _______.

　　a.interviews with authorities in the field of water controls b.opinions and personal observations c.definitions which clarify important terms d.strong arguments and persuasions

　　5.The words "prior to "(para.2) probably mean______. a.after

　　b.during

　　c.before

　　d.beyond

　　19/200答案:cadbc

　　高考英语阅读理解素材 5

　　There are two factors which determine an individuals intelligence. The first is the sort of brain he is born with. Human brains differ considerably, some being more capable than others. But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an individual will have a low order of intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn. So the second factor is what happens to the individual—the sort of environment in which he is reared. If an individual is handicapped envionmentally ,it is likely that his brain will fail to develop and he will never attain the level of intelligence of which he is capable.

　　The importance of environment in determining an individuals intellingence can be demonstrated by the case history of the identical twins, Peter and Mark X. Being identical, the twins had identical brains at birth, and their growth processes were the same. When the twins were three months old , their parents died, and they were placed in separate foster homes. Peter was reated by parents of low intelligence in an isolatedcommunity with poor educational pooprtunities.Mark was reared inthe home of well-to-do parents who had been to college. He was read to as a child , sent to good schools, and given every opportunity to be stimulated intellectually.This enviromental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens, when they were giben tesets to measure their intelligence. Marks I.Q. was 125, twenty-five points higher than the average and fully forty points higher than his identical brother. Given equal opportunities , the twins , having identical brains,would have tested at roughly the same level.

　　1.This selection can best be titled_________. a.Measuring Your Intelligence b.Intelligence and Environment c.The Case of Peter and Mark

　　d.How the brain Influences Intelligence

　　2.The beststatement of the main idea of this passage is that _____.

　　a.human brains differ considerably

　　b.the brain a person is born with is improtant in determining his intelligence

　　c.environment is crucial in determining a persons intelligence

　　d. persons having identical brains will have roughly the same intelligence

　　3.According to the passage , the average I.Q.is _____. a.85

　　b.100

　　c.110

　　d.125

　　4.The case history of the twins appears to support the conclusion that _______.

　　a.individual with identical brains seldom test at same level b.an individuals intelligence is determined only by his enviroment

　　c.lack of opportunity blocks the growth of intelligence d.changes of enviroment produce changes in the structure of the brain

　　5.This passage suggests that an individual s I.Q.______. a.can be predicted at birth

　　b.stays the same throuthout his life c.can be increased by education d.is determined by his childhood

　　答案：bcbcc

　　高考英语阅读理解素材 6

　　Today ,as in every other day of the year ,more than 3000 U.S. adlescents will smoke their first cigarette on their way to becoming regular smokers as adults. During their lifetime,it can be expected that of these 3000 about 23 will be murdered,30 will die in traffic accidents, and nearly 750 will be killed by a smoking-related disease. The number of deaths attributed to cigarette smoking outweithts all other factors, whether voluntary or involuntary, as a cause of death.

　　Since the late 1970s, when daily smoking among high school seniors reached 30 precent , smoking rates among youth have declined . While the decline is impressive ,several important issues must be raised.

　　First, in the past several years,smoking rates among youth have declined very little. Second,in the late 1970s ,smoking among male high school seniors exceeded that among female by nearly 10 percent . The statistic is reversing.Third ,several recent studies have indicate high school dropouts have excessively high smoking rates, as much as 75 percent .

　　Finally, thouth significant declines in adolescent smoking have occurred in the past decade,no definite reasons for the decline exist. Within this context,the Naional Cancer Instiute (NCI) began its current effort to determine the most effecive measures to reduce smoking levesl among youth.

　　1.According to the author, the deaths among youth are mainly caused by _____.

　　a.traffic accidents

　　b.smoking-related desease c.murder

　　d.all of these

　　2.Every day there are over_____high school strdents who will become regular smoker.

　　a.75 b.23 c.30 d.3000

　　3.By "dropout" the author means______. a.students who failed the examination b.students who left school c.students who lost their way

　　d.students who were driven out of school

　　4.The reason for declining adolescent smoking is that ________.

　　a.NCI has taken effective measures

　　b.smoking is prevented among high school seniors c.there are many smokers who have died of cancer d.none of these

　　5.What is implied but not stated by the author is that ________. a.smoking rates among youth have declined very little b.there are now more female than male smokers among high school seniors

　　c.high smoking rates are due to the incease in wealth d.smoking at high school are from low socio-economic backgrounds

　　答案：bdbdb

　　高考英语阅读理解素材 7

　　Mrs. Janes gave music lessons at a school. She had a good voice,enjoyed singing, except that some of her high tones sound like a gate that had forgotten to oil. Mrs. Janes knew her weakness well, and took every chance she could find to practise these high notes. As she lived in a small house, where she could not practise without disturbing the rest of the family, she usually went for long walks along the country roads whenever she had time and practised her high notes there. Whenever she heard a car or a person coming along the road, she stopped and waited until she could no longer be heard before she started practicing again, because she was a shy person. One afternoon, a fast, opened car came up behind her so silently and so fast that she didn’t hear it until it was only a few yards from her. She was singing some of her highest and most difficult tones at that time and as the car passed; she saw an anxious expression came over the driver’s face. He stopped his car suddenly, jumped out and began to examine all his tyres carefully. Mrs. Janes didn’t dare to tell him what the noise he had heard really was, so he got back into the car and drove off.

