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考研英语寒假备考攻略
词汇部分：
221.If you don’t mind , I________ listen to pop songs than to jazz.
A) would rather
B) would prefer
C) would like
D) feel like
222.I believe reserves of coal here are________ to last for fifty years.
A) efficient
B) sufficient
C) persistent
D) rich
223.It took him several months to________ the wild horse.
A) tend
B) cultivate
C) tame
D) breed
224.The twins are so much________ that it sis difficult to tell one from the other.
A) similar
B) same
C) like
D) alike
225.The photo________ happy memories of my early childhood.
A) refreshes
B) brings to mind
C) stimulates
D) reminds
226.I need a book dealing________ anti-pollution problems.
A) about
B) on
C) with
D) to
227.He has been asked to account________ his absence.
A) of
B) on
C) about
D) for
228.These are the first steps________ the abolition of nuclear weapons.
A) of
B) towards
C) into
D) during
229.The people who objected to the new approach were told that since work had already started there was no point in________ .
A) protesting
B) denying
C) upsetting
D) competing
230.There are many things whose misuse is dangerous, but it is hard to think of anything that can be compared________ tobacco products.
A) in
B) with
C) among
D) by
231.Grace________ tears when she heard that her husband had been injured in an accident.
A) broke in
B) broke off
C) broke into
D) broke out
232.She refused to________ the car keys to her husband until he had promised to wear his safety belt.
A) hand in
B) hand out
C) hand down
D) hand over
233.Michael found it difficult to get his British jokes________ to American audiences.
A) around
B) on
C) across
D) down
234.Jack is________ about his chances of winning a gold medal at the Olympics next year.
A) optimistic
B) optional
C) obvious
D) outstanding
235.Nowadays advertising costs are no longer in reasonable________ to the total cost of the product.
A) proportion
B) correlation
C) connection
D) correspondence
236.When she saw the clouds she went back to the house to________ her umbrella.
A) carry
B) fetch
C) bring
D) reach
237.We must________ that the experiment is controlled as rigidly as possible.
A) assure
B) secure
C) ensure
D) issue
238.He was knocked down by a car and badly________ .
A) injured
B) damaged
C) harmed
D) wounded
239.Tropical diseases are comparatively________ in Britain.
A) scarce
B) minor
C) slight
D) rare
240.You must obtain________ from the authorities to fish in this river.
A) permit
B) permission
C) right
D) freedom
语法部分：
111. It was just in the room _____ he was born _____ he died.
A. where, which B. that, that
C. where, that D. which, that
112. Was it five o’clock ______the fire broke out?
A. when B. that
C. which D. in which
113. “Was it under the tree _____ you were away talking to a friend?” “Sure. But when I got back there, the bike was gone.
