英语二级口译真题及答案
翻译专业人才在我国经济发展和社会进步中起着非常重要的作用，特别是在吸收引进外国的先进科技知识和加强国际交流与合作方面，翻译是桥梁和纽带。下面是小编分享的英语二级口译考试试题及答案，希望能帮到大家!
Part 2 Chinese to English Interpreting
Passage 1
最近几年来，中国经济增长速度放慢，为了解决这一问题，2015年，中国政府推行了供给侧改革，国际社会对此十分关注，但是也出现了一些的误解，中国为什么会推出这一政策。
In recent years, the Chinese economy is slowing down. To address this issue, the Chinese government rolled out the reform on the supplying side in 2015. The reform, while receiving much attention from the international community, also aroused some misunderstandings. Why did China enforce this policy?
知识点：
rolled out是一个比较口语的说法，也可以说enforce.
在这里我想强调，中国政府推行的供给侧改革和上个世纪80年代，美国和英国搞的供济侧经济学是完全不一样的。美国推行供给测经济学的主要作法是大规律减税，英国的供给测经济学的作法是对国有企业进行私有化。而中国推行的供给测改革，所要解决的问题和手段完全不同。
Here I want to emphasize that the current reform China takes on its supplying side is completely different from the supplying side economics carried out in U.S and Great Britain in the 1980s. One of the major measures for American reform is to have great tax reductions, while Britain is privatizing the state-owned enterprises. For China, however, the goals and measures of the reform are totally different.
知识点：
文中出现了很多“供给侧改革”或者与之相关的说法，翻译时需要注意，如果上下文指代清楚，可以省略或者简化为““改革”或者“措施”，既可以提高效率，又能使译文简练，可听性高。
中国当前经济增长面临的一大问题所有生产领域内都存在产能过剩的问题， 钢铁和煤炭行业尤为突出。 2015年，中国的钢铁产量超过8亿吨，煤产量接近40亿吨，都远远大于需求，这导致这两个行业亏损严重。占用了大量的能源和资源，削减了总体效益。 但另一方面，中国又存在有效供给严重不足的问题。比如，消费者需要高端和高质量的消费品，但国内又满足不了，结果出现大量国内消费者到国外购物，买电饭锅，甚至抽水马桶的现象。仅2015年一年，中国消费者在海外花了2000多亿美元购买消费品。
One of the outstanding problems facing the Chinese economic growth is the overcapacity in practically every sector of industry, particularly in steel and coal.
In 2015, the volume of steel and iron exceeded 800 million tons and coal production is close to 4 billion tons. Both are far greater than the demand. The overproduction lead to serious losses in the two industries and high consumption of resource and energy. Hence it affects the overall economic benefit. On the other hand, China also suffers from grave insufficiency of effective supply. For instance, the domestic consumers demands higher-end quality goods, which can hardly be provided within the country. Therefore, many Chinese consumers turn to the goods overseas. Their shopping list includes electric cookers and even toilet bowls. In 2015 alone, Chinese people’s expenditure on overseas merchandize amounts to more than 200 billion US dollars.
知识点：
1.“结果出现大量国内消费者到国外购物，买电饭锅，甚至抽水马桶的现象”这个句子不适合连起来翻译，否则给人感觉这些消费者仅仅买了两样商品，因此需要稍微调整一下。
2.仅2015年一年，中国消费者在海外花了2000多亿美元购买消费品:这个句子可以用消费者做主语，但由于处于句尾，也可以考虑文中的译法，显得紧凑。
因此中国推进供给侧改革就是要减少过剩产能，同时增加有效供给。今后5年内，中国将减少钢铁生产能力1.5亿吨，减少煤炭生产能力5亿吨。同时，中国政府推出了一系列措施鼓励企业创新，生产消费者所需要的高端产品，今年在这方面投入的`资金将超过500亿美元。中国政府也将积极增加在医疗，教育，养老，旅游等方面的有效供给，我确信，采取这些措施，中国的经济就可以更加长期稳定的发展。
In this light, China’s reform on supplying side is to slash the overcapacity and increase effective supply. In the coming five years, China will cut the producing capacity of steel by 150 million tons and coal by 500 million tons. At the same time, the Chinese government will take a series of measures to encourage the innovation of the Chinese enterprises. With regard to the production of higher-end products in response to the need of the consumers, the government will invest more than 50 billion U.S dollars. In the meantime, the government will also provide effective supply in the areas of education, health, senior pensions and tourism. I am convinced that these measures will secure Chinese economy with a stable and long term development.
