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考研英语语法小讲:副词
副词可修饰动词、形容词、副词、介词短语及整个句子。
例句: Andrew, my father?s younger brother, will not be at the picnic, much to the family?s disappointment. (1997年第3题)
分析: 该句是简单句,其中副词much修饰介词短语to the family?s disappointment。
译文: 我父亲的弟弟安德鲁不会参加野餐,这令全家人非常失望。
副词的分类:
1. 时间副词,如now, yesterday, today, ago, then, lately, soon, shortly, immediately, finally, recently, before, tomorrow。
例句: Americans today don?t place a very high value on intellect. (选自2004年Text 4)
分析: 该句是简单句。
译文: 现在美国人不重视智力。
2. 地点副词,如here, there, above, below, downstairs, upstairs, home, somewhere, everywhere, elsewhere, down, up, anywhere等。
例句: Here is an example, which I heard at a nurses? convention, of a story which works well because the audience all shared the same view of doctors. (选自2002年Text 1)
分析: 该句是复合句,两个which引导的定语从句分别修饰an example和a story,前一个 which引导的定语从句为非限制性定语从句,起补充说明作用。
译文: 比如说,在一次护士大会上,我听到了一个能很好地发挥幽默效果的故事,因为所有的听众都对医生持有相同的看法。
3. 程度副词,如fairly, rather, very, almost, too, quite, enough, so, much。
例句: She had clearly no intention of doing any work, although she was very well paid.(1997年第34题)
分析: 该句是复合句,although后面跟的是让步状语从句。
译文: 虽然付给她的报酬丰厚,但她无意去工作。
4. 频率副词,如sometimes, often, usually, always, frequently, constantly, rarely, seldom, never, occasionally。
例句: In addition, the designer must usually select furniture or design built?in furniture, according to the functions that need to be served.
分析: 该句是简单句,其中built?in意为“内嵌式的”。在方式状语中,that need to be served为定语从句,修饰the functions。
译文: 此外,根据需要满足的功能,设计者通常必须选择家具或设计内嵌式家具。
5.方式副词,表示动作发生或进行的方式,如quickly,fast,slowly,suddenly,carefully, well, properly, roughly, angrily, rudely。
例句: You would be shocked if the inside of your bedroom were suddenly changed to look like the inside of a restaurant.
分析: 该句是复合句,if引导的从句表示与现在相反的虚拟语气。
译文: 如果你的卧室内部突然变得和饭店内部一样,你可能会大吃一惊。
6.疑问副词,如when, where, how, why, who。
例句: So where are the headlines warning of gloom and doom this time? (选自2002年Text 3)
分析: 该句是特殊疑问句。动词warn的ing形式作headlines的后置定语,表示一种主动关系。
译文: 那么这次警告人们经济萧条到来的头版新闻又在哪儿呢?
7.关系副词,如when,where,why。
例句: Yet it is hard to imagine that the merger of a few oil firms today could recreate the same threats to competition that were feared nearly a century ago in the U.S., when the Standard Oil Trust was broken up.
分析: 该句是复合句,主句是it is ha
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