A. that B. where
C. which D. while
114. It’s more than half a century _____ my grandfather joined the Party and became a servant to the people.
A. when B. that
C. since D. while
115. It was lack of money, not of effort, _____ defeated their plan.
A. which B. as
C. that D. what
116. It is the protection for the trees _______ really matters, rather than how many trees are planted.
A. what B. that
C. 不填 D. which
117. It is _____ my father worked _____ I work now.
A. where, that B. where, when
C. that, where D. that, that
118. Was _____ that I saw last night at the concert?
A. it you B. not you
C. you D. that you
119. It was ten o’clock _____ he came back home.
A. when B. that
C. since D. after
120. It was not until he came back _____ he knew the police were looking for him.
A. which B. since
C. that D. before
答案：
词汇部分
221.答案A.would/had rather do A(than do B)“宁愿……（而不愿）（如He would rather listen to others than talk himself;I’d rather have the red one than the green one;I’d rather deal with a man than with a woman;I’d rather you knew that now than afterwards;Rather than get money in such a dishonest way,he would beg in the streets.）（从以上各例句不难看出：than前后所比较的成分必须对等，可以是动词不定式、名词或介词短语）prefer vt.”更喜欢，宁愿“（句型：prefer A to B;prefer doing A to doing B;prefer to do A do B）would like”愿意，希望“（句型：would like sth/-ing/to-V/sb to-V）feel like sth/-ing“感到想”
222.答案B.sufficient(for/to-V) adj.“足够的，充分的”efficient adj.“效率高的，有能力的”△persistent adj.（定语或表语）“持续的，顽强存在的；坚持不懈的，执意的”rich adj.“富有的，有钱的；富饶的，丰富的(in)；肥沃的”
223.答案C.tame vt.“驯服，制服”tend vt.“照管，照看，照料；护理”cultivate vt.“培养，陶冶（情操）；耕作，种植”breed vt.“饲养，繁殖”
224.答案D.alike adj.“同样的，想象的”（只作表语）similar(to) adj.“类似，相似”same adj.“相同的，一样的”（必须与定冠词连用）like adj.（表语或定语）“相像的，相同的”
225.答案B.bring sth to mind“使回想起”（如The story you have just told brings to mind a strange thing that once happened to me.）refresh vt.“使精神振作，使精力恢复；使记起”（以人作主语，常说refresh sb’s memory）stimulate vt.“刺激，激励”remind vt.“使想起，提醒”（句型：remind sb of/about sth;remind sb to-V;remind sb that…;remind的主语可以是人或事物，但宾语必须是人）
226.答案C.deal with “论述，涉及；处理；与……打交道；和……做买卖”（后面不跟其它三个介词）
227.答案D.account for“解释，说明（原因，钱是怎么花的）；是造成……的原因；占（多大比例）”（如He could’t account for his absence from school;He was unable to account for the deficit in the firm’s bank balance;Late frosts accounted for the poor fruit-crop;Women account for half of the population.）(后面不跟其他三个介词)
228.答案B.a step towards“迈向……的一步”（后面一般不跟其它三个介词）
229.答案A.protest (against) vin.“抗议，反对”（句型：to protest to sb against sth;to make/enter/lodge a protest against sth;in protest against“抗议”；without protest“乖乖地，毫无反对表示地”；do sth under protest“不情愿地”）deny vt.“否认，不承认；拒绝给予”upset vt.“打翻，弄翻；使心烦意乱，使苦恼”compete(with/against sb in sth for sth)vi.“竞争，比赛”
230.答案B.compare with“比较，对照；（能与……）相比较”（后面还可以跟to ,但不跟其它三个介词）
231.答案C.break into “突然……起来”（break into tears/laughter/applause/cheers/blossom/song/open war）;“强行进入，破门而入”（break into a house/a bank）;“打扰，打断（讲话）”（break into a discussion/a conversation）break in“闯入；插嘴”(单独用，后面不跟宾语)break off“中止，中断；断绝（关系）；停工休息”（单独用或后面跟宾语）break out“爆发；突然发生”
232.答案D.hand over “交出，移交”(hand sth over sb)hand in“交上，递交”hand out“分发，散发”hand down“把……传下去；把……传下来”
233.答案C.get…across(to sb)“把……讲清楚，让听懂，使被了解”（如He got his meaning across;get across a theory to his students;The message got across all right.）get around“（消息）传开；四处走走；回避，绕过”；(get around to sth)“找时间做某事”get on to“接着干（下一件事，谈下一个问题）”get down to sth“开始认真干某事”
