大学英语四级语法考点解析（下）
语法一直是大学英语考试中同学们的拦路虎，同学们可以和小编一起看看大学英语语法考点解析，以提高语法的答题能力!
大学英语四级语法考点解析六：不定式
1) It was a great achievement _______________(10个月建成一栋24层的楼).
2) It is necessary _______________(我们在考试前好好地睡一晚上觉).
3) It is generous _______________(你把这么多钱捐给灾区人民).
4) The teacher decided _______________(不惩罚那些上课迟到的学生).
5) Mr. Green was wondering _______________ (是否去看望在法国的儿子).
6) The gardener _______________(刚才警告我不要在中午给花浇水).
7) We _______________(请他给我们做有关现代艺术的讲座).
8) He feels it challenging _______________(在这么大一所大学做学生会主席).
9) We hope to have more opportunities _______________(把我们在课堂上学到的东西应用于实践).
10) The bad weather _______________(破坏了我们在露天放电影的计划).
答案分析：
1) to complete a 24-story building in 10 months
(考点：不定式作主语时常用it作形式主语放在句首代替不定式，而将不定式移到谓语后面)
2) for us to have a good night’s sleep before the test
(考点：有时用“介词for + 代词/名词”来表示不定式的逻辑主语，这时整句的谓语描述的对象是事情，这种情况下谓语中常用的形容词有：necessary, important, possible, impossible, all right, essential等)
3) of you to donate so much money to the people in the disaster area
(考点：有时用“介词of + 代词/名词”来表示不定式的逻辑主语，这时整句的谓语描述的'对象是人，这种情况下谓语中常用的形容词有：absurd, bold, brave, careful, careless, cowardly, cruel, foolish, generous, good, honest, kind, nice, polite, rude, selfish, silly, stupid, thoughtful, thoughtless, wicked, wise, wrong等)
4) not to punish those students who had been late for class
(考点：1. 用不定式结构作decide的宾语;2.不定式的否定形式是在to前加not)
(能带不定式作宾语的动词常见的有：afford, agree, ask, attempt, beg, begin, bother, care, choose, claim, consent, decide, demand, desire, dislike, endeavor, expect, fail, fear, forget, happen, hate, help, hesitate, hope, intend, learn, like, love, manage, mean, neglect, offer, plan, pledge, prefer, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, remember, resolve, start, threaten, undertake, venture, volunteer, vow, want, wish)
5) whether to visit their son in France
大学英语四级语法考点解析七：动名词
1) _______________(每天洗冷水澡) does him a lot of good.
2) They tried to avoid _______________(让女儿做她不喜欢的事情).
3) Developing varieties is the key to _______________(使我们的产品进入国际市场).
4) It is no use _______________(为洒了的牛奶而哭泣).
5) He denied______________(偷看了同桌的试卷).[外语@教育网www.for68.com]
6) We congratulated her on _______________(被提升为经理).
答案分析：
1) Taking a cold bath every day (考点：动名词作主语)
2) making their daughter do what she didn’t like to do (考点：动名词作动词的宾语)
(下列动词后的宾语只能是动名词而不能是不定式：admit, advise, allow, anticipate, appreciate, avoid, delay, deny, dislike, dread, encourage, enjoy, escape, excuse, fancy, finish, can’t help, imagine, keep, mind, miss, permit, postpone, practice, prevent, propose, recall, recollect, resent, resist, risk, can’t stand, stop, suggest)
3) getting our goods into the international market (考点：动名词作介词的宾语)
4) crying over spilled milk
(考点：动名词用于固定结构。动名词经常与以下词组连用：be worth, have difficulty (in), it be no good/use/worthwhile, there be no need/no point in, how/what about, what’s the point of, what’s the use of)
5) having peeked at his neighbor’s test paper (考点：动名词的完成式)
6) being promoted to manager (考点：动名词的被动式)
(考点：“疑问词+不定式”作动词wonder的宾语。能以这种结构作宾语的动词通常有ask, consider, decide, discover, explain, forget, guess, know, learn, observe, remember, see, tell, understand, wonder等)
6) warned me just now not to water flowers at noon (考点：不定式作宾语补语)
7) invited him to give us a lecture on modern art (考点：同上)
(能带不定式结构作宾语补语的动词有advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, challenge, command, compel, enable, determine, encourage, expect, feel, find, force, get, hate, have, hear, help, inform invite, let, like, make, mean, need, notice, notify, oblige, order, permit, persuade, remind, request, require, see, send, teach, tell, tempt, trouble, urge, want, warn, watch, wish等。注：划线的动词后面的不定式不带to)
8) to be the chairman of students’ union in so large a university
(考点：动词 + it + 形容词/名词 + 不定式。it是形式宾语，不定式是真正宾语)
9) to apply what we have learned in class to practice (考点：不定式作定语)
(不定式常用作以下名词/代词的定语：ability, ambition, anything, attempt, capability, chance, curiosity, desire, decision, determination, effort, failure, intention, need, nothing, opportunity, place, plan, promise, reason, right, something, tendency, time, way, wish等)
10) ruined our plan to show the film in the open air (考点：同上)
大学英语四级语法考点解析八：分词
1) This is the first time that I heard _______________(用意大利语唱“祝你生日快乐”).
