万圣节之夜介绍英文

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万圣节之夜介绍英文

　　在西方国家，每年的10月31日为"万圣节之夜"。万圣节是西方国家的传统节日。下面是小编整理的一些有关万圣节的英文介绍，一起来看看吧!

万圣节之夜介绍英文

　　【Halloween Comes to America】

　　As European immigrants came to America, they brought their varied Halloween customs with them. Because of the rigid Protestant belief systems that characterized early New England, celebration of Halloween in colonial times was extremely limited there.

　　It was much more common in Maryland and the southern colonies. As the beliefs and customs of different European ethnic groups, as well as the American Indians, meshed, a distinctly American version of Halloween began to emerge.

　　The first celebrations included "play parties," public events held to celebrate the harvest, where neighbors would share stories of the dead, tell each other's fortunes, dance, and sing.

　　Colonial Halloween festivities also featured the telling of ghost stories and mischief-making of all kinds. By the middle of the nineteenth century, annual autumn festivities were common, but Halloween was not yet celebrated everywhere in the country.

　　In the second half of the nineteenth century, America was flooded with new immigrants. These new immigrants, especially the millions of Irish fleeing Ireland's potato famine of 1846, helped to popularize the celebration of Halloween nationally.

　　Taking from Irish and English traditions, Americans began to dress up in costumes and go house to house asking for food or money, a practice that eventually became today's "trick-or-treat" tradition. Young women believed that, on Halloween, they could divine the name or appearance of their future husband by doing tricks with yarn, apple parings, or mirrors.

　　In the late 1800s, there was a move in America to mold Halloween into a holiday more about community and neighborly get-togethers, than about ghosts, pranks, and witchcraft.

　　At the turn of the century, Halloween parties for both children and adults became the most common way to celebrate the day. Parties focused on games, foods of the season, and festive costumes.

　　Parents were encouraged by newspapers and community leaders to take anything "frightening" or "grotesque" out of Halloween celebrations. Because of their efforts, Halloween lost most of its superstitious and religious overtones by the beginning of the twentieth century.

　　By the 1920s and 1930s, Halloween had become a secular, but community-centered holiday, with parades and town-wide parties as the featured entertainment. Despite the best efforts of many schools and communities, vandalism began to plague Halloween celebrations in many communities during this time. By the 1950s, town leaders had successfully limited vandalism and Halloween had evolved into a holiday directed mainly at the young.

　　Due to the high numbers of young children during the fifties baby boom, parties moved from town civic centers into the classroom or home, where they could be more easily accommodated. Between 1920 and 1950, the centuries-old practice of trick-or-treating was also revived. Trick-or-treating was a relatively inexpensive way for an entire community to share the Halloween celebration.

　　In theory, families could also prevent tricks being played on them by providing the neighborhood children with small treats. A new American tradition was born, and it has continued to grow. Today, Americans spend an estimated $6.9 billion annually on Halloween, making it the country's second largest commercial holiday.

　　【万圣节活动】

　　不给糖就捣乱(Trick-or-treat)

　　万圣夜的主要活动是"不给糖就捣乱"(Trick-or-treating)。小孩装扮成各种恐怖样子，逐门逐户按响邻居的门铃，大叫:"Trick or Treat!"(意即不请客就捣乱)，主人家(可能同样穿着恐怖服装)便会拿出一些糖果、巧克力或是小礼物。部分家庭甚至使用声音特效和制烟机器营造恐怖气氛。小孩一晚取得的糖果往往以袋计算，整袋整袋的搬回家。

　　在苏格兰，小孩要糖果时会说:"The sky is blue, the grass is green, may we have our Halloween."(天是蓝色，草是绿色，齐来庆祝万圣节前夜)，然后以唱歌跳舞等表演来博得糖果。

　　传统的万圣夜服饰包括僵尸、鬼魂、巫婆、恶魔等。典型的服饰时盖着一块剪了两个眼孔的布扮鬼。在19世纪的苏格兰和爱尔兰，当时的人认为万圣节前夜鬼魂会来到人间，故会打扮得与鬼魂一样，让鬼魂把自己当成同类。近年，万圣节前夜的装扮已不限于恐怖，而可以作任何打扮，如扮成电视剧或电影明星，以及公众人物，例如政治家。

　　2004年适逢美国总统选举，乔治·布什和克里成为美国流行的万圣节前夜打扮。而2001年九一一袭击事件后，消防员、警察等成为小孩的扮演对象。

　　据估计，2004年有大约215万个美国小孩装扮成蜘蛛侠，是当年最受欢迎的打扮。[1] 在美国、加拿大和墨西哥很普遍。计划于1950年推出，筹款小钱箱通过学校分发予小孩，让小孩讨糖果时顺便募集捐款。据估计，推出以来已筹得超过1.19亿美元。

　　研究机构 BIGresearch 曾为美国全国零售联盟进行调查，发现53.3%的顾客会为2005年万圣节前夜购物，平圴消费额38.11美元，较去年高10美元，以此推算，美国消费者为2005年万圣节支出的金额高达33亿美元。

　　其他活动

　　此外，还有"咬苹果游戏"(bobbing for apples)，参加者设法只用嘴巴咬起漂浮在水上的苹果。

　　在爱尔兰，有一种传统占卜游戏，参加者蒙着眼，从放着几个小碟的桌上选出其中一只，如摸到的碟盛有泥土，代表来年会有与参加者有关的人过身，如盛有水代表会远行，盛有钱币代表会发财，盛有豆代表会穷困，等等。在19世纪的'爱尔兰，少女会在洒有面粉的碟上放蛞蝓，而蛞蝓爬行的痕迹会是少女将来丈夫的模样。

　　在北美，传说如果未婚女子在万圣夜坐在黑暗的房间中，便可以在镜中看见未来丈夫的样貌。不过，如果她们将于结婚前死去，镜中便会出现一个头骨。这个习俗自19世纪后期已经非常流行，也有相关的贺卡售卖。

　　说鬼故事及看恐怖片是万圣夜派对中常见的活动。以万圣夜为主题的电视特辑通常在万圣夜假期当天或之前播放，对象多数是儿童。

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