234.答案A.optimistic(about)adj.“乐观的，乐观主义的；令人乐观的”（如He was optimistic about the future of mankind;There are optimistic signs for the company’s future.反义词pessimistic“悲观的”）optional adj.“可以任选的，非强制的”obvious adj.“显然的，明显的”outstanding adj.“突出的，杰出的，显著的”
235.答案A.proportion n.“比例；部分，份儿；均衡，相称”(be in proportion to“与……成比例；与……比较起来”，如payment in proportion to the work done,not in proportion to the time taken to do it;This door is narrow in proportion to its height;in the proportion with/to“与……不成比例”：The door is out of proportion with the windows;The price of the article is out of all proportion to its value.)○correlation n.“相互关系，伴随关系；关联（作用）”connection n.“关系，连接”（in connection with关于，有关，和……联系起来）correspondence n.[u]“通信，通信联系；相当，相似处”( in correspondence with)
236.答案B.fetch vt.“去拿来；请来；接回”carry vt.“携带，运载；传送，输送”bring vt.“拿来，带来”reach vt.“抵达，到达；伸手（拿）
237.答案C.ensure vt.“保证，担保“（句型：ensure sb sth;ensure sth to sb”确保某人得到“；ensure sb against”使不受“；ensure-ing/that “保证”）assured vt.“向……保证，肯定地说；使确信，使放心”（句型：assure sth;assure sb sth;assure sb of sth;assure sb that…）secure the door/locks;secure sb/a place against/from danger;后面不跟从句）issure v.“发行，颁布；出版；（使）流出，发出”（后面不跟从句）
238.答案A.injure vt.“伤害，损害，损伤”damage vt.（一般指对物体）“毁坏，损害”harm vt.“伤害，损害，危害”（可指对物体或人造成有形的或无形的、肉体的或精神上的、具体的或抽象的损害或伤害）wound vt.“使受伤，伤害”（注：injure一般指事故伤害；harm一般指有意的或无意的造成的有形的、精神的或抽象意义上的伤害；damage一般指人为ideas或自然所造成的损坏；wound一般指在战争或斗殴中造成的枪伤或刀伤，也可指对某人造成精神、荣誉或情感上的伤害）
239.答案D.rare adj.“少有的，罕见的；稀有的，难得的；稀薄的，稀疏的“scare adj.“缺乏的，不足的；稀少的，不易找到的”minor adj.“较少的，较小的，较次要的”slight adj.“轻微的，微小的；纤细的，瘦弱的”
240.答案B.permission n.[u]“允许，许可，准许”permit n.[c]“许可证，执照”right n.“权利；正确，正当”freedom n.[u]“自由”
语法部分
111. 答案：C
解析：全句为强调句，被强调成分是 in this room，where he was born 为修饰 the room 的定语从句。
112. 答案：A
解析：容易误选B，误认为这是强调句。其实，此题应选A，这不是强调句。因为在强调句中，若去掉强调句的结构词 it is [was]…that…，句子结构仍然完整，但此句不是这样，若去掉结构词，即为 Five o’clock the fire broke out，句子不完整，但若在five o’clock前加上介词at则可以，因为 at five o’clock 用作时间状语。此题选A可分析为：it 表时间，when the fire broke out 为时间状语从句，全句意为“火灾是5点钟发生的吗?”。
113. 答案：D
解析：此题很容易误选A，认为这是强调句型。其实此题应选D。做好此题的关键是正确理解上下文的语境。在此句中，it 是代词，指代 the bike，句意为：“当你离开去同朋友谈话的时候，你的自行车是在这树下吗?”“当然，但当我回来时，自行车就不见了。”现在反过来分析一下，假若选A，将此句判为强调句，句子即为 Was it under the tree that you were away talking to a friend? 若进一步转换为非强调句，句子则为 Under the tree while you were talking to a friend，句意显然很荒唐。
114. 答案：C
解析：容易误选B，认为这是强调句型。假若选B，将此句分析为强调句，那么若将此句还原为非强调句就应该是My grandfather joined the Party and became a servant to the people more than half a century. 很显然, 句中的 more than half a century 是一段时间，然而它修饰的谓语动词joined…became 却是两个终止性动词，这显然不合适。其实，此题应选C，属于“It is＋一段时间＋since 从句”句型，句意为“我爷爷加入党组织成为人民的公仆已有半个多世纪了”。此句的主句谓语也可以用现在完成时态(has been)，但在口语中多用一般现在时代替。
115. 答案：C
解析：容易误选A，受空格前逗号的影响，误认为这是一个非限制性定语从句，从而误选了A。其实，此题最佳答案为C，整个句子为强调句，被强调成分为 lack of money, not of effort。由于句中插入 not of effort 这一结构，干扰了许多同学对 it was lack of money that defeated their plan 这一强调句的认识和理解。
116. 选B。为强调句型，句意为“真正重要的在于保护树，而不在于种多少树”。
117. 选A，整个句子为 it was … that … 格式的强调句式，即第二空要填that；第一空填where，where my father worked 为地点状语从句，为强调句的被强调部分。句意为“我现在我父亲曾经工作过的地方工作”。
118. 选A，为强调句的一般疑问句形式，其相应陈述句为 It was you that I saw …。
119. 选A。when 表示“当……的时候”，句首的 it 表示时间，全句意为“当他回到家时，时间是10点钟。”
120. 选C。为 He didn’t know the police were looking for him until he came back 之强调形式。注意，not … until … 的强调句式通常为 It was not until … that …
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