知识点：
今后5年内，中国将减少钢铁生产能力1.5亿吨，减少煤炭生产能力5亿吨。减少一词译法很丰富，但如果结构一致，不必换很多的动词。
Passage 2
人和自然构成了世界，人是自然孕育的精华，自然是人类生存的环境，人类如果对自然进行破坏式的利用和改造，自然也必然还给人类报复性的惩罚。。自从世界大规模的工业化以来，人类生产的物质物质财富前所未有地增长，同时，自然资源和生态环境受到了前所未有地破坏。历史和现实告诉我们，人类必须自觉地与自然友好相处。人的发展必须与生态的发展平衡共进。
Man and nature are all part of the world we live in. Man is the great achievement of nature while nature provides the surroundings in which man lives. Friendly and harmonious coexistence between man and nature is the prerequisite for the sustainable development of human society. If man should exploit and transform nature in a destructive way, nature will inevitably respond in kind. Since the dawn of large-scale industrialization in the world, material wealth created by man has been growing at an unprecedented speed while havoc never seen before has been wrecked to our ecological environment as well as natural resources. History and reality warns us that man must conscientiously strive to live in harmony with nature and our development must be pursued in parallel with ecological improvement.
平衡推进经济发展、社会进步、环境保护是实现可持续发展的关键。我们要坚持在发展中保护、在保护中发展,把良好生态环境作为公共产品向全民提供。各国实践表明,经济发展与环境保护的矛盾并非不可调和,关键要有科学发展、绿色发展的思路。尊重自然、顺应自然、保护自然,努力走出一条生产发展、生活富裕、生态良好的文明发展道路。
The key to sustainable development lies in balanced economic and social development and environmental protection. We must persist in pursuing economic growth and environmental protection at the same time in a bid to provide a sound environment as a public good to our people and build a modernized China enjoying ecological progress. The experience of various countries has shown that the needs for economic development and for environmental protection are not necessarily irreconcilable as long as a rational and green development approach is pursued. We must respect and protect nature, follow its course, and find a sustainable path of development characterized by enhanced production, prosperous life and sound environment.
知识点：
1.我们要坚持在发展中保护、在保护中发展,把良好生态环境作为公共产品向全民提供: We must persist in pursuing economic growth and environmental protection at the same time in a bid to provide a sound environment as a public good to中文常常存在这种两件事物互为因果的结构，翻译时容易不伦不类，参考译文的处理方式值得借鉴。
2.努力走出一条生产发展、生活富裕、生态良好的文明发展道路。find a sustainable path of development characterized by enhanced production, prosperous life and sound environment.这个句子的精华在于characterized by，如果修饰成为过多，过重，一般不使用with,而是用一个分词与修饰词连接，显得比较符合英语习惯。
我们现在面对的是一个已经遭到破坏的自然。“亡羊补牢,犹为未晚。”面对不断恶化的生态环境,我们必须及时采取补救措施。瑞士日内瓦湖曾受过严重污染,经过积极治理和严格保护,今天变成了阿尔卑斯山脉的一颗自然明珠。本世纪以来,中国大力实施退耕还林工程,2500多万公顷的荒地、山地重新披上了绿装。这就启示我们,当前应将生态环境修复作为重大基础工程,摆在经济社会发展的突出位置来抓。
We live in a damaged natural environment, but as we say in China, it is never too late to make amends. We must take timely remedial measures to address the deteriorating environment. The Geneva Lake in Switzerland, which was once heavily polluted and which now shines like a pearl of the Alpes thanks to active treatment and strict protection. China started to vigorously implement the project of restoring farmland to forests at the beginning of the 21st century and now more than 25 million hectares of wasteland and hillsides are covered by vegetation. These examples tell us that environmental rehabilitation should now be a basic key project and figure prominently in our economic and social development.
知识点：
本世纪以来,中国大力实施退耕还林工程,2500多万公顷的荒地、山地重新披上了绿装。这种带比喻的表达可以考虑简译。
这就启示我们,当前应将生态环境修复作为重大基础工程,摆在经济社会发展的突出位置来抓。此处的“来抓”可以省略，或者理解为“加以强调”，不必出现人称，否则显得比较冗赘。
但过度开发和低效利用是生态环境恶化的重要根源。据联合国粮农组织统计,全球粮食在生产、流通和消费环节每年浪费13亿吨,无效耗用的水资源相当于伏尔加河年流量的3倍,排放的温室气体达33亿吨。通过改革推动生态资源利用方式的全面转变,通过制度和技术创新实现节约型的生产和消费,是当前各国面临的紧迫任务。
Over-exploitation and inefficient utilization, however, is a major cause of environmental degradation. According to the statistics of the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization, the 1.3 billion tons of food wasted every year during production, circulation and consumption guzzles up a volume of water three times the annual flow of Russia's Volga River and is responsible for 3.3 billion tons of greenhouse gas emissions. It has thus become a pressing task facing all countries to transform the model of ecological resources utilization through reform and achieve conserving production and consumption through institutional and technological innovation.
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