大学英语AB级重点语法结构复习
A. very, that B. so, that C. such, as D. enough, as
4) . He always thinks I’m wrong, _____________I may say.
A. no matter whatever B. whatever C. what D. that
5) Not until I began to work __________how much time I had wasted.
A. didn’t I realize B. did I realize
C.I didn’t realize D. I realized
(八) 虚拟语气
在下列表示具有请求、建议、愿望、命令等主观意向的动词、形容词、名词、过去分词等之后的从句中，需用虚拟语气。形式是“should+动词原形”或者省去“should”, 直接用动词原形。
1. 虚拟语气用于宾语从句
常用动词有：一个坚持(insist);
两个命令(order, command);
四项要求(demand, desire, require, request);
四条建议(advise, suggest, propose, recommend)。
1)The guard at the gate insisted that everyone __________ the rules.
A. obeys B. obey C. will obey D. would obey
2) He ordered that the medicine (should) be sent by a special plane. 他命令用专机来运送药品。
2. 用于主语从句
常用形容词：necessary, important, essential, desirable, advisable, imperative(迫切的), urgent, preferable, vital, insistent, crucial(紧要关头), strange(不可思议的)
常用的分词：suggested, proposed, demanded, required, requested，desired, ordered, recommended, insisted, asked, resolved等
1)、It is vital that enough money____ to fund the project.
A)be collected B)must be collected
C)is collected D)can be collected
2)、It is recommended that the project ____ until all the preparations have been made.
A)is not started B)will not be started
C)is not to be started D)not be started
3. 虚拟语气用于表语从句和同位语从句
常见的名词有：suggestion, advise, proposal, order, decision, request, requirement, necessity, desire, demand, idea, motion, necessity, insistence, instruction, plan, preference, recommendation, resolution
1) My suggestion is that we (should) send a few people to help the other group.
我的建议是我们派几个人去帮相别的小组。
2) This was his order that we stay where we were.
4 虚拟语气用于状语从句
1)_____ before we depart the day after tomorrow, we should have a wonderful dinner party.
A. Had they arrived B. Were they arriving
C. Would they arrive D. Were they to arrive
2) The tree looked as if it ____for a long time.
A. hasn’t watered B. didn’t water
C. hadn’t been watered D. wasn’t watered
5 虚拟语气的其它用法
1)It is (high, about) time…句型，表示“早该干某事而已有些晚了”。If only 引起的感叹句，表示“但愿，该。。。就搞了”。
1) It’s time ____ about the traffic problem downtown.
A. something was done B. anything will be done
C. everything is done D. nothing to be done
2) Look at the terrible situation I am in! if only I ____ your advice.
A. follow B. had followed C. would follow D. have followed
2) 条件暗含在with, without, but for, or , otherwise, except for , under the condition, in the position of 等介词短语中，谓语一般要用should+动词原形或省略should, 直接用动词原形。
1)____ the storm, the ship would have reached its destination on time.
A. In spite of B. In case of C. But for D. Because of
2) We didn’t know his telephone number; otherwise we _____ him.
A. would have telephoned B. must have telephoned
C. would telephone D. had telephoned
3) He must have had an accident, or he _______ then.
A. would have been here B. had to be here
C. should be here D. would be here
3. lest, for fear that, in order that, in case 引导目的状语从句。
1) The mad man was put in the soft-padded cell (软垫小室) lest he ___ himself. (A)
A. injure B. had injured C. injured D. would injure
4. wish, would rather/sooner/as soon后的宾语从句。©
I’d rather you _____ make any comment on the issue for the time being.
A. don’t B. wouldn’t C. didn’t D. shouldn’t
九、主谓一致
重点：语法上一致就是谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。
▲ 如果主语为单数而后面跟有with， together with，along with, combined with, in addition to, except， but， like， as well as， rather than， more than， no less than， besides， including等引起的短语，谓语动词仍用单数形式;若主语为复数，谓语用复数形式。
▲ 如果主语是由and连接的两个单数名词且前面有every, each, no等词修饰时，谓语动词用单数。如：Every boy and girl in this region is taught to read and write.