2) The cars _______________(停在消防通道的) will be ticketed.
3) The war went on for years, _______________(夺去了成千上万人的生命).
4) The farmers used a new insecticide, thus _______________(将平均产量提高了15%).
5) Einstein watched the toy in delight, _______________(想推导出它的运转原理).
6) _______________(看到大家都在聚精会神地看书), we stopped talking and began to study.
7) _______________(被这个男孩的事迹深深打动了), they decided to pay for his education.
8) _______________(从一个年轻朋友的眼光来看), Einstein was a simple, modest and ordinary man.
9) _______________(好久没有收到父母的来信了), he was worried about them.
答案分析：
1) “Happy birthday to you” sung in Italian (考点：分词作宾语补语)
(catch, discover, feel, find, get, have, hear, keep, leave, make, notice, see, watch等动词常用分词形式作宾语补语)
2) parked in the fire lane (考点：分词作定语)
3) killing thousands upon thousands of people (考点：分词作结果状语)
4) raising the average yield by 15 percent (考点：同上)
5) trying to deduce its operating principle (考点：分词作伴随状语)
6) Seeing that everyone was bending over his/her book (考点：分词作原因状语)
7) Deeply moved by the boy’s deeds (考点：同上)
8) Seen from the eyes of a young friend (考点：分词作方式状语)
9) Not having heard from his parents for a long time
(考点：1. 分词作原因状语;2.分词的否定形式;3.现在分词的完成式)
大学英语四级语法考点解析九：非谓语动词用法区别
1) Success means _______________(非常努力地工作).
2) John meant _______________(开车去那儿，但他的车出了故障).
3) I heard him ____________(在跟他的母亲谈话).
4) I heard him _______________(跟他的母亲谈了一个小时).
5) He jumped into the pool to save the child _______________(结果却摔断了自己的腿).
6) He jumped from the burning house, _______________(摔断了双腿).
7) He was happy _______________(看到父母很健康).
8) _______________(看到父母安然无恙), he issued a sigh of relief.
9) _______________(跟随着它的脚印), the zoologists spotted the hungry panda.
10) The pop, _______________(后面跟着两个保镖), came to meet his fans.
答案分析：
1) working very hard. (考点：mean表示“意味着”)
2) to drive there, but his car broke down (考点：mean表示“打算”)
(类似需要区别的动词还有forget, remember, regret, go on, stop等)
3) talking to his mother (考点：强调正在进行)
4) talk to his mother for an hour (考点：强调整个过程)
5) only to break his own leg (考点：意料之外的结果)
6) breaking his legs (考点：意料之中的结果)
7) to see his parents in good health (考点：不定式作原因状语位于句末)
8) Seeing his parents safe and sound (考点：分词作原因状语位于句首)
9) Following its footprints (考点：现在分词强调主动)
10) followed by two body guards (考点：过去分词强调被动)
大学英语四级语法考点解析十：名词从句
1) _______________(他们为什么离开家乡去云南) is still a secret.
2) _______________(最让我不解的) was that he spoke English so well.
3) _______________(这么做是故意的) became obvious.
4) It is not clear yet _______________(谁应该为这件事负责).
5) It is none of your business _______________(玛丽与谁订婚).
6) Don’t put off till tomorrow _______________(今天能做的事).
7) This novel is just _______________(我一直在寻找的).
8) It is not yet known _______________(机器人是否有一天能拥有象人一样的视力).
9) _______________(她是否喜欢那个礼物) is not clear to me.
10) My main problem right now is _______________(我是否应该请求另一笔贷款).
11) It all depends on _______________(他们是否会支持我们).
12) You have yet to answer my question _______________(我是否可以指望你的投票).
13) Finally, the workers got an answer _______________(政府做不了什么事来提高他们工资).
14) Obviously, there was little certainty _______________(主席会同意他的提议).
答案分析：
1) Why they left their hometown for Yunnan (考点：主语从句)
2) What confused me most (考点：同上)
3) That this was done on purpose (考点：同上)
4) who should be responsible for this matter (考点：较长的主语从句可以后置，用it作形式主语)
5) whom Mary is engaged to (考点：同上)
6) what can be done today (考点：宾语从句)
7) what I have been looking for (考点：表语从句)
8) whether/if robots will one day have vision as good as human vision(考点：whether/if引导后置的主语从句)
9) Whether she likes the present (考点：whether引导前置的主语从句)
10) whether I should ask for another loan (考点：whether引导表语从句)
11) whether they will support us (考点：whether引导宾语从句)
12) whether I can count on your vote (考点：whether引导同位语从句)
(9-12中的whether不可以替换为if)
13) that the Government could do nothing to raise their wages (考点：同位语从句)
14) that the chairman would agree to this proposal (考点：同上)