　　1. How did Mrs. Janes sing?

　　A. She sang well, but she didn’t practise singing hard.

　　B. She enjoyed singing, but she had a terrible voice.

　　C. She was a good singer, but she could not sing the high tones well.

　　D. She sang terribly, she was no singer at all.

　　2. Why did she go for long walks along the country roads?

　　A. Because she enjoyed the country’s fresh air.

　　B. Because she was afraid to disturb the rest of the family.

　　C. Because she lived in a small house far away.

　　D. Because she was afraid to practise the high tones.

　　3. Why did the driver stop his car suddenly and jump out of it?

　　A. Because he supposed something must have gone wrong with his car.

　　B. Because he was moved by the pretty voice of Mrs. Janes.

　　C. Because he wondered what had happened to Mrs. Janes.

　　D. Because he frightened by the terrible voice of Mrs. Janes.

　　4. Where did the noise come from?

　　A. From the small house. B. From Mrs. Janes’ voice.

　　C. From the types. D. From the engine.

　　【答案与解析】 Mrs. Janes 喜欢唱歌，但她的高音很难听，于是她就沿乡村小路在没有人的时候练习。一天，她没有注意到一辆汽车经过Mrs. Janes

　　1. C。推理判断题。根据第1段第 2 句She had a good voice and enjoyed singing, except that some of her high tones sound like a gate that had forgotten to oil(她歌唱得好，也喜欢唱，只是某些高音符听起来像忘了加油的门)可推知她是一个好歌手，只是某些高音符唱不好。故答案为C。

　　2. B。推理判断题。根据第1段倒数第 2 句As she lived in a small house, where she could not practise without disturbing the rest of the family 可知因为她住的房子很小，一练歌就打扰其他人。可推知他是怕打扰其他人。故答案为B。

　　3. A。推理判断题。根据第2段最后两句she saw an anxious expression came over the driver’s face. He stopped his car suddenly, jumped out and began to examine all his tyres carefully 司机焦急的表情和突然停车、跳出车、仔细检查轮胎一系列动作，可推知司机以为是他的车pped his car suddenly, jumped out and began to examine all his tyres carefully A。

　　4. B。推断题第2段第 2 句She was singing some of her highest and most difficult tones at that time and as the car passed可推知司机听到的.声音是Mrs. Janes 练高音符发出的声音。故答案为B。

　　高考英语阅读理解素材 8

　　Social customs and ways of behaving change. Things which were considered impolite many years ago are now acceptable. Just a few years ago, it was considered impolite behaviour for a man to smoke on street. No man who thought of himself by smoking when a lady was in a room.

　　Customs also differ from country to country. Does a man walk on the left or the right of a woman in your country? Or doesnt it matter? Should you use both hands when you are eating? Should leave one in your lap,or on the table?

　　The Americans and the British not only speak the same language but also share a large number of social customs. For example, in both America and England people shake hands when they meet each other for the first time. Also, most Englishmen will open a door for a wonman or offer their seat to a woman , and so will most Americans. Promptness is important both in England and in America. That is , if a dinner invitation is for 7 oclock , the dinner guest either arrives close to that time or calls up to explain his delay.

　　The important thing to remember about social customs is not to do anything that might make other people feel uncomfortable-----especially if they are your guests. When the food was served , one of the guests strated to eat his peas with a knife . The other guests were amused or shocked , but the host calmly picked up his knife and began eating in the same way. It would have been bad manners to make his guest feel foolish or uncomfortable.

　　1.If one has accepted a dinner invitation ,what should he do if he is tobe late for the dinner?

　　a.He should find an excuse

　　b.He should adk for excuse.

　　c.He should say sorry

　　d.He should telephone to explain his being late.

　　2."It would have been bad manners to make his guests feel foolish or uncomfortable." "Bad manners " means ________.

　　a.ugly

　　b.dishonest

　　c.impolite

　　d.shameful

　　3.which of the following do you think is the best tiltle for this passage?

　　a.Social Customs and Customs b.Social Life

　　c.American and British Customs d.Promptness Is Important

　　4.According to the text, the best host_______. a.tries his best to make his guests feel comfortable b.makes his guests feel excited

　　c.tries to avoid being naughty to his guests d.tries to avoid being foolish

　　5.The author of this article may agree with which of the following?

　　a.The guest who ate his peas with a knife b.The other guests who were amused or shocked

　　c.The host who picked up his knife and began eating in the same way

　　d.None of the above

　　答案：dcaac