2017初级翻译资格考试口译练习及答案
第一题：
中国人认为，太极是天地万物之根源。太极分为阴阳二气，阴阳二气产生木、火、土、金、水这五行。五行代表或作用于人体器官，即火对心，木对肝，土对脾胃，金对肺，水对。肾。阴阳化合而生万物，太极则代表了阴阳调和。长期以来，世界只知道中国有指南针、火药、造纸和活字印刷四大发明。
We Chinese believe that taiji is the origin of all lives on Earth. Taiji comprises yin and yang, two types of vital energy. The five elements of wood, fire, earth, metal and water derive from yin and yang. These five elements correspond to, or affect, particular human organs. That is, the element of the fire corresponds to the heart, the wood to the liver, the earth to the spleen and the stomach, the metal to the lung and the water to the kidney. The combination of yin and yang gives birth to all lives on Earth. Taiji represents the harmonious state of balance between yin and yang. For a long time, the rest of the world was only aware of China's four major inventions: the compass, gunpowder, paper-making and movable-type printing.
几乎很少有人知道中国已发现了经络的存在。经络是指人体内血气运行通路的主干与分支网络，针刺穴位散布其间。北京经络研究中心通过现代科学方法，已经证实了经络的存在。经络的发现无疑 是为《易经》和《黄帝内经》的理论提供了强有力的佐证。
Very few know about China's discovery of jingluo that exists in a human body. Jingluo is a system of internal main and collateral channels, regarded as a network of energy passages, along which acupuncture points are distributed. The existence of jingluo has been proved by using modern scientific methods at the Beijing Jingluo Research Center. The discovery of the existence of jingluo provides a strong support for the theories advanced in The Book of Changes and Huang Di's Classic of Internal Medicine.
第二题：
鲁菜通常较咸，汁色普遍较浅。鲁菜注重选料，精于刀工，善于炊技。作为我国北方菜系的代表，鲁菜烹饪技术广泛用于明清两代的宫廷菜。川菜选料范围大，调味及炊技变化多样。据统计，川菜的品种在五千种以上。川菜最大的特点是口味重，以麻辣著称。
Shandong cuisine is generally salty, with a prevalence of light-colored sauces. The dishes feature choice of materials, adept technique in slicing and perfect cooking skills. Shandong cuisine is representative of northern China's cooking and its technique has been widely absorbed by the imperial dishes of the Ming (1368-1644) and Qing (1644 - 1911) dynasties. Sichuan cuisine features a wide range of materials, various seasonings and different cooking techniques. Statistics show that the number of Sichuan dishes has surpassed 5,000. With a rich variety of strong flavors, Sichuan food is famous for its numerous varieties of delicacies, dominated by peppery and chili flavors and best known for being spicy-hot.
最难归类的粤菜强调轻炒浅煮，选料似乎不受限制。粤菜源于明清，在发展过程中不仅吸收借鉴了中国北方烹调和西餐烹调的精华，同时也保持了自己的传统特色。扬州菜以江苏省境内的扬州、南京、苏州等地的`地方菜式为基础之大成。扬州菜注重选料的原汁原味，在菜的装饰上讲究形态的艺术性和颜色的鲜艳性，扬州菜实际上糅合了南北菜系之精华。也有人以八个字来归纳这四大菜系的口味特点，即“南淡北咸，东甜西辣”。
Cantonese cuisine, the hardest to categorize, emphasizes light cooking with seemingly limitless range of ingredients. Cantonese cuisine took shape in the Ming and Qing dynasties. In the process of its development, it has borrowed the culinary essence of northern China and of the Western-style food, while maintaining its traditional local flavor. Yangzhou cuisine bases itself largely on the three local cooking styles of Yangzhou, Nanjing and Suzhou, all within Jiangsu Province. While emphasizing the original flavors of well-chosen materials, it features carefully selected ingredients, also, the artistic shape and bright colors of the dishes and more ornamental value. Yangzhou cuisine is essentially a combination of the best elements of northern and southern cooking. According to some others, the characteristic flavors of China’s four major cuisines can be summed up in the following expression: “The light southern (Canton) cuisine, and the salty northern (Shangdong) cuisine; the sweet eastern (Yangzhou) cuisine, and the spicy western (Sichuan) cuisine.”
第三题：
我们应该尊重和维护世界文明的多样性。各国文明的多样性，是人类社会的基本特征，也是推动世界文明进步的重要动力。当今世界拥有60亿人口，200多个国家和地区，2500多个民族，5000多种语言。各个国家和地区，无论是历史传统、宗教信仰和文化背景，还是社会制度、价值观念和发展程度，往往存在这样那样的差异，整个人类文明也因此而交相辉映、多姿多彩。
We should respect and maintain the diversity of the world's civilizations. The diverse civilizations are a hallmark of human society and an important driving force behind human progress. Our world today has over 6 billion inhabitants living in more than 200 countries and regions. They break down into over 2,500 ethnic groups and speak more than 5,000 different languages. Be it historical tradition, faith and culture, or social system, values and level of development, those countries or regions are often different from one another. It is these differences that make our planet dazzling, colorful and bustling with life.
这种文明的多样性是在历史长河中形成的，并将长期存在下去。中国古代思想家孔子曾说过，“万物并育而不相害，道并行而不相悖”。我们应该充分尊重各国文明的多样性，而不应人为歧视或贬低他国文明;应该鼓励各种文明在对话交流中相互借鉴、取长补短，而不应相互隔绝和相互排斥;应该倡导各种文明在相互包容、求同存异中共同发展，而不应强求一律、强加于人。
Such diversity is a legacy of history and will stay with us into the future. The ancient Chinese thinker Confucius once said, "All living creatures grow together without harming one another; ways run parallel without interfering with one another." Instead of harboring bias against or deliberately belittling other civilizations, we should give full respect to the diversity of civilizations. Instead of shutting each other out in mutual exclusion, we should encourage dialog and exchange between civilizations so that they can learn from each other in mutual emulation. Instead of demanding uniformity and imposing one's will on others, we should promote common development of all civilizations in the course of mutual tolerance and seeking agreement while shelving differences.
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