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口译学习:汉译英中翻译复杂句子的方法
因为语言文化的不同,一些复杂句子的翻译给很多翻译人员造成了困扰。下面是小编搜集整理的翻译复杂的中文句子的方法,希望能帮到大家!
“每一个人,作为社会的一个成员,有权享受其人格和尊严的自由发展所必需的社会、经济、文化权利,这些权利是通过国家努力和国际合作来实现的,并且与所在国家的组织、资源、现状相一致。”
对于这种比较复杂的中文句子,在正式翻译成英文句子之前,应当按照它的含义,将它划分成不同的部分,以便我们确定英文句子的结构。我首先将这个中文句子划分成6个部分,请特别注意,第4部分嵌套在第3部分中间。
①每一个人,②作为社会的一个成员,③有权享受 [④其人格和尊严的自由发展所必需的] 社会、经济、文化权利,⑤这些权利是通过国家努力和国际合作来实现的,⑥并且与所在国家的组织、资源、现状相一致。
这样划分之后,我初步决定,将第4、5、6部分翻译成三个定语从句,用来修饰第3部分的最后一个单词rights,请看:
①Everyone
②as a member of society
③is entitled to the social, economic and cultural rights
④which are necessary to the unrestrained development of his/her personality and dignity
⑤which are realized through national effort and international cooperation
⑥which are concordant with the organization, resources and situation of each country.
不过,在英语中,通常是一个定语从句修饰一个名词,很少有三个定语从句修饰一个名词,因此我临时决定,将第4部分改写成一个短语,将第5、6部分合并成一个定语句子,请看:
①Everyone
②as a member of society
③is entitled to the social, economic and cultural rights
④necessary to the unrestrained development of his/her personality and dignity
⑤which are realized through national effort and international cooperation and concordant withthe organization, resources and situation of each country.
最后,将这5个部分组合起来,就是这个中文句子的英文译文。
Everyone, as a member of society, is entitled to the social, economic and cultural rightsnecessary to the unrestrained development of his/her personality and dignity, which arerealized through national effort and international cooperation and concordant with theorganization, resources and situation of each country.
另外,LT论坛的ptbptb网友另提供的一个版本如下:
Everyone, as a member of society, has the right to social security and is entitled torealization, through national effort and international co-operation and in accordance with theorganization and resources of each State, of the economic, social and cultural rightsindispensable for his dignity and the free development of his personality.
附: 做口译笔记时的注意事项
1.口译笔记应记要点,切忌求记“全”。口译笔记是记忆的延伸或补充,不应也不必取代记忆。口译笔记的主要内容是概念、命题、名称、数字、组织机构和逻辑关系(如大小、先后、正反、上下、升降、因果关系等),笔记单位以表达意群的词语和符号为主。
2.口译笔记求快求精,但不可潦草。
3.口译笔记可使用来源语,也可使用目标语,也可以双语兼用。只要有利于口译的准确性和流利性,不必拘泥于某种文字或符号。例如,“联合国大会”可笔录为“UN”或“联大”。
4.口译笔记使用大量常见略语,例如:cf(compare), Co(company), eg(for example), etc(and soon), esp(especially), ie(that is), max(maximum), min(minimum), ref(reference), std(standard),usu(usually),等。
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