▲ Many a (an/another)+名词;more than one + 名词等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：more than one person was involved in the case.
▲ The number (variety of ) + 名词作主语;an amount of (a deal of/plenty of )+不可数名词;a quality of +不可数名词，谓语动词均用单数。
▲ 由“and”连接两个名词作主语，and后面：的名词若不加冠词，常指同一个人或事物，谓语动词用单数。如：the secretary and manager(书记兼经理)。
▲ 以-ics结尾的名词如表示的是一门学科，动词用单数，如指特定事物，动词用复数。
▲ 由连词or, either…nor, not only…but also, nor 等连接的两个名词或代词，谓语形式应采用毗邻一致的原则，即谓语与邻近的主语一致。
1) How close parents are to their children______ a strong influence on the character of the children.
A. have B. has C. having D. to have
十、倒装
▲重点：only+副词，介词短语或状语从句引出的句子。
▲以never, little, nowhere, rarely, seldom, scarcely, hardly, no sooner, in no case, at no time, on no account, under no circumstances, by no means等引导的句子。
1)Only by shouting at the top of his voice _____.
A. was he able to make himself hear.
B. he was able to make himself, hear.
C. he was able to make himself heard.
D. was he able to make himself heard.
2) She never laughed, _____ lose her temper.
A. or she ever did B. nor did she ever
C. or did she ever D. nor she ever did
十一、强调句
强调句的基本结构：It is (was)+被强调的部分+that +句子的其它成分。
例如：_______ she first heard of the man referred to as a specialist.
A. That was from Stephen B. It was Stephen whom
C. It was from Stephen that D. It was Stephen that
十二、反义疑问句
重点：
▲当陈述部分的主语是everyone, everybody, someone, no one, somebody, nobody 等合成词，其含义相当于汉语的人的集合时，附加疑问句的代词用复数they 来代替。当陈述部分的主语为everything, nothing, anything, something时，疑问句部分中的主语要用it。如nobody came to see me, did they?
▲如果陈述部分是I’m …结构，附加疑问句部分一般用aren’t I. 如I’m stupid, aren’t I ?
▲祈使句后可加一个简短问句，使口气变得客气一些。
Don’t forget to walk the dog while I am away, _____ ?
A. can you B. has been C. do you D. will you
十三、代词
本部分考察重点是不定代词
▲many, much, little, few 都是表示数量的代词。Many , few 用作可数名词，作主语或宾语时，可指人;much, little用作不可数名词，作主语或宾语时指事物。
▲both, either, neither用于谈论两个人或东西时使用;谈到三个或更多时用all, any 和none。
1)As I was just getting ____ familiar with this job, I had to ask my boss.
A. many B.most C.more D. much
2) You can park on ______ side of the street.
A. either B. any C. all D. both
十四、形容词和副词
本部分的考察重点是形容词和副词的比较级结构中的应用。
1. 形容词和副词的比较级前可用much, far , slightly, a lot, a little, still, ever, … times, any(表示疑问), no, not any(表示否定)等程度的副词表示比较的程度。例如：
1) You are far more tolerant than I am.
2) After taking the medicine, he did not get any better.
3) This room is three times bigger than that one.
4) In some modern countries we find a ________ number of people with university degrees than there are jobs for them to fill.
A. large B. far larger C. more large D. more larger
5) It is not so ___ it appears to introduce equal pay for equal work.
A. easy B. easier than C. easier as D. easy as
6) The more we get together, ____ we shall be.
A. the happy B. happier C. the happier D. the more happy
2. 某些形容词本身已是比较级的形式，在用作“比较”时，后面应跟to，而不是than。常见的有：
superior (较高的) prior(顺序在先的)
inferior(下等的) anterior(前面的)
senior(年长的) posterior (以后的)
junior(年少的)
1)You needn’t feel inferior to others.
2)This new model in our computer department is superior to that one in their department.
3)We received no notification prior to today’s date.
4)He is several years junior to Mrs. Smith.